R. De Angelis
A5066413122- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Fusion materials and technologies
- Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
- Laser Material Processing Techniques
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
- Gyrotron and Vacuum Electronics Research
- Dust and Plasma Wave Phenomena
- Laser Design and Applications
- Cold Fusion and Nuclear Reactions
- Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
- Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
- Ocular and Laser Science Research
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Electrostatic Discharge in Electronics
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
- Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development
2015-2024
University of Pisa
2019-2021
Institute of Ionized Gas
1982-2019
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati
2016-2019
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
2019
Institute of Plasma Physics
2019
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa
2019
Sapienza University of Rome
1995-2013
ENEA Frascati Research Centre
2013
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
1990
This paper provides an up-to-date review of the problems related to generation, detection and mitigation strong electromagnetic pulses created in interaction high-power, high-energy laser with different types solid targets. It includes new experimental data obtained independently at several international laboratories. The mechanisms field generation are analyzed considered as a function intensity spectral range emissions they produce. major emphasis is put on GHz frequency domain, which most...
An experiment was performed using the PALS laser to study laser-target coupling and laser-plasma interaction in an intensity regime ≤1016 W/cm2, relevant for “shock ignition” approach Inertial Confinement Fusion. A first beam at low used create extended preformed plasma, a second one strong shock. Pressures up 90 Megabars were inferred. Our results show importance of details energy transport overdense region.
Abstract We describe the first electro-optical absolute measurements of electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) generated by laser-plasma interaction in nanosecond regime. Laser intensities are inertial-confinement-fusion (ICF) relevant and wavelength is 1054 nm. These direct EMP amplitude with detector rather close view plasma. A maximum field 261 kV/m was measured, two orders magnitude higher than previous conductive probes on regime lasers much energy. The analysis particle-in-cell simulations...
The discovery of chirped pulse amplification has led to great improvements in laser technology, enabling energetic beams be compressed durations tens femtoseconds and focused a few micrometers. Protons with energies MeV can accelerated using, for instance, target normal sheath acceleration on secondary targets. Under such conditions, nuclear reactions occur, the production radioisotopes suitable medical application. use high-repetition lasers produce isotopes is competitive conventional...
The plasma astrophysical $S$ factor for the $^{3}\mathrm{He}(d,p)^{4}\mathrm{He}$ fusion reaction was measured first time at temperatures of few keV, using interaction intense ultrafast laser pulses with molecular deuterium clusters mixed $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ atoms. Different proportions ${\mathrm{D}}_{2}$ and or ${\mathrm{CD}}_{4}$ were in gas target order to allow measurement cross section reaction. yield 14.7 MeV protons from extract low energies. Our result is agreement other...
The non-intrusive density measurement of the thin plasma produced by a mini-helicon space thruster (HPH.com project) is challenge, due to broad range (between 1016 m−3 and 1019 m−3) small size source (2 cm diameter). A microwave interferometer has been developed for this purpose. Due plasma, probing beam wavelength must be (λ = 4 mm), thus very high sensitivity required in order observe lower values. low noise digital phase detector with 0.02° used, corresponding 0.5 × m−3.
We present an overview of FTU experiments on runaway electron (RE) generation and control carried out through a comprehensive set real-time (RT) diagnostics/control systems newly installed RE diagnostics. An imaging spectrometer system detects visible infrared synchrotron radiation. A Cherenkov probe measures escaping the plasma. gamma camera provides hard x-ray radial profiles from bremsstrahlung interactions in Experiments onset suppression show that threshold electric field for is larger...
Thanks to their high dynamic range and ability withstand electromagnetic pulse, imaging plates (IPs) are commonly used as passive detectors in laser-plasma experiments. In the framework of development diagnostics for Petawatt Aquitaine Laser facility, we present an absolute calibration spatial resolution study five different available types IP (namely, MS-SR-TR-MP-ND) performed by using laser-induced K-shell X-rays emitted a solid silver target irradiated laser ECLIPSE at CEntre Lasers...
Since the 2012 IAEA-FEC Conference, FTU operations have been largely devoted to runaway electrons generation and control, exploitation of 140 GHz electron cyclotron (EC) system liquid metal limiter elements. Experiments on shown that measured threshold electric field for their is larger than predicted by collisional theory can be justified considering synchrotron radiation losses. A new control algorithm was developed tested in presence a current plateau, allowing minimize interactions with...
Two different methods have been employed to determine the plasma temperature in a laser-cluster fusion experiment on Texas Petawatt laser. In first, was derived from time-of-flight data of deuterium ions ejected exploding D(2) or CD(4) clusters. second, measured ratio rates two nuclear reactions occurring at same time: D(d,(3)He)n and (3)He(d,p)(4)He. The temperatures determined by these agree well, which indicates that (i) ion energy distribution is not significantly distorted when travel...
Abstract The development of high-intensity lasers has opened the field nuclear reactions initiated by laser-accelerated particles. One possible application is production aneutronic fusion for clean energy production. We propose an innovative scheme based on use two targets and present first results obtained with ELFIE facility (at LULI Laboratory) proton–boron-11 (p– 11 B) reaction. A proton beam, accelerated Target Normal Sheat Acceleration mechanism using a short laser pulse (12 J, 350 fs,...
Laser-accelerated ion beams can be used in many applications and, especially, to initiate nuclear reactions out of thermal equilibrium. We have experimentally studied aneutronic fusion induced by protons accelerated the Target Normal Sheath Acceleration mechanism, colliding with a boron target. Such experiments require rigorous method identify reaction products (alpha particles) collected detectors among few other species such as or carbon ions, for example. CR-39 track are widely because...
Electron temperatures in excess of 8 keV have been obtained by electron-cyclotron-resonance heating on FTU plasmas at peak densities up to $8\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{19}\mathrm{m}{}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$. The magnetic shear the plasma core is low or negative, and electron heat diffusivity remains at, below, Ohmic level $(0.2\mathrm{m}{}^{2}/\mathrm{s})$, spite very large power density $(10--20\mathrm{MW}/\mathrm{m}{}^{3})$ which produces extremely high temperature gradients (up...
The emission of electromagnetic waves in the radiofrequency-microwave range has been observed many experiments laser- plasma interaction. These fields can have very high intensity and estimated frequency band up to several gigahertz. radiation normally affects behaviour most detectors, often hundreds nanoseconds from laser pulse, represent a serious limitation for time-of-flight detection fast particles, general safe operation electronic equipment. In this work we describe measurements under...
Shock ignition (SI) is an appealing approach in the inertial confinement scenario for and burn of a pre-compressed fusion pellet. In this scheme, strong converging shock launched by laser irradiation at intensity Iλ2 > 1015 W cm−2 µm2 end compression phase. regime, laser–plasma interactions are characterized onset variety instabilities, including stimulated Raman scattering, Brillouin scattering two plasmon decay, accompanied generation population fast electrons. The effect electrons on...
Time-Of-Flight (TOF) methods are very effective to detect particles accelerated in laser-plasma interactions, but they show significant limitations when used experiments with high energy and intensity lasers, where both high-energy ions remarkable levels of ElectroMagnetic Pulses (EMPs) the radiofrequency-microwave range generated. Here we describe a novel advanced diagnostic method for characterization protons by intense matter interactions high-intensity ultra-short laser pulses up...
Studies on the current-drive (CD) efficiency have been carried out in FTU tokamak with 8 GHz lower-hybrid waves up to line-averaged plasma density ${\overline{n}}_{e}>1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{20}{\mathrm{m}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$. High efficiencies, larger than $0.2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{20}{\mathrm{m}}^{\ensuremath{-}2}\mathrm{A}/\mathrm{W}$, are obtained for clean conditions, no significant degradation as is increased accessibility limit. The electron...
In this work, we present a new and general method for measuring the astrophysical S-factor of nuclear reactions in laser-induced plasmas apply it to d(d,n)$^{3}$He. The experiment was performed with Texas Petawatt laser, which delivered 150-270 fs pulses energy ranging from 90 180 J D$_{2}$ or CD$_{4}$ molecular clusters. After removing background noise, used measured time-of-flight data energetic deuterium ions obtain their distribution. We derive using distribution ions, volume fusion...
The absorption of powerful laser radiation in a porous material is investigated theoretically and numerically. behavior the medium during process pores filling heated region described by model viscous homogenization. as partially homogenized plasma where density within increases with time from zero to an average substance depending on ratio pulse duration homogenization time. An expression describing space dependence coefficient such derived. initial pore's sizes, intensity are parameters...
Abstract We report on the development and deployment of an optical diagnostic for single-shot measurement electric-field components electromagnetic pulses from high-intensity laser-matter interactions in a high-noise environment. The electro-optic Pockels effect KDP crystals was used to measure transient electric fields using geometry easily modifiable magnetic field detection via Faraday rotation. Using dielectric sensors fibre-based readout ensures minimal perturbations compared conductive...
We describe the characterization of electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) in experiments on solid targets at PALS laser facility Prague, for energy up to 600 J and intensity 1016 W cm−2 focus. Measurements EMPs have been performed by different conductive probes placed inside outside experimental chamber. show results probe configurations, illustrate effects spurious direct coupling these transient fields with read-out apparatus, which are important high-energy high-intensity laser-plasma...
Abstract The generalized theory of terawatt laser pulse interaction with a low-dense porous substance light chemical elements including absorption and energy transfer in wide region parameter variation is developed on the base model laser-supported hydrothermal wave partially homogenized plasma. Laser absorption, hydrodynamic motion, electron thermal conductivity are implemented code, according to degree laser-driven homogenization laser-produced results numerical simulations obtained by...
Abstract We demonstrate here for the first time that charge emitted by laser-target interactions at petawatt peak-powers can be efficiently deposited on a capacitor-collector structure far away from target and lead to rapid (tens of nanoseconds) generation large quasi-static electric fields over wide (tens-of-centimeters scale-length) regions, with intensities much higher than common ElectroMagnetic Pulses (EMPs) generated same experiment in position. A good agreement was obtained between...