A5083572747- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Fusion materials and technologies
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
- Gyrotron and Vacuum Electronics Research
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Dust and Plasma Wave Phenomena
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Pulsed Power Technology Applications
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Nuclear physics research studies
- Chaos control and synchronization
- Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism
- High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Quantum chaos and dynamical systems
- Fluid Dynamics Simulations and Interactions
- Magneto-Optical Properties and Applications
- Vacuum and Plasma Arcs
Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
2015-2024
CEA Cadarache
2015-2024
Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics
2023
Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
2014-2022
Atomic Energy (Canada)
2020
Royal Military Academy
2020
CEA Grenoble
2017
Culham Science Centre
2011-2016
Culham Centre for Fusion Energy
2011-2016
Southwestern Institute of Physics
2011
CRONOS is a suite of numerical codes for the predictive/interpretative simulation full tokamak discharge. It integrates, in modular structure, 1D transport solver with general 2D magnetic equilibria, several heat, particle and impurities models, as well momentum sources. This paper gives first comprehensive description suite: overall structure code, main available details on workflow implementation. Some examples applications to analysis experimental discharges predictions ITER scenarios are...
METIS is a numerical code aiming at fast full tokamak plasma analyses and predictions. It combines 0D scaling-law normalised heat particle transport with 1D current diffusion modelling 2D equilibria. contains several heat, impurities models, as well particle, momentum sources, which allow faster than real time scenario simulations. This paper gives first comprehensive description of the suite: overall structure code, main available details on simulation workflow implementation. Some examples...
The impact on turbulent transport of geodesic acoustic modes excited by energetic particles is evidenced for the first time in flux-driven 5D gyrokinetic simulations using Gysela code. Energetic (EGAMs) are a regime with barrier outer radial region. interaction between EGAMs and turbulence such that can be enhanced presence EGAMs, subsequent destruction barrier. This scenario could particularly critical those plasmas, as burning exhibiting rich population suprathermal capable exciting modes.
Abstract Ion cyclotron resonance frequency (ICRF) heating has been an essential component in the development of high power H-mode scenarios Jet European Torus ITER-like wall (JET-ILW). The ICRF performance was improved by enhancing antenna-plasma coupling with dedicated main chamber gas injection, including preliminary minimization RF-induced plasma-wall interactions, while RF where optimized for core impurity screening terms ion position and minority hydrogen concentration. impact on...
The JET exploitation plan foresees D–T operations in 2020 (DTE2). With respect to the first campaign 1997 (DTE1), when was equipped with a carbon wall, experiments will be conducted presence of beryllium–tungsten ITER-like wall and benefit from an extended improved set diagnostics higher additional heating power (32 MW neutral beam injection + 8 ion cyclotron resonance heating). There are several challenges presented by new wall: general deterioration pedestal confinement; risk heavy...
This paper summarizes the physical principles behind novel three-ion scenarios using radio frequency waves in ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICRF). We discuss how to transform mode conversion electron heating into a new flexible ICRF technique for and fast-ion generation multi-ion species plasmas. The theoretical section provides practical recipes selecting plasma composition realize scenarios, including two equivalent possibilities choice resonant absorbers that have been identified....
We show in this paper that geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs) can be efficiently excited by a population of fast ions even when Landau damping on thermal is accounted for. report particular fully kinetic calculations the GAM dispersion relation and its complete solution. Written under variational form, quasi-neutrality condition, together with Vlasov equation, leads to density exchanged energy between particles mode. In particular, linear threshold for GAMs excitation derived. Two examples ion...
We report on a very efficient ion-cyclotron-resonance-frequency (ICRF) absorption scheme (Z)–Y–X, which hinges the presence of three ion species residing in plasma. A mode conversion (cutoff-resonance) layer is well known to appear two-ion plasmas. If location L-cutoff Y–X plasmas, can be controlled by varying Y : X density ratio, almost coincides with fundamental cyclotron resonance third Z (resonant absorber), latter—albeit present only trace quantities—is shown absorb all incoming RF...
Dedicated experiments to generate energetic D ions and fusion-born alpha particles were performed at the Joint European Torus (JET) with ITER-like wall (ILW). Using 3-ion radio frequency (RF) heating scenario, deuterium from neutral beam injection (NBI) accelerated in core of mixed plasmas higher energies ion cyclotron resonance (ICRF) waves, turn leading a core-localized source particles. The fast-ion distribution RF-accelerated D-NBI was controlled by varying ICRF NBI power ( 4–6 MW, 3–20...
Abstract We present an overview of results from a series L–H transition experiments undertaken at JET since the installation ITER-like-wall (JET-ILW), with beryllium wall tiles and tungsten divertor. Tritium, helium deuterium plasmas have been investigated. Initial in tritium show ohmic transitions low density power threshold for ( P LH ) is lower than ones densities, while we still lack contrasted data to provide scaling high densities. In there notable shift which minimum <?CDATA...
Abstract A toroidal Alfvén eigenmode (TAE) has been observed to be driven by alpha particles in a JET deuterium-tritium internal transport barrier plasma. The observation occurred 50 ms after the removal of neutral beam heating (NBI). mode is on magnetics, soft-xray, interferometry and reflectometry measurements. We present detailed stability calculations using similar tool set validated during deuterium only discharges. These strongly support conclusion that TAE, this was destabilized...
The fusion-born alpha particle heating in magnetically confined fusion machines is a high priority subject for studies. self-heating of thermonuclear plasma by particles was observed recent deuterium-tritium (D-T) experiments on the joint European torus. This observation possible conducting so-called "afterglow" where transient yield achieved with neutral beam injection as only external source, and then termination at peak performance. allowed first direct evidence electron plasmas alphas to...
Abstract The recent deuterium–tritium campaign in JET-ILW (DTE2) has provided a unique opportunity to study the isotope dependence of L-H power threshold an ITER-like wall environment (Be and W divertor). Here we present results from dedicated transition experiments at JET-ILW, documenting tritium plasmas, comparing them with matching deuterium hydrogen datasets. From earlier it is known that as plasma isotopic composition changes deuterium, through varying deuterium/hydrogen concentrations,...
Abstract The reference ion cyclotron resonance frequency (ICRF) heating schemes for ITER deuterium–tritium (D-T) plasmas at the full magnetic field of 5.3 T are second harmonic and 3 He minority heating. wave-particle location these coincide central a wave 53 MHz T. Experiments have been carried out in major D-T campaign (DTE2) JET, its prior D campaigns, to integrate ICRF scenarios JET high-performance compare their performance with commonly used hydrogen (H) In 50:50 D:T plasmas, up 35% 5%...
Abstract Burning reactor plasmas will be self-heated by fusion born alpha particles from deuterium-tritium reactions. Consequently, a thorough understanding of the confinement and transport DT-born is necessary to maintain plasma self-heating. Measurements fast ion losses provide direct means monitor particle confinement. JET’s 2021–2022 second experimental DT-campaign offers burning scenarios with advanced loss diagnostics for first time in nearly 25 years. Coherent non-coherent were...
Abstract The fusion reaction between deuterium and tritium, D ( T,n ) 4 He is the main source of energy in future thermonuclear reactors. Alpha-particles -ions) born with an average 3.5 MeV transferring to thermal plasma during their slowing down, should provide self-sustained D–T burn. adequate confinement α -particles essential efficient heating bulk steady burning a reactor plasma. That why fusion-born -particle studies have been priority task second experiments (DTE2) on Joint European...
Abstract The full W environment that is now foreseen for ITER puts strong emphasis on experimental results obtained in present devices similar conditions. In this context, the WEST tokamak well equipped to bring key contributions preparation of operation, thanks its capability perform long pulses dominant electron heating, torque-free scheme based RF systems, and ITERgrade actively cooled divertor. Recent interest cover understanding tungsten contamination evaluation conditioning methods,...
Abstract We review the physics of energetic particles (EPs) in magnetically confined burning fusion plasmas with focus on advances since last update ITER Physics Basis (Fasoli et al 2007 Nucl. Fusion 47 S264). Topics include basic EP physics, generation, diagnostics EPs and instabilities, interaction thermal plasma EP-driven particle modes (EPMs), turbulence, linear nonlinear stability simulation instabilities EPMs, 3D effects, scenario optimization strategies based phase-space control,...
Abstract A new record was set on the WEST Tokamak, designed to operate long duration plasmas in a tungsten (W) environment, with an injected energy of 1.15 GJ and plasma 364 s. Scenario development supported by integrated modeling using High Fidelity Plasma Simulator (HFPS), European IMAS-coupled version JETTO/JINTRAC, which integrates physics-driven modules into unified framework. In particular, reduced model for Lower-Hybrid heating Current-Drive (LHCD) quasi-linear turbulent transport...
In DT plasmas, toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes (TAEs) can be made unstable by the alpha particles resulting from fusion reactions, and may induce a significant redistribution of fast ions. Recent experiments have been conducted in JET deuterium plasmas order to prepare scenarios aimed at observing alpha-driven TAEs future campaign. Discharges low density, large core temperatures associated with presence internal transport barriers characterised good energetic ion confinement performed. ICRH has...
Predictability of burning plasmas is a key issue for designing and building credible future fusion devices. In this context, an important effort physics understanding guidance being carried out in parallel to JET experimental campaigns H D by performing analyses modelling towards improvement the DT optimization JET-DT neutron yield born alpha particle physics. Extrapolations from recent experiments using maximum power available have been performed including some most sophisticated codes...
Dedicated experiments were conducted in mixed H-D plasmas JET to demonstrate the efficiency of 3-ion ICRF scheme for plasma heating, relying on injected fast NBI ions as resonant ion species.Strong core localization RF power deposition close vicinity ion-ion hybrid layer was achieved, resulting an efficient generation energetic D ions, strong enhancement neutron rate and observation Alfvénic modes.A consistent physical picture that emerged from a range fast-ion measurements at JET, including...
Abstract In the full tungsten environment of WEST, during its first phase operation, around 25% pulses exhibited a rapid central electron temperature collapse. phase, WEST plasmas were mostly heated by lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) and ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH). this publication, collapsing are analysed to understand key actuators at play. Experimentally, an initial slow reduction due density increase is observed, while profile flat constant in time. Then, radiative collapse...
A two-dimensional integral full-wave model is used to calculate poloidal forces driven by mode conversion in tokamak plasmas. In the presence of a magnetic field, near ion-ion hybrid resonance dominated transition from fast magnetosonic wave slow ion cyclotron wave. The field generates strong variations parallel spectrum that cause damping narrow layer surface. resulting this drive sheared flows comparable those direct launch Bernstein experiments.
Magnetic fusion plasmas feature two major classes of low frequency electromagnetic oscillations: waves in the ion cyclotron range frequencies (ICRFs) constitute a well established method employed for plasma heating and current drive, whereas Alfven naturally occur form modes close interaction with fast particles. The propagation these is characterized by significant space-dispersion, making it necessary to incorporate non-local effects global kinetic full-wave codes which are often their...