P. Lamalle
A5028465066- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- Fusion materials and technologies
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Gyrotron and Vacuum Electronics Research
- Quantum chaos and dynamical systems
- Electromagnetic Simulation and Numerical Methods
- Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Electromagnetic Launch and Propulsion Technology
- Electromagnetic Scattering and Analysis
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks
- Gas Dynamics and Kinetic Theory
- Antenna Design and Analysis
- Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology
- Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics
- Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- Nuclear Engineering Thermal-Hydraulics
- Power System Optimization and Stability
- Precipitation Measurement and Analysis
ITER
2013-2023
Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
2017
Culham Science Centre
2001-2012
Royal Military Academy
2001-2010
Ghent University Hospital
2004-2010
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
2001-2009
Polytechnic University of Turin
2009
École Normale Supérieure - PSL
2009
Troitsk Institute for Innovation and Fusion Research
2007
State Research Center of the Russian Federation
2007
The onset of a neoclassical tearing mode (NTM) depends on the existence large enough seed island. It is shown in Joint European Torus that NTMs can be readily destabilized by long-period sawteeth, such as obtained sawtooth stabilization from ion-cyclotron heating or current drive. This has important implications for burning plasma scenarios, alpha particles strongly stabilize sawteeth. also that, adding and drive just outside inversion radius, sawteeth are destabilized, resulting shorter...
This paper summarizes the physical principles behind novel three-ion scenarios using radio frequency waves in ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICRF). We discuss how to transform mode conversion electron heating into a new flexible ICRF technique for and fast-ion generation multi-ion species plasmas. The theoretical section provides practical recipes selecting plasma composition realize scenarios, including two equivalent possibilities choice resonant absorbers that have been identified....
This paper summarizes the operational experience of ion cyclotron resonant frequency (ICRF) ITER-like antenna on JET aiming at substantially increasing power density in range requirements for ITER combined with load resiliency. An in-depth description its commissioning, aspects and achieved performances is presented.
The reference design for the ICRF antenna of ITER is constituted by a tight array 24 straps grouped in eight triplets. matching network must be load resilient operation ELMy discharges and have spectrum control heating or current drive operation. resilience based on use either hybrid couplers conjugate-T circuits. However, mutual coupling between triplets at low expected loading strongly counteracts control. Using mock-up with adjustable water solutions are designed. These derived from...
Plasmas heated by ICRF only in the JET tokamak show distinct structures toroidal rotation profile, with regions where dω/dr>0 when minority cyclotron resonance layer is far off-axis. The dominantly co-current a clear off-axis maximum. There slight difference between high-field side (HFS) or low-field position of this layer: maximum profile modestly higher for HFS position. This contrast to predictions theories that rely mainly on effects arising from ICRF-driven fast ions account...
The ITER equatorial port visible∕infrared wide angle viewing system concept is developed from the measurement requirements. proposed solution situates 4 systems in ports 3, 9, 12, and 17 with views each (looking at upper target, inner divertor, tangentially left right). This gives sufficient coverage. spatial resolution of divertor 2 times higher than other views. For compensation vacuum-vessel movements, an optical hinge proposed. Compactness low neutron streaming achieved by orienting plug...
Ion cyclotron resonance frequencies (ICRF) mode conversion has been developed for localized on-axis and off-axis bulk electron heating on the JET tokamak. The fast magnetosonic waves launched from low-field side ICRF antennas are mode-converted to short-wavelength high-field of 3He ion layer in D 4He plasmas subsequently damped electrons. resulting power deposition, measured using modulation, is narrow with a typical full-width at half-maximum ≈30 cm (i.e. about 30% minor radius) total...
Recent experiments in JET have provided new information on majority ICRF heating schemes large tokamak plasmas. Adopting a wide range of available diagnostics, the plasma behaviour fundamental D scenario was investigated. The main results are that, due to modest RF power at frequencies necessary for central absorption associated with reduced electric field amplitude near cold ion-cyclotron resonance layer ions, ICRH alone is barely capable plasma. On other hand, when preheating using neutral...
The paper summarizes the continuous developments made to ion cyclotron resonant frequency (ICRF) system at JET in order improve reliability of power coupled plasma. It details changes and improvements so that more is during ELMy plasmas as well increasing density demonstrate reliable operation range requirements for ITER. Results obtained using conventional matching (stubs trombones) system, 3 dB couplers conjugate-T scheme with variable elements outside wave launching structure (external...
In the four-stage approach of new ITER Research Plan, first pre-fusion power operation (PFPO) phase will only have limited available from external heating and current drive (H&CD) systems: 20–30 MW provided by electron cyclotron resonance (ECRH) system. Accessing H-mode confinement regime at such low auxiliary requires operating magnetic field, plasma density, i.e. 1.8 T 5 MA for a density between 40% 50% Greenwald density. plasmas MA/1.8 also be investigated in second PFPO when its full...
Using standard guiding centre (gc) variables, we have obtained general expressions for the contributions of individual gc orbits to linear radiofrequency response a tokamak plasma. The theory is therefore valid equilibrium distribution functions (namely, arbitrary constants motion). Particle motion described first order inclusive in drift approximation.
A new scenario to delay or prevent neoclassical tearing mode (NTM) onset is presented. By active sawtooth destabilization, short period and low amplitude sawteeth are generated, such that the produced NTM seed island reduced threshold normalized plasma pressure for triggering of NTMs, βNonset, increased. The has been explored experimentally in Joint European Torus (JET). Ion cyclotron resonance frequency (ICRF) waves tuned 2nd harmonic H-minority have used control. Whereas ICRF generally...
During the initial operation of International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), it is envisaged that activation will be minimized by using hydrogen (H) plasmas where reference ion cyclotron resonance frequency (ICRF) heating scenarios rely on minority species such as helium (3He) or deuterium (D). This paper firstly describes experiments dedicated to study 3He in H with a sequence discharges which 5 MW ICRF power was reliably coupled and concentration, controlled real-time, varied...
Results are presented from the JET Trace Tritium Experimental (TTE) campaign using minority tritium (T) plasmas (n(T)/n(D) 2 MA) and monotonic q-profiles. In CH discharges gamma-ray emission decay times much lower than classical (tau(Ts) + tau(alpha s)), indicating alpha confinement degradation, due to orbit losses particle drift predicted by a 3-D Fokker-Planck numerical code modelled TRANSP.
The antennas presently developed for ion cyclotron resonance frequency (ICRF) heating of the ITER plasma consist a tightly packed array large number radiating straps, in order to deliver high power density without exceeding radio-frequency voltage standoffs. A recently three-dimensional electromagnetic commercial software has enabled important progress coupling analysis and optimization such demanding systems. Approximations allowing these codes convincingly model effect antenna loading by...
This paper reports on ITER-relevant ion cyclotron resonance frequency (ICRF) physics investigated JET in 2003 and early 2004. Minority heating of helium three hydrogen plasmas—(3He)H—was systematically explored by varying the 3He concentration toroidal phasing antenna arrays. The best performance (a maximum electron temperature 6.2 keV with 5 MW ICRF power) was obtained a preferential wave launch direction plasma current. A clear experimental demonstration made sharp reproducible transition...
In the past years, one of focal points JET experimental programme was on ion-cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) studies in view design and exploitation ICRH system being developed for ITER. this brief review, some main achievements obtained field during last 5 years will be summarized. The results reported here include important aspects a more engineering nature, such as (i) appropriate RF feeding circuits optimal load resilient operation (ii) test compact high-power density antenna array,...
An assessment of ITER plasma parameters is carried out for the low activation phase that required commissioning basic systems including control, heating and current drive. Such an operation analysed hydrogen, helium deuterium plasmas full field current, as well with magnetic reduced to half their design values, B0 = 2.65 T, Ip 7.5 MA. Both hydrogen neutral beam injection (NBI) are considered. We assess possible domain safe operation, target NBI, electron cyclotron (ECH) ion (ICH) systems,...
ITER plasma operation requires a non-active phase for tokamak initial commissioning, covering First Plasma and Pre-Fusion Power Operation phases, PFPO-1 PFPO-2. Non-active consists of hydrogen helium plasmas to minimize the neutron production rate. The present document describes some Ion Cyclotron Radio Frequency (ICRF) heating schemes in terms their predicted performance main foreseen scenarios helium. Emphasis is given on remaining issues physics uncertainties be addressed successful ICRF ITER.