ABSTRACT There is a growing interest in using diffusion MRI to study the white matter tracts and structural connectivity of fetal brain. Recent progress data acquisition processing suggests that this imaging modality has unique role elucidating normal abnormal patterns neurodevelopment utero. However, there have been no efforts quantify prevalence crossing bottleneck regions, important issues investigated for adult brains. In work, we determined brain regions with bottlenecks between 23 36...

Diffusion-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) is increasingly used to study the fetal brain in utero. An important computation enabled by dMRI streamline tractography, which has unique applications such as tract-specific analysis of white matter and structural connectivity assessment. However, due low data quality challenging nature existing methods tend produce highly inaccurate results. They generate many false streamlines while failing reconstruct that constitute major tracts. In...

This study presents the construction of a comprehensive spatiotemporal atlas detailing development white matter tracts in fetal brain using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI). Our research leverages data collected from MRI scans conducted between 22 and 37 weeks gestation, capturing dynamic changes brain's microstructure during this critical period. The includes 60 distinct tracts, including commissural, projection, association fibers. We employed advanced dMRI processing techniques...

Our objective was to investigate prenatal imaging findings, clinical course and outcomes associated with isolated congenital aqueductal stenosis (ICAS). A retrospective study conducted in the period of 2010-2023, including patients ICAS confirmed postnatally who were imaged prenatally ≥ 1 year follow-up. Patients additional anomalies (structural or genetic) excluded. Neurodevelopmental verified by pediatricians, underwent standardized measurement a neuroradiologist. Twenty-one diagnosed...

Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a neurocutaneous disorder caused by somatic mosaic mutation in the GNAQ gene. Epilepsy seen 75%-80% of children with SWS, and they are at high risk early onset seizures, status epilepticus, drug-resistant epilepsy. surgery an effective treatment, but timing candidacy for epilepsy remain controversial this patient population. We examined indications, trends, outcomes surgically treated patients SWS large-volume tertiary pediatric hospital over >2 decades. This...

Peripheral electrical stimulation (PES), which encompasses several techniques with heterogeneous physiological responses, has shown in some cases remarkable outcomes for pain treatment and clinical rehabilitation. However, results are still mixed, mainly because there is a lack of understanding regarding its neural mechanisms action. In this study, we aimed to assess effects by measuring cortical activation as indexed functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). fNIRS optical imaging...

Background: Overweight and obesity are significant public health concerns that prevalent in younger age cohorts. Preventive or therapeutic interventions difficult to implement maintain over time. On the other hand, majority of adolescents United States have a smartphone, representing huge potential for innovative digitized interventions, such as weight loss programs delivered via smartphone applications. Although number available applications is increasing, evidence their effectiveness...

This study presents the construction of a comprehensive spatiotemporal atlas white matter tracts in fetal brain for every gestational week between 23 and 36 wk using diffusion MRI (dMRI). Our research leverages data collected from scans, capturing dynamic changes brain’s architecture microstructure during this critical period. The includes 60 distinct tracts, including commissural, projection, association fibers. We employed advanced dMRI processing techniques tractography to map...

The goal of the present study was to investigate intrinsic and reading-related brain function associated with dyslexia typical readers in monolingual Brazilian children. Two fMRI studies were carried out: a resting-state word-reading study. results show (a) underconnectivity between occipitotemporal region (visual word form area) brain's default-mode network dyslexic (b) more activation anterior cingulate cortex for relative readers. findings provide evidence connectivity differences an...

Formerly called dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour (DNET) of the septum pellucidum, myxoid glioneuronal (MGT) was recently recognized as a distinct entity. We report three cases presumed MGT with typical location and image features.

Background: The main symptoms of fibromyalgia comprise diffuse pain, disability, depressive symptoms, catastrophizing, sleep disruption and fatigue, associated with dysfunction the descending pain-modulating system (DPMS). Objectives: We aimed to identify patterns neuroplasticity biomarkers (i.e. brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) S100B protein) in non-responders conditioned pain modulation task (CPM-task) induced by immersion hand cold water (0–1°C). Furthermore, we evaluated if these...

Resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) may aid in understanding the link between pain-modulating brain regions and descending pain modulatory system (DPMS) fibromyalgia (FM). This study investigated whether differences rs-FC of primary somatosensory cortex responders non-responders to conditioned modulation test (CPM-test) are related pain, sleep quality, central sensitization, impact FM on quality life.This cross-sectional included 33 females with FM. was assessed by magnetic...

Background: The fibromyalgia (FM) physiopathology involves an intracortical excitability/inhibition imbalance as measured by transcranial magnetic stimulation measures (TMS). TMS provide index that can help to understand how the basal neuronal plasticity state (i.e., levels of serum neurotrophins brain brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and S100-B protein) could predict effect therapeutic approaches on cortical circuitries. We used experimental paradigm evaluate if pregabalin be more...

<h3>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</h3> Molecular biomarker identification increasingly influences the treatment planning of pediatric low-grade neuroepithelial tumors (PLGNTs). We aimed to develop and validate a radiomics-based ADC signature predictive molecular status PLGNTs. <h3>MATERIALS METHODS:</h3> In this retrospective bi-institutional study, we searched PACS for baseline brain MRIs from children with Semiautomated tumor segmentation on maps was performed using semiautomated level tracing...

There is a growing interest in using diffusion MRI to study the white matter tracts and structural connectivity of fetal brain. Recent progress data acquisition processing suggests that this imaging modality has unique role elucidating normal abnormal patterns neurodevelopment utero. However, there have been no efforts quantify prevalence crossing bottleneck regions, important issues extensively researched for adult brains. In work, we determined brain regions with bottlenecks between 23 36...

Diffuse hemispheric glioma (DHG), H3 G34 mutant was included in the 5th edition of World Health Organization Classification Tumors Central Nervous System recently published. Given recent inclusion current classification and its rarity adult patients, there are scarce data on clinical-radiological characteristics, survival, outcome. The authors report case a 35-year-old female with DHG, G34-mutant characteristics outcomes an unusual presentation, recurrence, prolonged survival. In conclusion,...

Galactosemia is a rare genetic condition caused by mutation of enzymes involved in galactose and glucose metabolism. The varying clinical spectrum reflects the complexity this entity manifesting as acute neonatal toxicity syndrome, requiring prompt diagnosis treatment, to more insidious scenarios observed subacute chronic presentations. current literature predominantly focuses on long-standing sequelae disease. purpose multicenter report comprising 17 patients with galactosemia highlight MR...

To evaluate the quality assurance of mammography results at a reference institution for diagnosis and treatment breast cancer in southern Brazil, based on BIRADS (Breast Imaging Reporting Data System) 5th edition recommendations auditing purposes.Retrospective cohort cross-sectional study with 4502 patients (9668 mammographies)) who underwent least one or both mammographies throughout 2013 regional public hospital, linked to federal university. The were followed until 31 December 2014,...

AIMS: To validate the Brazilian version of Fresno test competence in Evidence-Based Medicine.METHODS: This is a cross-sectional, validation study. Phase 1: translation instrument. 2: translated version, which was tested 70 undergraduate medical students. The psychometric properties evaluated were validity, internal consistency, and sensitivity to change.RESULTS: Overall, validity adequate; most items showed moderate strong significant correlation with total score; there an important...

Morning glory disc anomaly (MGDA) is a congenital malformation characterized by funnel-shaped optic excavation with radiating vessels and central glial tuft. Imaging essential to evaluate associated cephalocele steno-occlusive vasculopathy. The goal of this study was assess nerve, chiasmatic, sphenoid bone morphology in MGDA.

There is a growing interest in using diffusion MRI to study the white matter tracts and structural connectivity of fetal brain. Recent progress data acquisition processing suggests that this imaging modality has unique role elucidating normal abnormal patterns neurodevelopment utero. However, there have been no efforts quantify prevalence crossing bottleneck regions, important issues extensively researched for adult brains. In work, we determined brain regions with bottlenecks between 23 36...