Objective.Together with novel photodetector technologies and emerging electronic front-end designs, scintillator material research is one of the key aspects to obtain ultra-fast timing in time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET). In late 1990s, Cerium-doped lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO:Ce) has been established as state-of-the-art PET due its fast decay time, high light yield stopping power. It shown that co-doping divalent ions, such Ca2+and Mg2+, beneficial for...

For a first characterization, we used the two KETEK-PM3325-WB SiPMs each equipped with 3x3x5 mm${}^3$ LYSO scintillation crystal provided PETsys TOFPET2 ASIC Evaluation Kit. We changed lower of discriminator thresholds (D_T1) in timing branch from vth_t1 = 5 - 30. The overvoltage was varied range 1.25 V 7.25 V. ambient temperature kept at 16{\deg}C. all measurements, performed an energy calibration including correction for saturation. evaluated resolution, coincidence resolving time (CRT)...

Abstract Background Aiming to measure the difference in arrival times of two coincident γ -photons with an accuracy order 200ps, time-of-flight positron emission tomography systems commonly employ silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) and high-resolution digitization electronics, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs). This work evaluates performance TOFPET2 ASIC, released by PETsys Electronics S.A. 2017, dependent on its configuration parameters multi-channel coincidence measurements....

Novel electronic readout schemes of analog silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) have shown impressive timing performance <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\gamma $ </tex-math></inline-formula> -detectors in positron emission tomography (PET). However, transferring these novel concepts to the system level is a key exploit improved coincidence time resolution (CTR) (pre-)clinical imaging. In this...

Future time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET) will be in need of ultrafast scintillation materials, with potential seen cross-luminescence (CL). BaF2, for example, shows a sub-100-ps decay time 300 photons produced per MeV. However, it poses challenges, such as medium radiation length, low photofraction, moderate light yield, and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) around 200nm. Recent developments UV-sensitive solid-state photodetectors (SiPMs) have the to establish CL TOF PET. In this...

Abstract Objective. Integrating time-of-flight (ToF) measurements in radiography and computed tomography (CT) enables an approach for scatter rejection imaging systems that eliminates the need anti-scatter grids, potentially increasing system sensitivity image quality. However, present hardware dedicated to time-correlated measurement of X-rays is limited a small scale low density. A switch highly integrated electronics detectors needed progress towards medium-scale capable acquiring images,...

PET is a functional imaging method that visualizes metabolic processes. TOF information can be derived from coincident detector signals and incorporated into image reconstruction to enhance the SNR. detectors are typically assessed by their CTR, but timing performance degraded various factors. Research on calibration seeks mitigate these degradations restore accurate information. While many methods use analytical approaches, machine learning techniques have recently gained attention due...

PET is a functional imaging method that can visualize metabolic processes and relies on the coincidence detection of emitted annihilation quanta. From signals recorded by coincident detectors, TOF information be derived, usually represented as difference in timestamps. Incorporating into reconstruction enhance image’s SNR. Typically, detectors are assessed based time resolution (CTR) they achieve. However, process affected factors degrade timing performance detectors. Research calibrations...

Abstract Background Over the past five years, ultrafast high-frequency (HF) readout concepts have advanced timing performance of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). The shown impact in time-of-flight (TOF) techniques can further push limits light detection and ranging (LiDAR), positron-emission tomography (TOF-PET), computed (TOF-CT) or high-energy physics (HEP). However, upscaling these electronics to a system-applicable, multi-channel readout, has remained challenging task, posed by use...

Abstract Background Good timing resolution in medical imaging applications such as TOF-CT or TOF-PET can boost image quality patient comfort significantly by reducing the influence of background noise. However, state-of-the-art detectors CT and PET are limited their light emission process. Core-valence cross-luminescence is an alternative, but well-known compounds (e.g. BaF 2 ) pose several problems for applications, wavelength deep UV. CsZnCl-based materials show promise to solve this...

Abstract Medical applications, such as Positron Emission Tomography (PET), and space Light Detection Ranging (LIDAR), are in need of highly specialized ASICs. Weeroc, collaboration with different partners, is involved developing a new generation front-end In the context joined LIDAR project among CNES, Airbus, Weeroc working on development Liroc, an ASIC for application. also advancing ASICs medical applications Radioroc under intended to be used PET applications. This study experimentally...

Abstract Background Positron emission tomography (PET) requires a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to improve image quality, with time-of-flight (TOF) being an effective way boost the SNR. However, scanner sensitivity and resolution must be maintained. The use of axially aligned 100-mm LYSO:Ce,Ca scintillation crystals double-sided readout has potential ground-breaking TOF sensitivity, while reducing parallax errors through depth-of-interaction (DOI) estimation, also allowing reduction in...

In state-of-the-art positron emission (PET) tomography systems, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs)are commonly used to precisely digitize the signals of analog silicon photo-multipliers (SiPMs). However, when operating PET electronics in a magnetic resonance (MR) system, one faces challenge mutual interference these imaging techniques. To prevent signal deterioration along long lines, with low power consumption digitizing close SiPMs are preferred. this study, we evaluate...

Modern PET scanners offer precise TOF information, improving the SNR of reconstructed images. Timing calibrations are performed to reduce worsening effects system components and provide valuable information. Traditional calibration procedures often static or linear corrections, with drawback that higher-order skews event-to-event corrections not addressed. Novel research demonstrated significant improvements in reachable timing resolutions when combining conventional approaches machine...

Resolving the depth of interaction (DOI) a γ-photon in scintillator is necessary to correct for parallax errors organ-dedicated and large-scale time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET) scanners or enable precise recovery Compton-scattered γ-photons. Doubling number readout channels moving towards more complex detector designs are methods encode DOI, often associated with high costs. We propose DOI-capable TOFPET unit concept confining light-sharing two channels, where benefit...

<h3>Background</h3> Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a life-shortening lung disease that leads to significant morbidity in patients. The devastation IPF imposes extends beyond patients: it affects their spouses, loved ones and any other person who might take on the role of informal caregiver (IC) patient. <h3>Objective</h3> aim this study was capture ICs' perspectives how they are affected by having one with IPF. Given vantage, data were also collected perceptions impacted...

Aiming to measure the difference in arrival times of two coincident gamma-photons with an accuracy order 200 ps, time-of-flight positron emission tomography systems commonly employ silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) and high-resolution digitization electronics, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs). This work evaluates performance TOFPET2 ASIC, released by PETsys Electronics S.A. 2017, dependent on its configuration parameters multi-channel coincidence measurements. SiPM arrays...

Ziel/Aim Commercially available hybrid PET/MRI systems designed as whole-body compromise on sensitivity and spatial resolution. The Hyperion III platform provides flexible, MRI-compatible PET electronics to build for specific applications. is organized a tree topology. sensor tile houses photosensors read out attached scintillators. It uses Philips digital SiPMs providing 144 channels 48 × mm2. tiles are connected via flexible cables larger board, which collects the data transmits them...

Functional imaging techniques like positron emission tomography (PET) are an essential tool in aging society. Despite impressive advances microelectronics, photodetectors and scintillation materials, PET is still awaiting a breakthrough terms of reduced cost increased performance. Large potential seen ultraprecise time-of-flight (TOF), aiming at coincidence time resolutions (CTRs) better than 30 ps. However, state-of-the-art TOF-PET systems far away from this goal, achieving typical CTRs 214...