A5048599143- Nonlinear Dynamics and Pattern Formation
- Chronic Disease Management Strategies
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Fluid Dynamics and Thin Films
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Molecular Junctions and Nanostructures
- Theoretical and Computational Physics
- Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Solidification and crystal growth phenomena
- demographic modeling and climate adaptation
- nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions
- Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Computational Geometry and Mesh Generation
- Cellular Automata and Applications
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
University of Southampton
2015-2025
University of Surrey
2001-2018
University of Cambridge
1993-2018
Google (United States)
2012
Northwestern University
1996
Existing insight suggests that maternal effects have a substantial impact on evolution, yet these predictions assume themselves are evolutionarily constant. Hence, it is poorly understood how natural selection shapes in different ecological circumstances. To overcome this, the current study derives an evolutionary model of quantitative genetics context. In constant environments, we show evolve to slight negative values result reduction phenotypic variance (canalization). By contrast,...
From the stripes of a zebra and spots on leopard's back to ripples sandy beach or desert dune, regular patterns arise everywhere in nature. The appearance evolution these phenomena has been focus recent research activity across several disciplines. This book provides an introduction range mathematical theory methods used analyse explain often intricate beautiful patterns. Bringing together different approaches, from group theoretic envelope equations large-aspect ratio-systems, also insight...
Purpose We have established the SAIL MELD-B electronic cohort (e-cohort SMC) and children Young adults e-cohort (SMYC) as a part of Multidisciplinary Ecosystem to study Lifecourse Determinants Prevention Early-onset Burdensome Multimorbidity (MELD-B) project. Each has been created investigate develop deeper understanding lived experience ‘burdensomeness’ multimorbidity by identifying new clusters burdensomeness concepts, exploring early life risk factors modelling hypothetical prevention...
Summary Phenotypes are often environmentally dependent, which requires organisms to track environmental change. The challenge for is construct phenotypes using the most accurate cue. Here, we use a quantitative genetic model of adaptation by additive variance, within‐ and transgenerational plasticity via linear reaction norms indirect effects respectively. We show how relative influence on eventual phenotype these components depends predictability change (fast or slow, sinusoidal stochastic)...
Accurate DNA replication is tightly regulated in eukaryotes to ensure genome stability during cell division and performed by the multi-protein replisome. At core an AAA+ hetero-hexameric complex, Mcm2-7, together with GINS Cdc45 form active replicative helicase Cdc45/Mcm2-7/GINS (CMG). It not clear how this ring translocates on, unwinds, DNA. We measure real-time dynamics of purified recombinant Drosophila melanogaster CMG unwinding single-molecule magnetic tweezers. Our data demonstrates...
Natural selection favours phenotypes that match prevailing ecological conditions. A rapid process of adaptation is therefore required in changing environments. Maternal effects can facilitate such responses, but it currently poorly understood under which circumstances maternal may accelerate or slow down the rate phenotypic evolution. Here, we use a quantitative genetic model, including plasticity and effects, to suggest relationship between fitness variance plays an important role....
Shoulder pain as a result of rotator cuff pathology is one the most common musculoskeletal complaints presenting within primary care. Assessment hand grip strength has been proposed an indicator function. This experimental study assessed relationship between and shoulder lateral muscle in number different positions, aiming to investigate whether such existed could be used functional assessment tool for posterior cuff.Twenty-seven healthy, physically active, volunteers (19 males, eight...
If you work in public health or epidemiology, will be familiar with the term 'modifiable risk factors'.Searching PubMed December 2023 for titles that included risk' returned 1222 results.Expanding this search to include both and abstracts 13,958 results.The often refers behaviours such as smoking, alcohol intake, exercise, diet.However, there does not seem a specific definition of what is classed 'modifiable' context ill health.Although also used refer factors indirectly affecting health,...
Information regarding vaccines from sources such as health services, media, and social networks can significantly shape vaccination decisions. In particular, the dissemination of negative information contribute to vaccine hesitancy, thereby exacerbating infectious disease outbreaks. This study investigates strategies mitigate anti-vaccine contagion through effective counter-campaigns that disseminate positive encourage uptake, aiming reduce size epidemics. a coupled agent-based model...
Background Living with multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs) involves ‘work’. A recent qualitative synthesis identified eight patient-centred work themes: ‘learning and adapting’, ‘accumulation complexity’, ‘investigation monitoring’, ‘health service administration’ ‘symptom’, ‘emotional’, ‘medication’ ‘financial’ work. These themes may be underrepresented in electronic health records (EHRs). This study aimed to evaluate the representation of these their constituent concepts EHR data a...
Abstract Many studies use a reductionist approach to isolate the influence of one factor in childhood on multimorbidity rather than consider combined effect wider determinants. We explored how potential multiple early life determinants can be characterised across three UK cohort studies. used National Child Development Study (NCDS), 1970 British Cohort (BCS70), and Aberdeen Children 1950s (ACONF) identified variables that fit into 12 conceptualised domains multimorbidity. Variables were...
Social, biological and environmental factors in early-life, defined as the period from preconception until age 18, play a role shaping risk of multiple long-term condition multimorbidity. However, there is need to conceptualise these early-life factors, how they relate each other, provide conceptual framing for future research on aetiology modelling prevention scenarios We develop framework characterise population-level domains determinants
Most people living with multiple long-term condition multimorbidity (MLTC-M) are under 65 (defined as 'early onset'). Earlier and greater accrual of conditions (LTCs) may be influenced by the timing nature exposure to key risk factors, wider determinants or other LTCs at different life stages. We have established a research collaboration titled 'MELD-B' understand how determinants, sentinel (the first LTC in lifecourse) sequence affect early-onset, burdensome MLTC-M, inform prevention...
In this paper, we present work on SARS-CoV-2 transmission in UK higher education settings using multiple approaches to assess the extent of university outbreaks, how much those outbreaks may have led spillover community, and expected effects control measures. Firstly, found that distribution universities late 2020 was consistent with importation infection from arriving students. Considering at one university, larger halls residence posed risks for transmission. The dynamics wider communities...
Transgenerational effects are broader than only parental relationships. Despite mounting evidence that multigenerational alter phenotypic and life-history traits, our understanding of how they combine to determine fitness is not well developed because the added complexity necessary study them. Here, we derive a quantitative genetic model adaptation an extraordinary new environment by additive component, plasticity, maternal grandmaternal effects. We show how, at equilibrium, negative...
Abstract Although environmental variability and predictability have been proposed as the underlying ecological context in which transgenerational plasticity ( TGP ) arises, adaptive significance interaction with within‐generation WGP such scenarios is still poorly understood. To investigate these questions, we considered tolerance to upper thermal limits of larvae adults desert endemic Drosophila mojavensis adapted different climatic regions (Desert vs. Mediterranean climate). Thermal was...
Abstract Many studies use a reductionist approach to isolate the influence of one factor in childhood on multimorbidity rather than consider combined effect wider determinants. We explored how potential multiple early-life determinants can be characterised across three UK cohort studies. used National Child Development Study (NCDS), 1970 British Cohort (BCS70), and Aberdeen Children 1950s (ACONF) identified variables that fit into 12 domains multimorbidity. Variables were assigned domains;...
Abstract Background Obesity and hypertension are major public health problems associated with adverse outcomes. To model realistic prevention scenarios inform policy, it may be helpful to conceptualise early lifecourse domains of risk incorporate such information when predicting comorbidity We identify exposures across five pre-hypothesised childhood explore them as predictors obesity in adulthood. Methods The analytical sample included 7858 participants the 1970 British Cohort Study....
Objective To model the referral, diagnostic and treatment pathway for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in English National Health Service (NHS) to provide commissioners managers with a methodology optimise patient flow reduce waiting lists. Study design A systems dynamics approach modelling CVD healthcare system England. The is designed capture current predict future states of Setting Routinely collected, publicly available data streams primary secondary care, sourced from NHS Digital, England,...
We formulate a simple phenomenological model of aeolian sand ripple migration based upon balance between grain hopping driven by saltation and rolling or avalanching under gravity. develop set equations governing the evolution slope. The has solutions describing steadily propagating isolated ripples, produced horizontal flux, periodic trains which when flux is inclined to horizontal. In case an wavelength controlled length shadow zone, as suggested R. P. Sharp [J. Geol. 71, 617 (1963)]....