Background The main German-speaking countries (Germany, Austria, and Switzerland) have implemented digital contact tracing apps to assist the authorities with COVID-19 containment strategies. Low user rates for these can affect and, thus, its usefulness in controlling spread of novel coronavirus. Objective This study aimed assess early perceptions people living compare them frames portrayed newspapers during first wave pandemic. Methods We conducted qualitative interviews 159 participants...

The emergence of ethical concerns surrounding artificial intelligence (AI) has led to an explosion high-level principles being published by a wide range public and private organizations. However, there is need consider how AI developers can be practically assisted anticipate, identify address issues regarding technologies. This particularly important in the development intended for healthcare settings, where applications will often interact directly with patients various states...

Artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare promises to make safer, more accurate, and cost-effective. Public private actors have been investing significant amounts of resources into the field. However, benefit from data-intensive medicine, particularly AI technologies, one must first foremost access data. It has previously argued that conventionally used "consent or anonymize approach" undermines worse, may ultimately harm patients. Yet, this is still a dominant approach European countries...

In order to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, policymakers around globe have increasingly invested in digital health technologies support 'test, track and trace' approach of containing spread novel coronavirus. These include mobile 'contact tracing' applications (apps), which can trace individuals likely come into contact with those who reported symptoms or tested positive for virus request that they self-isolate. This paper takes a critical public perspective advocates 'genuine participation'...

Abstract Background Poor participant recruitment is the most frequent reason for premature discontinuation of randomized clinical trials (RCTs), particularly if they are investigator-initiated. The aims this qualitative study were to investigate (1) views trial stakeholders from three different countries regarding reasons failure in RCTs and (2) how these compare contrast with causes identified a previous systematic review RCT publications. Methods From August 2015 November 2016, we...

In contrast to neighboring countries, German and Swiss authorities refrained from general curfews during the first pandemic wave in spring 2020, calling for solidarity personal responsibility instead. Using a qualitative methodology, this study aims explore why people Germany Switzerland were motivated comply with policy measures of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, what factors hindered or limited their motivation. While quantitative surveys can measure level compliance, broadly...

Abstract Although cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was initially used very selectively at the discretion of clinicians, use CPR rapidly expanded to point that it required be performed on all patients having in‐hospital cardiac arrests, regardless underlying condition. This created problems with being clearly inadvisable for many patients. Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) orders emerged as a means providing transparent process making decisions in advance regarding resuscitation, by and later also...

To explore reasons of non-vaccinated nursing staff for declining seasonal influenza vaccination. The annual vaccination healthcare workers reduces morbidity and mortality among vulnerable patients. Still, rates remain very low, particularly in staff. While several studies have explored barriers to get vaccinated, most used a quantitative approach.Data were collected by in-depth individual semi-structured interviews with 18 nurses from range fields, positions organizational hierarchy, work...

There is an increase in admission rate for elderly patients to the ICU. Mortality rates are lower when more liberal ICU threshold compared restrictive threshold. We sought describe temporal trends admissions and outcomes a tertiary hospital before after addition of 8-bed medical ICU.We conducted retrospective analysis comprehensive longitudinal database, from large center, examining patients' characteristics, severity illness, intensity care mortality over years 2001-2008. The study...

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is very much a global health issue and requires collaborative, international research efforts to address it. A valuable source of information for researchers the large amount digital data that are continuously collected by electronic record systems at care organizations. European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) will be key legal framework with regard using sharing purposes. However, concerns persist GDPR has made many...

Background Medical students will likely be most impacted by the envisaged move to artificial intelligence (AI) driven digital medicine, and there is a need better understand their views regarding use of AI technology in medicine. This study aimed explore German medical students´ about Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted October 2019 with all new at Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Technical Munich. represented approximately 10% Germany. Results total 844 participated (91.9%...

Public perceptions of COVID-19 vaccines are critical in reaching protective levels herd immunity. Vaccine skepticism has always been relatively high Germany, and surveys suggest that over the course pandemic, enthusiasm for vaccine dropped. Looking at period just prior to approval Pfizer/BioNTech Moderna Germany latter half 2020, this paper aims assess reasons against uptake among residents provide in-depth qualitative data better understand address concerns surrounding safety efficacy a...

Politicians, policymakers, and mass media alike have emphasized the importance of solidarity during COVID-19 pandemic, calling for need social cohesion in society to protect risk groups national healthcare systems. In this study, which is part an international Consortium, we analyzed 77 qualitative interviews with members general public Germany German-speaking areas Switzerland on solidaristic behavior its limits first related lockdown April 2020. We found interdependencies between...

Researchers aim to develop polygenic risk scores as a tool prevent and more effectively treat serious diseases, disorders conditions such breast cancer, type 2 diabetes mellitus coronary heart disease. Recently, machine learning techniques, in particular deep neural networks, have been increasingly developed create using electronic health records well genomic other data. While the use of artificial intelligence for may enable greater accuracy, performance prediction, it also presents range...

Abstract Background Imprisonment has a major impact on person’s psychological well-being. The proportion of older imprisoned persons is dramatically increasing worldwide, and they are likely to have greater physical mental health needs compared younger in prisons. However, there currently lack research the stressors coping strategies persons. This study therefore aims explore key experienced by their strategies. Methods Individual semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted between...