A5063941919- Plant and animal studies
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
- Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions
- Natural product bioactivities and synthesis
- Pharmacological Effects of Natural Compounds
- Fungal Biology and Applications
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Methods
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Asymmetric Synthesis and Catalysis
- Sesquiterpenes and Asteraceae Studies
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Ginger and Zingiberaceae research
- Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation
- Synthesis of Organic Compounds
- Garlic and Onion Studies
- Insect Pheromone Research and Control
- Nephrotoxicity and Medicinal Plants
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
2015-2025
Ecological Society of America
2019
John Wiley & Sons (United States)
2019
Wyoming Game and Fish Department
2019
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2019
Abstract Floral chemistry mediates plant interactions with pollinators, pathogens, and herbivores, major consequences for fitness of both plants flower visitors. The outcome such often depends on compound dose chemical context. However, diversity intraspecific variation nectar pollen secondary are known very few species, precluding general statements about their composition. We analyzed methanol extracts flowers, nectar, from 31 cultivated wild including multiple sites cultivars, by...
Summary Invasive species are considered a main driver of pollinator declines, yet the direct effects invasive alien plants on pollinators poorly understood. Abundant, plant can provide copious nectar resource for native pollinators. However, some contains secondary compounds, usually associated with defence against herbivores. The impacts these compounds often unknown. We compared how consumption grayanotoxin I and III , natural in Rhododendron ponticum L., affected three bee species:...
Floral chemistry mediates plant interactions with herbivores, pathogens, and pollinators. The of floral nectar pollen, the primary food rewards for pollinators, can affect both reproduction pollinator health. Although existence functional significance pollen secondary metabolites has long been known, comprehensive quantitative characterizations exist only a few species. Moreover, little is known about intraspecific variation in chemical profiles. Because ecological effects chemicals are...
Phytosterols are primary plant metabolites that have fundamental structural and regulatory functions. They also essential nutrients for phytophagous insects, including pollinators, cannot synthesize sterols. Despite the well-described composition diversity in vegetative tissues, few studies examined phytosterol pollen. We quantified 25 pollen phytosterols 122 species (105 genera, 51 families) to determine their across taxa. searched literature databases phylogeny, environmental conditions,...
Crop domestication can lead to weakened expression of plant defences, with repercussions for herbivore and pathogen susceptibility. However, little is known about how alters traits that mediate other important ecological interactions in crops, such as pollination. Secondary metabolites, which underpin many defence responses plants, also occur widely nectar pollen influence plant-pollinator interactions. Thus, may affect secondary compounds floral rewards, potential consequences pollinators....
Abstract Establishing how plants contribute food and refuge to insects can be challenging for small species that are difficult observe in their natural habitat, such as disease vectoring mosquitoes. Currently indirect methods of plant-host identification rely on DNA sequencing ingested plant material but often unsuccessful feed primarily sugars or have little contact with cells. Here we developed an innovative approach determine species-specific phytophagy by detecting taxon-specific...
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is an important food and cash crop in many countries. Bean yields sub-Saharan Africa are on average 50% lower than the global average, which largely due to severe problems with pests diseases as well poor soil fertility exacerbated by low-input smallholder production systems. Recent on-farm research eastern has shown that commonly available plants pesticidal properties can successfully manage arthropod pests. However, reducing common yield gaps still requires...
Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (fenugreek), a member of the legume family (Fabaceae), is promising source bioactive phytochemicals, which explains its traditional use for variety metabolic disorders including cancer. The current study aimed to evaluate extracts fenugreek seeds and sprouts, some their constituents, compare cytotoxic antiproliferative activities in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. were chemically characterised using high-resolution accurate mass liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry...
Antimicrobial nectar secondary metabolites can support pollinator health by preventing or reducing parasite infections. To better understand the outcome of metabolite–parasite interactions in pollinators, we determined whether antiparasitic activity was altered through chemical modification host resident microbiome during gut passage. We investigated this interaction with linden ( Tilia spp.) and strawberry tree Arbutus unedo ) compounds . Unedone from A. inhibited common bumblebee Crithidia...
Besides feeding on blood, females of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae sensu lato readily feed natural sources plant sugars. The impact toxic secondary phytochemicals contained in plant-derived sugars mosquito physiology and development Plasmodium parasites remains elusive. focus this study was to explore influence alkaloid ricinine, found nectar castor bean Ricinus communis, ability mosquitoes transmit falciparum.Females its sibling species coluzzii were exposed ricinine through sugar...
Tephrosia vogelii is a plant species chemically characterized by the presence of entomotoxic rotenoids and used widely across Africa as botanical pesticide. Phytochemical analysis was conducted to establish abundance bioactive principles in this three countries East Africa: Tanzania, Kenya, Malawi. Analysis methanolic extracts foliar parts T. revealed occurrence two distinct chemotypes that were separated one, flavanones flavones are not against insects on other. Specifically, chemotype 1...
Emergent infectious diseases are one of the main drivers species loss. infection with microsporidian Nosema bombi has been implicated in population and range declines a suite North American bumblebees, group important pollinators. Previous work shown that phytochemicals found pollen nectar can negatively impact parasites individuals, but how this relates to social epidemiology by extension whether plants be effectively used as pollinator disease management strategies remains unexplored....
Grayanotoxin I (GTX I) is a major toxin in leaves of Rhododendron species, where it provides defence against insect and vertebrate herbivores. Surprisingly, also present R. ponticum nectar, this can hold important implications for plant-pollinator mutualisms. However, knowledge GTX distributions across the genus different plant materials currently limited, despite ecological function toxin. Here we characterise expression leaves, petals, nectar seven species. Our results indicated...
From a culture of the fungus Marasmius alliaceus(Jacques ex Fr.) Fr. alliacolide, new sesquiterpene hydroxy-epoxy-lactone, C15H22O4, has been isolated; its structure, which established by X-ray diffraction analysis, carbon skeleton.
Herbivore defence mechanisms are a costly diversion of resources away from growth and reproduction. Thus time-limited tissue specific expression in critical plant parts is more efficient as defined by optimal theory. Surprisingly little known about Rhododendron herbivore but it may be mediated combined chemical physical mechanisms. simsii Planch. survives cyclic infestations leaf-feeding thrips, Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (Bouché), which severely damage mature leaves avoid terminal young...
This study provides first evidence of a thrips species pollinating Sambucus nigra and describes how interactions are driven by plant biochemical signalling moderated temporal changes in floral chemistry. The concept flower-feeding as insects temperate regions is rarely considered they more frequently regarded to be destructive florivores feeding on pollen surrounding tissue. Combining laboratory field-based studies we examined between (elderflower) Thrips major within their native range...
The sesquiterpenoids, alliacolide II (alliacol A)(2), 12-hydroxydehydroalliacolide B)(3), 12-noralliacolide (5), 11- and 12-hydroxyalliacolide (6) (7), respectively, alliacide (8) have been isolated from Marasmius alliaceus their structures established by a combination of spectra chemistry.
Polyacetylenes have been detected in sporophores of five Basidiomycete species. The new hydroxy-acids, HO·CH2·CH[graphic omitted]CH·[CC]2·CH2·CH2·CO2H and omitted]CH·[CC]2·CH[graphic omitted]CH·CO2H, were found Fistulina hepatica isolated as the methyl esters.
Food security in developing countries is threatened by crop pests and ectoparasites livestock. Strategies for their management still rely on synthetic pesticides which are not always effective the active ingredients persist environment with negative consequences beneficial arthropods, farmers consumers, hence necessitating research sustainable alternatives. Botanical insecticides increasingly relevant, typically having lower impacts users, consumers environment. One example southern African...
The new polyacetylene HO·H2C·[CC]2·CH[graphic omitted]CH·CO2H and p-(methylamimo)benzaldehyde, not found previously as a fungal metabolite, have been detected together with known natural polyacetylenes in extracts from culture fluids of C. virgineus. Hygrophoraceae species reported producers. synthesis some the is described.
cis- and trans-1-Trimethylsilyl-pent-3-en-1-yne, -hex-3-en-1-yne, -hept-3-en-1-yne have been prepared by fractional distillation of their cis–trans-mixtures shown to provide a convenient route for the synthesis corresponding stereoisomeric terminal acetylenes.