A5024449007- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Ethnobotanical and Medicinal Plants Studies
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Pharmacological Effects of Natural Compounds
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Natural product bioactivities and synthesis
- Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
- African Botany and Ecology Studies
- Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases
- Moringa oleifera research and applications
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Traditional and Medicinal Uses of Annonaceae
- Phytochemistry and Bioactivity Studies
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé
2016-2025
Centre international de recherche-développement sur l'elevage en zone subhumide
2020-2024
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique
2016-2024
Centre Muraz
2016-2024
Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Écologie, Génétique, Évolution et Contrôle
2024
Université de Montpellier
2024
Università di Camerino
2010-2012
University of Milan
2008
Abstract Malaria reduction is most efficiently achieved by vector control whereby human populations at high risk of contracting and transmitting the disease are protected from mosquito bites. Here, we identify presence antibiotics in blood malaria-infected people as a new increasing transmission. We show that ingested enhance susceptibility Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes to malaria infection disturbing their gut microbiota. This effect confirmed semi-natural setting feeding with children...
BackgroundRecently, we found that a new malaria vaccine, R21/Matrix-M, had over 75% efficacy against clinical with seasonal administration in phase 2b trial Burkina Faso. Here, report on safety and of the vaccine 3 enrolling 4800 children across four countries followed for up to 18 months at sites 12 standard sites.MethodsWe did double-blind, randomised, R21/Matrix-M five African differing transmission intensities seasonality. Children (aged 5–36 months) were enrolled randomly assigned (2:1)...
Abstract P. falciparum phenotypic plasticity is linked to the variant expression of clonal multigene families such as var genes. We have examined changes in transcription and histone modifications that occur during sporogonic development mosquito host. All genes are silenced or transcribed at low levels blood stages (gametocyte/ring) parasite human After infection mosquitoes, a single gene selected for oocyst, this increases dramatically sporozoite. The same PF3D7_1255200 was activated 4...
<h2>Summary</h2><h3>Background</h3> Seasonal vaccination with the RTS,S/AS01<sub>E</sub> vaccine combined seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) prevented in young children more effectively than either intervention given alone over a 3 year period. The objective of this study was to establish whether added protection provided by combination could be sustained for further 2 years. <h3>Methods</h3> This double-blind, individually randomised, controlled, non-inferiority and superiority, phase...
Host age variation is a striking source of heterogeneity that can shape the evolution and transmission dynamic pathogens. Compared with vertebrate systems, our understanding impact host on invertebrate–pathogen interactions remains limited. We examined influence mosquito key life-history traits driving human malaria transmission. Females Anopheles coluzzii , major vector, belonging to three classes (4-, 8- 12-day-old), were experimentally infected Plasmodium falciparum field isolates. Our...
The evaluation of transmission reducing interventions (TRI) to control malaria widely uses membrane feeding assays. In such assays, the intensity Plasmodium infection in vector might affect measured efficacy candidates block transmission. Gametocyte density host blood is a determinant success mosquito, however, uncertain estimates parasite densities and intrinsic characteristics infected can induce variability. To reduce this variation, feasible method dilute infectious samples. We describe...
The ecological context in which mosquitoes and malaria parasites interact has received little attention, compared to the genetic molecular aspects of transmission. Plant nectar fruits are important for nutritional ecology vectors, but how natural diversity plant-derived sugar sources affects mosquito competence is unclear. To test this, we infected Anopheles coluzzi, an African vector, with sympatric field isolates Plasmodium falciparum, using direct membrane feeding assays. Through a series...
In Burkina Faso, malaria remains the overall leading cause of morbidity and mortality accounting for 35.12% consultations, 40.83% hospitalizations 37.5% deaths. Genotyping parasite populations an important tool to determine types number clones in infection. The present study aimed evaluate merozoite surface protein 1 (msp1) 2 (msp2) genetic diversity allele frequencies Bobo-Dioulasso, Faso. Dried blood spots (DBS) were collected at baseline from patients with uncomplicated urban health...
The success of current control tools in combatting malaria vectors is well established. However, sustained residual transmission Plasmodium parasites persists. Mass drug administration (MDA) to humans the endectocide ivermectin for vector receiving increasing attention. feeding upon animals escape this promising approach. Zoophagy mosquitoes sustains both population and endemic vector-borne pathogens. Therefore, only a strategy that will combine MDAs targeted at their peridomestic could be...
Mass administration of azithromycin for trachoma control led to a sustained reduction in all-cause mortality among Ethiopian children. Whether the addition monthly sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine used seasonal malaria chemoprevention could reduce and morbidity African children was unclear.
Abstract Background Microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained blood films remains the reference standard for malaria parasite detection and quantification, but is undermined by difficulties in ensuring high-quality manual reading inter-reader reliability. Automated quantification may address this issue. Methods A multi-centre, observational study was conducted during 2018 2019 at 11 sites to assess performance EasyScan Go, a microscopy device employing machine-learning-based image analysis....
Eight known and two new triterpenoid derivatives, neemfruitins A (9) B (10), have been isolated from the fruits of neem, Azadirachta indica, a traditional antimalarial plant used by Asian African populations. In vitro antiplasmodial tests evidenced significant activity gedunin azadirone neemfruitin provided useful information about structure−antimalarial relationships in limonoid class.
The wide use of gametocytocidal artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) lead to a reduction Plasmodium falciparum transmission in several African endemic settings. An increased impact on malaria burden may be achieved through the development improved transmission-blocking formulations, including molecules complementing effects artemisinin derivatives and/or acting stages developing vector. Azadirachtin, limonoid (tetranortriterpenoid) abundant neem (Azadirachta indica, Meliaceae) seeds,...
Medicinal plants are a validated source for discovery of new leads and standardized herbal medicines. The aim this study was to assess the activity Vernonia amygdalina leaf extracts isolated compounds against gametocytes sporogonic stages Plasmodium berghei validate findings on field isolates falciparum. Aqueous (Ver-H2O) ethanolic (Ver-EtOH) were tested in vivo sexual asexual blood stage P. parasites. In transmission blocking effects Ver-EtOH Ver-H2O estimated by assessing oocyst prevalence...
In the fight against malaria, transmission blocking interventions (TBIs) such as vaccines or drugs, are promising approaches to complement conventional tools. They aim prevent infection of vectors and thereby reduce subsequent exposure a human population infectious mosquitoes. The effectiveness these has been shown depend on initial intensity in mosquitoes, often measured mean number oocysts resulting from an blood meal absence intervention. mosquitoes exposed high infection, current TBI...
Abstract The recently deployed RTS,S/AS01 E malaria vaccine induces a strong antibody response to the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) on surface of Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite which is associated with protection. anti-CSP titre falls rapidly after primary vaccination, decline in efficacy, but and protective can be partially restored by booster dose vaccine, this also transitory. In many malaria- endemic areas Africa, children are at risk malaria, including severe until they five years...
<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background:</bold> In aquatic larval habitats, <italic>Anopheles</italic> larvae are subject to the predatory activity of macroinvertebrates. These macroinvertebrates may play a key role in populations bioregulation habitats and malaria control. There few studies characterising macroinvertebrate predators other coexisting with Burkina Faso. This study aimed at evaluating different interactions between anopheline mosquito larvae, co-habitants three climatic areas...
Infection by the human malaria parasite leads to important changes in mosquito phenotypic traits related vector competence. However, we still lack a clear understanding of underlying mechanisms and, particular, epigenetic basis for these changes. We have examined genome-wide distribution maps H3K27ac, H3K9ac, H3K9me3 and H3K4me3 ChIP-seq transcriptome RNA-seq, midguts from Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes blood-fed uninfected infected with natural isolates Plasmodium falciparum Burkina Faso....
Abstract Transmission-blocking vaccines that interrupt malaria transmission from humans to mosquitoes are being tested in early clinical trials. The activity of such a vaccine is commonly evaluated using membrane-feeding assays. Understanding the field efficacy requires knowledge how heavily infected wild, naturally blood-fed are, as this indicates difficult it will be block transmission. Here we use data on collected Burkina Faso translate laboratory-estimated into an estimated field. A...
Abstract Background. The gut microbiota of malaria vector mosquitoes grows after a blood meal and limits Plasmodium infection. We previously showed that penicillin streptomycin in the ingested affect bacterial growth positively impact mosquito survival permissiveness to Plasmodium. In this study, we examine effects doxycycline, azithromycin, co-trimoxazole. All 3 antibiotics are used mass drug administration programs have antimicrobial activities against bacteria various stages parasites....
Medicinal plant research may contribute to develop new pharmacological control tools for vector borne diseases, such as malaria.
The population dynamics of human to mosquito malaria transmission in the field has important implications for genetics, epidemiology and control malaria. number oocysts oocyst-positive mosquitoes developing from a single, naturally acquired infectious blood meal (herein referred as single-feed infection load) greatly influences efficacy blocking interventions but still remains poorly documented. During year-long analysis parasite Burkina Faso we caught dissected wild vectors assess...
Background Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) is now widely deployed in the Sahel, including several countries that are major contributors to global burden of malaria. Consequently, it important understand whether SMC continues provide a high level protection and how might be improved. was evaluated using data from large, household-randomised trial Houndé, Burkina Faso Bougouni, Mali. Methods findings The parent monthly plus either azithromycin (AZ) or placebo, administered as directly...
The spread of insecticide resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes and drug Plasmodium parasites is contributing to a global resurgence malaria, making the generation control tools that can overcome these roadblocks an urgent public health priority. We recently showed transmission falciparum be efficiently blocked when exposing gambiae females antimalarials deposited on treated surface, with no negative consequences major components mosquito fitness. Here, we demonstrate this approach hurdles...