A5088201034- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Diverse Scientific Research Studies
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Global Health and Surgery
- Travel-related health issues
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2017-2023
University of London
2017-2022
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute
2009-2020
University of Basel
2011-2013
Malaria control remains a challenge in many parts of the Sahel and sub-Sahel regions Africa.We conducted an individually randomized, controlled trial to assess whether seasonal vaccination with RTS,S/AS01E was noninferior chemoprevention preventing uncomplicated malaria two interventions combined were superior either one alone severe malaria-related outcomes.We randomly assigned 6861 children 5 17 months age receive sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine amodiaquine (2287 [chemoprevention-alone group]),...
<h2>Summary</h2><h3>Background</h3> Seasonal vaccination with the RTS,S/AS01<sub>E</sub> vaccine combined seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) prevented in young children more effectively than either intervention given alone over a 3 year period. The objective of this study was to establish whether added protection provided by combination could be sustained for further 2 years. <h3>Methods</h3> This double-blind, individually randomised, controlled, non-inferiority and superiority, phase...
Mass administration of azithromycin for trachoma control led to a sustained reduction in all-cause mortality among Ethiopian children. Whether the addition monthly sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine used seasonal malaria chemoprevention could reduce and morbidity African children was unclear.
Background A wide spectrum of disease severity has been described for Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) due to Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (T.b. rhodesiense), ranging from chronic patterns in southern countries East Africa an increase virulence towards the north. However, only limited data on clinical presentation T.b. HAT is available. From 2006-2009 we conducted first trial program (Impamel III) endemic areas Tanzania and Uganda accordance with international standards (ICH-GCP). The...
Objective Assessment of the safety and efficacy a 10-day melarsoprol schedule in second stage T.b. rhodesiense patients effect suramin-pretreatment on incidence encephalopathic syndrome (ES) during therapy. Design Sequential conduct proof-of-concept trial (n = 60) utilization study 78) using historic controls as comparator. Setting Two centres endemic regions Tanzania Uganda. Participants: Consenting with confirmed disease minimum age 6 years were eligible for participation. Unconscious...
Background Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) is now widely deployed in the Sahel, including several countries that are major contributors to global burden of malaria. Consequently, it important understand whether SMC continues provide a high level protection and how might be improved. was evaluated using data from large, household-randomised trial Houndé, Burkina Faso Bougouni, Mali. Methods findings The parent monthly plus either azithromycin (AZ) or placebo, administered as directly...
ABSTRACT We analyzed DNA eluted from FTA (Flinders Technology Associates) cards spotted with blood human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) patients admitted at Lwala Hospital in eastern Uganda and Kaliua Health Centre northwestern Tanzania. The aims were to evaluate loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for detection of trypanosomal clinical samples characterize the infecting trypanosomes subspecies level. LAMP targeting Trypanozoon conserved random inserted mobile element (RIME-LAMP)...
Artemisinin-based combination treatment (ACT) has been widely adopted as one of the main malaria control strategies. However, its promise to save thousands lives in sub-Saharan Africa depends on how effective use ACT is within routine health system. The INESS platform evaluated coverage several African countries. Timely access 24 hours an authorized outlet determinants and was assessed for artemether-lumefantrine (Alu), two district systems rural Tanzania. From October 2009 June 2011we...
Use of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT), such as artemether-lumefantrine (AL), requires a strict dosing schedule that follows the drugs' pharmacokinetic properties. The quality malaria case management was assessed in two areas rural Tanzania, to ascertain patient characteristics and facility-specific factors influence correct AL for uncomplicated malaria.Exit interviews were conducted with patients attending health facilities initial illness consultation. Information about...
In India, the recommended first-line treatment for malaria in second and third trimester of pregnancy is artesunate + sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (AS+SP). However, data on safety efficacy artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) limited. This study assessed AS+SP mefloquine (AS+MQ) Plasmodium falciparum India. open-label, randomized clinical trial was conducted from October 2010 to December 2013 at three sites India (Ranchi Jamshedpur Jharkhand state, Rourkela Odisha state). Pregnant women...
Introduction Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC), with sulphadoxine–pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine (SP+AQ) is effective but does not provide complete protection against clinical malaria. The RTS,S/AS01 E vaccine provides a high level of shortly after vaccination, this wanes rapidly. Such could be an alternative or additive to SMC. This trial aims determine whether seasonal vaccination SMC and combination the two interventions would added benefits. Methods analysis individually randomised,...
Mass drug administration (MDA) with azithromycin (AZ) is being considered as a strategy to promote child survival in sub-Saharan Africa, but the mechanism by which AZ reduces mortality unclear. To better understand nature and extent of protection provided AZ, we explored profile time since administration, using data from household-randomized, placebo-controlled trial Burkina Faso Mali.
The control of malaria in pregnancy (MiP) India relies on testing women who present with symptoms or signs suggestive malaria. We hypothesised that intermittent screening and treatment for at each antenatal care visit (ISTp) would improve this approach reduce the adverse effects MiP.A cluster randomised controlled trial comparing ISTp versus passive case detection (PCD) was conducted Jharkhand state. Pregnant all parities a gestational age 18-28 weeks were enrolled. Women group screened...
Abstract Background Malaria and malnutrition remain major problems in Sahel countries, especially young children. The direct effect of on malaria remains poorly understood, may have important implications for control. In this study, nutritional status the association between subsequent incidence symptomatic were examined children Burkina Faso Mali who received either azithromycin or placebo, alongside seasonal chemoprevention. Methods Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) was measured all...
A trial in African children showed that combining seasonal vaccination with the RTS,S/AS01E vaccine malaria chemoprevention reduced incidence of uncomplicated and severe compared either intervention given alone. Here, we report on anti-circumsporozoite antibody response to this trial.Sera from a randomly selected subset collected before 1 month after 3 priming doses 2 booster were tested for antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The association between post-vaccination titer...
Abstract Objective A trial was conducted in Burkina Faso and Mali to investigate whether addition of azithromycin the antimalarials used for seasonal malaria chemoprevention reduces mortality hospital admissions children. We tested sensitivity nasal isolates Streptococcus pneumoniae obtained during this other antibiotics. Methods Azithromycin or placebo administered monthly, combination with chemoprevention, four months, over annual transmission seasons 2014, 2015, 2016. Nasopharyngeal swabs...
Mass administration of azithromycin has reduced mortality in children sub-Saharan Africa but its mode action is not well characterised. A recent trial found that given alongside seasonal malaria chemoprevention was associated with a reduction or hospital admissions young children. We investigated the effect on nutritional status enrolled this study.A total 19 578 Burkina Faso and Mali were randomised to receive either placebo sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine monthly for three...
<section class="abstract"> This study evaluated intermittent screening and treatment during pregnancy (ISTp) for malaria using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) at antenatal care (ANC) compared with passive case detection within the routine health system. The mixed-method evaluation included two cross-sectional household surveys (pre- post-implementation of ISTp), in-depth interviews workers, focus group discussions (FGDs) pregnant women. Differences in proportions between a number outcomes were...
Mass drug administration (MDA) with azithromycin (AZ) has been used successfully to control trachoma. However, several studies have shown that MDA AZ led the emergence of resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae. The also observed when this antibiotic was combined antimalarials for seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC). development resistance, including AZ, is sometimes associated a bacterial clone belongs specific serotype. We hypothesize increase S. pneumoniae after 3 years SMC might be...
Abstract Background A recent trial in Burkina Faso and Mali showed that combining seasonal RTS,S/AS01 E malaria vaccination with chemoprevention (SMC) substantially reduced the incidence of uncomplicated severe young children compared to either intervention alone. Given possible negative effect on nutrition, study investigated whether these also experienced lower prevalence acute chronic malnutrition. Methods In 5920 were randomized receive SMC alone, or combined for three transmission...