A5027511873- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases
- Travel-related health issues
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Complement system in diseases
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Burkholderia infections and melioidosis
- Heme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide
- Helminth infection and control
- Pharmaceutical Quality and Counterfeiting
- Methemoglobinemia and Tumor Lysis Syndrome
- Research Data Management Practices
- Kidney Stones and Urolithiasis Treatments
Shoklo Malaria Research Unit
2013-2025
Mahidol University
2012-2025
Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit
2012-2025
University of Lagos
2019
University of Utah
2018
Rice University
2018
University of California, Irvine
2018
Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology
2018
University of Minnesota
2018
Inserm
2018
Background Artemisinin combination treatments (ACT) are recommended as first line treatment for falciparum malaria throughout the affected world. We reviewed efficacy of a 3-day regimen mefloquine and artesunate (MAS3), over 13 year period continuous deployment first-line in camps displaced persons clinics migrant population along Thai-Myanmar border. Methods Findings 3,264 patients were enrolled prospective trials between 1995 2007 treated with MAS3. The proportion parasitaemia persisting...
Background. Deployment of mefloquine–artesunate (MAS3) on the Thailand–Myanmar border has led to a sustained reduction in falciparum malaria, although antimalarial efficacy declined substantially recent years. The role Plasmodium K13 mutations (a marker artemisinin resistance) reducing treatment remains controversial. Methods. Between 2003 and 2013, we studied MAS3 1005 patients with uncomplicated P. malaria relation molecular markers resistance. Results. Polymerase chain reaction...
BackgroundPotentially untreatable Plasmodium falciparum malaria threatens the Greater Mekong subregion. A previous series of pilot projects in Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam suggested that mass drug administration was safe, when added to provision early diagnosis treatment, could reduce reservoir P interrupts transmission. We examined effects a scaled-up programme this strategy four townships eastern Myanmar on incidence malaria.MethodsThe implemented Myawaddy, Kawkareik, Hlaingbwe,...
The Greater Mekong subregion is a recurrent source of antimalarial drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria. This study aimed to characterise the extent and spread across this entire region between 2007 2018.
In acute malaria, red blood cells (RBCs) that have been parasitized, but no longer contain a malaria parasite, are found in the circulation (ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen [RESA]-RBCs). These thought to arise by splenic removal of dead or damaged intraerythrocytic parasites and return intact RBCs circulation. study 5 patients with falciparum who had previously undergone splenectomy, it was none these any circulating RESA-RBCs, contrast uniform finding RESA-RBCs all spleens....
Genuine hologram has the legend 'GUILIN PHARMA' here.Visible with naked eye, as a thin strip below waves.Letters are ~ 0.1mm high The photograph, left, is of genuine attached to blister packs and packets 'Guilin Pharma' artesunate.Below pictures 11 types fake artesunate stickers & holograms their distinguishing features.As colour depends on light, please do not use colours printed here judge whether or Guilin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.developed security device in response first type ('Type 1')...
Background The Shoklo Malaria Research Unit has been working on the Thai–Myanmar border for 25 y providing early diagnosis and treatment (EDT) of malaria. Transmission Plasmodium falciparum declined, but resistance to artesunate emerged. We expanded malaria activities through EDT evaluated impact over a 12-y period. Methods Findings Between 1 October 1999 30 September 2011, increased number cross-border (Myanmar side) health facilities from two 11 recorded consultations. Changes in incidence...
Sensitive field-deployable diagnostic tests can assist malaria programs in achieving elimination. The performance of a new Alere™ Malaria Ag P.f Ultra rapid test (uRDT) was compared with the currently available SD Bioline RDT blood specimens from asymptomatic individuals Nagongera, Uganda, and Karen Village, Myanmar, representative high- low-transmission areas, respectively, as well pretreatment study participants four Plasmodium falciparum-induced blood-stage (IBSM) studies. A quantitative...
Background The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) threatens global malaria elimination efforts. Mass drug administration (MDA), presumptive antimalarial treatment an entire population to clear subclinical parasite reservoir, is a strategy accelerate elimination. We report cluster randomised trial assess effectiveness dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) MDA reducing incidence prevalence 16 remote village populations Myanmar,...
Background Radical cure of Plasmodium vivax malaria with 8-aminoquinolines (primaquine or tafenoquine) is complicated by haemolysis in individuals glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. G6PD heterozygous females, because individual variation the pattern X-chromosome inactivation (Lyonisation) erythroid cells, may have low activity majority their erythrocytes, yet are usually reported as “normal” current phenotypic screening tests. Their haemolytic risk when treated has not been...
The optical microscope remains a widely-used tool for diagnosis and quantitation of malaria. An automated system that can match the performance well-trained technicians is motivated by shortage trained microscopists. We have developed computer vision leverages deep learning to identify malaria parasites in micrographs standard, field-prepared thick blood films. prototype application diagnoses P. falciparum with sufficient accuracy achieve competency level 1 World Health Organization external...
Background Early diagnosis and treatment with artesunate-mefloquine combination therapy (MAS) have reduced the transmission of falciparum malaria dramatically halted progression mefloquine resistance in camps for displaced persons along Thai-Burmese border, an area low seasonal multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. We extended same drug strategy to all other communities (estimated population 450,000) living five border districts Tak province northwestern Thailand. Methods Findings...
Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) is a fixed-combination antimalarial drug increasingly deployed in Southeast Asia. The current regimen involves 4 doses given over 3 days. Simplification of the dose should facilitate treatment adherence and thereby increase effectiveness.In randomized, controlled, 3-arm trial conducted along northwestern border Thailand, standard 4-dose course DP (DP4) was compared to an equivalent as once-daily (DP3) mefloquine-artesunate (MAS3).A total 499 patients were...
Introduction Maternal mortality is high in developing countries, but there are few data high-risk groups such as migrants and refugees malaria-endemic areas. Trends maternal were followed over 25 years antenatal clinics prospectively established an area with low seasonal transmission on the north-western border of Thailand. Methods Findings All medical records from women who attended Shoklo Malaria Research Unit 12th May 1986 to 31st December 2010 reviewed, death analyzed for causality....
Background Deworming is recommended by the WHO in girls and pregnant lactating women to reduce anaemia areas where hookworm are common. There conflicting evidence on harm benefits of intestinal geohelminth infections incidence severity malaria, consequently risks deworming malaria affected populations. We examined association between geohelminths pregnancy Thai-Burmese border. Methodology Routine antenatal care (ANC) included active detection (weekly blood smear) (second weekly haematocrit)...
<ns4:p><ns4:bold>Background: </ns4:bold>Artemisinin and partner drug-resistant falciparum malaria is expanding over the Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS). Eliminating in GMS while drugs still retain enough efficacy could prevent global spread of antimalarial resistance. rapidly requires targeting reservoir asymptomatic parasite carriers.</ns4:p><ns4:p> This pilot trial aimed to evaluate acceptability, safety, feasibility effectiveness mass-drug administration (MDA) reducing four villages...
Microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained blood films remains a major form diagnosis in malaria case management, and is reference standard for research. However, as with other visualization-based diagnoses, accuracy depends on individual technician performance, making standardization difficult reliability poor. Automated image recognition based machine-learning, utilizing convolutional neural networks, offers potential to overcome these drawbacks. A prototype digital microscope device...
Chloroquine has been recommended for Plasmodium vivax infections >60 years, but resistance is increasing. To guide future therapies, the cumulative benefits of using slowly eliminated (chloroquine) vs rapidly (artesunate) antimalarials, and risks adding radical cure (primaquine) were assessed in a 3-way randomized comparison conducted on Thailand-Myanmar border.
Chloroquine or dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine with either 7- 14-day primaquine regimens provided highly effective radical cure of vivax malaria on the Thailand-Myanmar border. Short course higher dose for may improve efficacy by improving adherence.
In the Greater Mekong Subregion in Southeast Asia, malaria elimination strategies need to target all Plasmodium falciparum parasites, including those carried asymptomatically. More than 70% of asymptomatic carriers are not detected by current rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) or microscopy. An HRP2-based ultrasensitive RDT (uRDT) developed improve detection low-density infections was evaluated during prevalence surveys within a program low-transmission area eastern Myanmar. Surveys were...
Abstract Background Manual microscopy remains a widely-used tool for malaria diagnosis and clinical studies, but it has inconsistent quality in the field due to variability training practices. Automated diagnostic systems based on machine learning hold promise improve reproducibility of microscopy. The World Health Organization (WHO) designed 55-slide set (WHO 55) their External Competence Assessment Malaria Microscopists (ECAMM) programme, which can also serve as valuable benchmark...
Abstract Background Microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained blood films remains the reference standard for malaria parasite detection and quantification, but is undermined by difficulties in ensuring high-quality manual reading inter-reader reliability. Automated quantification may address this issue. Methods A multi-centre, observational study was conducted during 2018 2019 at 11 sites to assess performance EasyScan Go, a microscopy device employing machine-learning-based image analysis....
Summary Background Adherence to antimalarial drug regimens is improved by simple dosing. If the fixed combination artemether–lumefantrine (AL) could be given once daily, this should improve adherence and thus effectiveness lower risk of selecting for resistance. Methods In an open randomized study, 43 patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria were equivalent doses AL 200 ml flavoured milk either as conventional twice‐daily regimen or a single daily dose 3 days. The primary end point was...