Thomas J. Peto
A5048691393- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Travel-related health issues
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Cambodian History and Society
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases
- Ethics in Clinical Research
Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit
2016-2025
Mahidol University
2016-2025
University of Oxford
2016-2025
Angkor Hospital for Children
2019
University College London
2018
Medical Research Council
2013-2018
National University of Singapore
2018
Churchill Hospital
2018
Kenya Medical Research Institute
2017
Oxford Research (Norway)
2015
The emergence and spread of resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria to artemisinin combination therapies the Greater Mekong subregion poses a major threat control elimination. current study is part multi-country, open-label, randomised clinical trial (TRACII, 2015-18) evaluating efficacy, safety, tolerability triple therapies. A very high rate treatment failure after with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine was observed Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam. immediate public health importance our...
BackgroundA multidrug-resistant co-lineage of Plasmodium falciparum malaria, named KEL1/PLA1, spread across Cambodia in 2008–13, causing high rates treatment failure with the frontline combination therapy dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine. Here, we report on evolution and KEL1/PLA1 subsequent years.MethodsFor this genomic epidemiology study, analysed whole genome sequencing data from P clinical samples collected patients malaria between 2007 2018 Cambodia, Laos, northeastern Thailand, Vietnam,...
Artemisinin and partner-drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum are major threats to malaria control elimination. Triple artemisinin-based combination therapies (TACTs), which combine existing co-formulated ACTs with a second partner drug that is slowly eliminated, might provide effective treatment delay emergence of antimalarial resistance.
The importance of the submicroscopic reservoir Plasmodium infections for malaria elimination depends on its size, which is generally considered small in low transmission settings. precise estimation this requires more sensitive parasite detection methods. prevalence asymptomatic, sub-microscopic was assessed by a sensitive, high blood volume quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction method three countries Greater Mekong Sub-region. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted villages...
The Greater Mekong subregion is a recurrent source of antimalarial drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria. This study aimed to characterise the extent and spread across this entire region between 2007 2018.
In Southeast Asia, Plasmodium knowlesi, a parasite of long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis), is an important cause human malaria. cynomolgi also commonly infects these monkeys, but only one naturally acquired symptomatic case has been reported previously.Malariometric studies involving 5422 subjects (aged 6 months to 65 years) were conducted in 23 villages Pailin and Battambang, western Cambodia. Parasite detection genotyping was on blood samples, using high-volume quantitative PCR...
To determine the duration of protection from hepatitis B vaccine given in infancy and early childhood asses risk factors for HBV infection chronic infection.In 1984 infant vaccination was started two Gambian villages. Cross sectional serological surveys have been undertaken every 4 years to efficacy. In current survey 84.6% 1508 eligible participants aged 1-28 were tested. A spouse study conducted females (aged 14 above) their male partners.Vaccine efficacy against with virus 95.1% (95%...
Background The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) threatens global malaria elimination efforts. Mass drug administration (MDA), presumptive antimalarial treatment an entire population to clear subclinical parasite reservoir, is a strategy accelerate elimination. We report cluster randomised trial assess effectiveness dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) MDA reducing incidence prevalence 16 remote village populations Myanmar,...
Background. Asymptomatic parasitemia is common even in areas of low seasonal malaria transmission, but the true proportion population infected has not been estimated previously because limited sensitivity available detection methods.
Gambian infants were not routinely vaccinated against hepatitis B virus (HBV) before 1986. During 1986–90 the Gambia Hepatitis Intervention Study (GHIS) allocated 125,000 infants, by area, to vaccination or and thereafter all offered vaccine through nationwide immunisation programme. We report HBV serology from samples of GHIS vaccinees unvaccinated controls, children born later. 2007–08, 2670 young adults during (1986-90) recruited 80 randomly selected villages four townships. Only 28%...
Poor targeting of antimicrobial drugs contributes to the millions deaths each year from malaria, pneumonia, and other tropical infectious diseases. While malaria rapid diagnostic tests have improved use antimalarial drugs, there are no similar guide antibiotics in undifferentiated fevers. In this study we estimate accuracy two well established biomarkers bacterial infection, procalcitonin C-reactive protein (CRP) discriminating between common viral infections endemic settings Southeast Asia....
Background: National Malaria Control Programmes (NMCPs) currently make limited use of parasite genetic data. We have developed GenRe-Mekong, a platform for surveillance malaria in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) that enables NMCPs to implement large-scale projects by integrating simple sample collection procedures routine public health procedures. Methods: Samples from symptomatic patients are processed SpotMalaria, high-throughput system produces comprehensive set genotypes comprising...
The emergence and spread of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum, first in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), now East Africa, is a major threat to global malaria elimination ambitions. To investigate artemisinin resistance mechanism, transcriptome analysis was conducted 577 P. falciparum isolates collected GMS between 2016-2018. A specific resistance-associated transcriptional profile identified that involves broad but discrete set biological functions related proteotoxic stress,...
Investment in community health workers is essential.
Over the last 20 years, malaria incidence has decreased across Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS) and emergence of artemisinin resistance stimulated efforts to accelerate regional elimination. In GMS, transmission is focused increasingly in forested zones. This article describes forest-going activities examines forest workers' attitudes experiences prevention control north-eastern Cambodia.In Stung Treng Province, Cambodia, 19 in-depth interviews were conducted villages with participants...
Abstract Background Microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained blood films remains the reference standard for malaria parasite detection and quantification, but is undermined by difficulties in ensuring high-quality manual reading inter-reader reliability. Automated quantification may address this issue. Methods A multi-centre, observational study was conducted during 2018 2019 at 11 sites to assess performance EasyScan Go, a microscopy device employing machine-learning-based image analysis....
In Southeast Asia malaria elimination is targeted by 2030. Cambodia aims to achieve this 2025, driven in large part the urgent need control spread of artemisinin-resistant falciparum infections. Rapid depends on sustaining early access diagnosis and effective treatment. much Cambodia, rapid will rely a village worker (VMW) network. Yet as declines no longer common cause febrile illness, VMWs may become less popular with patients, do not diagnose or treat other conditions at present. There...
Subclinical Plasmodium parasitaemia is an important reservoir for the transmission and persistence of malaria, particularly in low areas. Using ultrasensitive quantitative PCR (uPCR) detection parasitaemia, entire population three Cambodian villages Pailin province were followed 1 year at three-monthly intervals. A cohort adult participants found initially to have asymptomatic malaria was monthly over same period. The initial cross sectional survey June 2013 (M0) 1447 residents that 32 (2.2...
Background Between 2013 and 2017, targeted malaria elimination (TME), a package of interventions that includes mass drug administration (MDA)–was piloted in communities with reservoirs asymptomatic P. falciparum across the Greater Mekong sub-Region (GMS). Coverage target is key determinant effectiveness MDA. Drawing on mixed methods research conducted alongside TME pilot studies, this article examines impact community engagement, local social context study design MDA coverage. Methods...
The increase in multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum Southeast Asia suggests a need for acceleration of malaria elimination. We evaluated the effectiveness and safety mass drug administration (MDA) to interrupt transmission.Four malaria-endemic villages western Cambodia were randomized 3 rounds MDA (a 3-day course dihydroartemisinin with piperaquine-phosphate), administered either early or at end study period. Comprehensive treatment records collected during 2014-2017. Subclinical...
Mass anti-malarial administration has been proposed as a key component of the Plasmodium falciparum malaria elimination strategy in Greater Mekong sub-Region. Its effectiveness depends on high levels coverage target population. This article explores factors that influenced mass within clinical trial Battambang Province, western Cambodia. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with villagers, in-depth study staff, drop-outs refusers,...
Malaria in the eastern Greater Mekong subregion has declined to historic lows. Countries are accelerating malaria elimination context of increasing antimalarial drug resistance. Infections now increasingly concentrated remote, forested foci. No intervention yet shown satisfactory efficacy against forest-acquired malaria. The aim this study was assess chemoprophylaxis among forest goers Cambodia.