A5020017456- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Malaria Research and Control
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Travel-related health issues
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Asian Geopolitics and Ethnography
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Cambodian History and Society
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
- Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit
2016-2024
Shoklo Malaria Research Unit
2016-2024
Mahidol University
2016-2024
Aberystwyth University
2019
Thammasat University
2019
UNSW Sydney
2019
Kyoto University
2019
Bangkok University
2019
Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research
2019
Economic & Social Sciences, Health Systems & Medical Informatics
2018
BackgroundPotentially untreatable Plasmodium falciparum malaria threatens the Greater Mekong subregion. A previous series of pilot projects in Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam suggested that mass drug administration was safe, when added to provision early diagnosis treatment, could reduce reservoir P interrupts transmission. We examined effects a scaled-up programme this strategy four townships eastern Myanmar on incidence malaria.MethodsThe implemented Myawaddy, Kawkareik, Hlaingbwe,...
Background The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) threatens global malaria elimination efforts. Mass drug administration (MDA), presumptive antimalarial treatment an entire population to clear subclinical parasite reservoir, is a strategy accelerate elimination. We report cluster randomised trial assess effectiveness dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) MDA reducing incidence prevalence 16 remote village populations Myanmar,...
<ns4:p><ns4:bold>Background: </ns4:bold>Artemisinin and partner drug-resistant falciparum malaria is expanding over the Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS). Eliminating in GMS while drugs still retain enough efficacy could prevent global spread of antimalarial resistance. rapidly requires targeting reservoir asymptomatic parasite carriers.</ns4:p><ns4:p> This pilot trial aimed to evaluate acceptability, safety, feasibility effectiveness mass-drug administration (MDA) reducing four villages...
Background Primaquine is the only drug consistently effective against mature gametocytes of Plasmodium falciparum. The transmission blocking dose primaquine previously recommended was 0.75mg/kg (adult 45mg) but its deployment limited because concerns over haemolytic effects in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. G6PD deficiency an inherited X-linked enzymatic defect that affects estimated 400 million people around world high frequencies (15–20%) populations...
In the Greater Mekong Subregion in Southeast Asia, malaria elimination strategies need to target all Plasmodium falciparum parasites, including those carried asymptomatically. More than 70% of asymptomatic carriers are not detected by current rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) or microscopy. An HRP2-based ultrasensitive RDT (uRDT) developed improve detection low-density infections was evaluated during prevalence surveys within a program low-transmission area eastern Myanmar. Surveys were...
Background Between 2013 and 2017, targeted malaria elimination (TME), a package of interventions that includes mass drug administration (MDA)–was piloted in communities with reservoirs asymptomatic P. falciparum across the Greater Mekong sub-Region (GMS). Coverage target is key determinant effectiveness MDA. Drawing on mixed methods research conducted alongside TME pilot studies, this article examines impact community engagement, local social context study design MDA coverage. Methods...
The objective of mass antimalarial drug administration (MDA) is to eliminate malaria rapidly by eliminating the asymptomatic parasite reservoirs and interrupting transmission. In Greater Mekong Subregion, where artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum now widespread, MDA has been proposed as an elimination accelerator, but contribution infections transmission questioned. impact on entomological indices not characterized previously.MDA was conducted in 4 villages Kayin State (Myanmar)....
<ns4:p><ns4:bold>Background:</ns4:bold> Currently, malaria elimination efforts are ongoing in several locations across Southeast Asia, including Kayin State (also known as Karen State), Myanmar. This paper describes the community engagement for a pilot project, challenges encountered and lessons learnt.</ns4:p><ns4:p> <ns4:bold>Methods:</ns4:bold> Between May 2013 June 2015, study on targeted (TME) that included mass drug administration was conducted four villages (TPN, TOT, KNH, HKT) of...
A targeted malaria elimination project, including mass drug administrations (MDA) of dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine plus a single low dose primaquine is underway in villages along the Thailand Myanmar border. The intervention has multiple components but success project will depend on participation entire communities. Quantitative surveys were conducted to study reasons for or non-participation campaign with aim identify factors associated acceptance and administrations. household heads four...
Abstract Background Antenatal care and skilled childbirth services are important interventions to improve maternal health lower the risk of poor pregnancy outcomes mortality. A growing body literature has shown that geographic distance clinics can be a disincentive towards seeking during pregnancy. On Thailand-Myanmar border antenatal serving migrant populations have found high rates loss follow-up 17.4%, but decades civil conflict made underlying factors difficult investigate. Here we...
Background To evaluate a skilled birth attendant (SBA) training program in neglected population on the Thai-Myanmar border, we used multiple methods to show that refugee and migrant health workers can be given effective their own environment become SBAs teachers of SBAs. The loss through resettlement third countries necessitated urgent available meet local needs. Methods Findings All results were obtained from student records theory grades clinical log books. Qualitative evaluation both SBA...
Improving access to early diagnosis and treatment (EDT) has increasingly proven be a major contributor decreasing malaria incidence in low-transmission settings. The Malaria Elimination Task Force (METF) deployed posts set up Eastern Myanmar, providing free uninterrupted community-based EDT more than 1200 villages. Ensuring high quality services are provided by these is essential reaching elimination targets. present study aimed determine the functionality of METF programme. This report...
<ns4:p><ns4:bold>Background:</ns4:bold> In light of growing antimalarial drug resistance in Southeast Asia, control programmes have become increasingly focused on malaria elimination, composed mass administration coupled with prompt diagnosis and treatment symptomatic cases. The key to a successful elimination programme centres high participation rates targeted communities, often enhanced by community engagement (CE) efforts. Social science research was conducted develop conceptual framework...
The global malaria burden has decreased over the last decade and many nations are attempting elimination. Asymptomatic infections not normally diagnosed or treated, posing a major hurdle for elimination efforts. One solution to this problem is mass drug administration (MDA), with success depending on adequate population participation. Here, we present detailed spatial temporal analysis of episodes asymptomatic in four villages undergoing MDA Myanmar. In study, individuals from neighborhoods...
Outdoor and early biting by mosquitoes challenge the efficacy of bed nets indoor residual spraying against malaria in Greater Mekong Subregion. The objective this study was to assess outdoor (ORS) for vector-control region. A cluster randomized controlled trial conducted between July 2018 April 2019 twelve villages Karen (Kayin) state, Myanmar. Villages were randomly assigned receive either a single round ORS with capsule suspension lambda-cyhalothrin two days October or no intervention (six...
<ns4:p><ns4:bold>Background:</ns4:bold> This study evinces how the community engagement (CE) approach of Malaria Elimination Task Force (METF) in Karen/Kayin State southeast Myanmar contributed to generating participation program activities, such as early detection and treatment, malaria blood surveys mass drug administration.</ns4:p><ns4:p> <ns4:bold>Methods:</ns4:bold> We investigated CE through ethnographic key-informant unstructured interviews well focus group discussions participant...
<ns4:p><ns4:bold>Background:</ns4:bold>In light of growing antimalarial drug resistance in Southeast Asia, control programmes have become increasingly focused on malaria elimination, composed mass administration coupled with prompt diagnosis and treatment symptomatic cases. The key to a successful elimination programme centres high participation rates targeted communities, often enhanced by community engagement (CE) efforts. Social science research was conducted develop conceptual framework...
Providing at-risk communities with uninterrupted access to early diagnosis and treatment is a key component in reducing malaria transmission achieving elimination. As programmes approach elimination targets it critical that each case tested treated early, which may present challenge when the burden of reduced. In this paper we investigate whether testing rates decline over time assess impacts integrating non-malaria services on task force (METF) programme Kayin state Myanmar.A retrospective...
Background Mass administrations of antimalarial drugs (MDA) have reduced the incidence and prevalence P. falciparum infections in a trial Greater Mekong Subregion. Here we assess impact MDA on vivax infections. Methods Between May 2013 July 2017, four villages each Myanmar, Vietnam, Cambodia Lao PDR were selected based high Eight 16 randomly assigned to receive consisting three-monthly rounds three-day courses dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine and, except Cambodia, single low-dose primaquine....
Malaria reactive case detection is the testing and, if positive, treatment of close contacts index cases. It included in national malaria control programmes countries Greater Mekong Subregion to accelerate elimination. Yet value and elimination remains controversial because low yield, limited evidence for impact, high demands on resources.Data from epidemiological assessments large mass drug administration (MDA) studies Myanmar, Vietnam, Cambodia Laos were analysed explore infection...
<ns4:p><ns4:bold>Background</ns4:bold> <ns4:bold>:</ns4:bold> Natural <ns4:italic>Wolbachia </ns4:italic>infections in malaria mosquitoes were recently reported Africa, and negatively correlated with the development of <ns4:italic>Plasmodium falciparum</ns4:italic> vectors. The occurrence effects outside Africa have not been described may underestimated.</ns4:p><ns4:p> <ns4:bold>Methods</ns4:bold> Mosquitoes collected by human-landing catch during May June 2017 ten villages Kayin state,...
Abstract Background The collection and utilization of surveillance data is essential in monitoring progress towards achieving malaria elimination, the timely response to increases case numbers assessment programme functioning. This paper describes activities used by elimination task force (METF) which operates eastern Myanmar, provides an analysis collected from weekly surveillance, investigations, evaluation performance. Methods retrospective was conducted using a network 1250 posts...
Communities in which adolescent pregnancy and safe abortion care are taboo may benefit from culturally appropriate information, education, communication.
Abstract I. Background Antenatal care and delivery with skilled attendants substantially improve maternal health outcomes across the pregnancy spectrum, from conception to delivery. The Sustainable Development Goals recognize need expand these services all pregnant women but there is limited data on access for migrants in post-conflict regions. II. Methods Using geographic information systems established malaria elimination efforts Kayin state, Myanmar Tak Province, Thailand, retrospective...
<ns4:p><ns4:bold>Background</ns4:bold><ns4:bold>:</ns4:bold> Natural <ns4:italic>Wolbachia </ns4:italic>infections in malaria mosquitoes were recently reported Africa, and negatively correlated with the development of <ns4:italic>Plasmodium falciparum</ns4:italic> vectors. The occurrence effects outside Africa have not been described may underestimated.</ns4:p><ns4:p> <ns4:bold>Methods</ns4:bold><ns4:bold>:</ns4:bold> Mosquitoes collected by human-landing catch during May June 2017 ten...