Aspergillus hancockii sp. nov., classified in subgenus Circumdati section Flavi, was originally isolated from soil peanut fields near Kumbia, the South Burnett region of southeast Queensland, Australia, and has since been found occasionally other substrates locations Australia. It is phylogenetically phenotypically related most closely to A. leporis States M. Chr., but differs conidial colour, minor features particularly metabolite profile. When cultivated on rice as an optimal substrate,...

The burnettramic acids are a new class of antibiotics from an Australian fungus Aspergillus burnettii. rare bolaamphiphilic scaffold consists β-d-mannose linked to pyrrolizidinedione unit via 26-carbon chain. most abundant metabolite displayed potent in vitro antifungal activity. Comparative genomics identified the hybrid PKS-NRPS bua gene cluster, which was verified by heterologous pathway reconstitution nidulans.

Luteodienoside A is a novel glycosylated polyketide produced by the Australian fungus Aspergillus luteorubrus MST-FP2246, consisting of an unusual 1-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-myo-inositol (glucinol) ester 3-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethylocta-4,6-dienoic acid. Mining genome A. identified putative gene cluster for luteodienoside biosynthesis (ltb), harbouring highly reducing synthase (HR-PKS, LtbA) fused at its C-terminus to carnitine O-acyltransferase (cAT) domain. Heterologous pathway reconstitution in...

Abstract Giardia duodenalis is responsible for the majority of parasitic gastroenteritis in humans worldwide. Host-parasite interaction models vitro provide insights into disease and virulence help us to understand pathogenesis. Using HT-29 intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) as a model we have demonstrated that initial sensitisation by host secretions reduces proclivity trophozoite attachment, while inducing factors. Host soluble factors triggered up-regulation membrane secreted proteins,...

1-Benzazepine is a pharmaceutically important scaffold but rare among natural products. Nanangelenin A (1), containing an unprecedented 3,4-dihydro-1-benzazepine-2,5-dione-N-prenyl-N-acetoxy-anthranilamide scaffold, was isolated from novel species of Australian fungus, Aspergillus nanangensis. Genomic and retrobiosynthetic analyses identified putative nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene cluster (nan). The detailed biosynthetic pathway to 1 established by heterologous reconstitution...

A biosynthetic gene cluster that is significantly upregulated in the fungal wheat pathogen Parastagonospora nodorum during plant infection was reconstructed heterologously Aspergillus nidulans. This led to discovery of five new α-pyrone polyketides, alternapyrones B-F (2-6). Compounds 5 and 6, which contain a highly substituted dihydrofuran, exhibited phytotoxicity on seed germination. It demonstrated only three enzymes, one reducing polyketide synthase two multifunctional P450 oxygenases,...

The hancockiamides are an unusual new family of N-cinnamoylated piperazines from the Australian soil fungus Aspergillus hancockii. Genomic analyses A. hancockii identified a biosynthetic gene cluster (hkm) 12 genes, including two single-module nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) genes. Heterologous expression hkm in nidulans confirmed its role biosynthesis hancockiamides. We further demonstrated that novel cytochrome P450, Hkm5, catalyses methylenedioxy bridge formation, and PAL hkm12 is...

Two nitrogenous rearranged spongian nor-diterpenoids, dendrillic acids A and B, were isolated from a marine sponge Dendrilla sp. (order: Dendroceratida; family: Darwinellidae). The structures of the metabolites elucidated on basis spectroscopic analysis as well density functional theory prediction NMR chemical shifts application DP4+ algorithm. absolute configuration was established via comparison experimental time-dependent predicted electronic circular dichroism data. An unusual...

We have identified the biosynthetic gene cluster (hvm) for sterol O-acyltransferase inhibitor helvamide (1) from genome of Aspergillus rugulosus MST-FP2007. Heterologous expression hvm in A. nidulans produced a previously unreported analog B (5). An α-ketoglutarate-dependent oxygenase Hvm1 was shown to catalyze intramolecular cyclization 1 yield 5. The branch related hancockiamides and helvamides found be controlled by substrate selectivity monomodular nonribosomal peptide synthetases.

Dust has been widely recognised as an important source of nutrients in the marine environment and a vector for transporting pathogenic microorganisms. Disturbingly, wake dust storm event along eastern Australian coast line 2009, Continuous Plankton Recorder collected masses fungal spores mycelia (~150,000 spores/m3) forming floating raft that covered coastal area equivalent to 25 times surface England. Cultured A. sydowii strains exhibited varying metabolite profiles, but all produced...

A soil survey conducted in southern Queensland, Australia, identified a novel isolate belonging to the genus Aspergillus subgenus Circumdati section Circumdati, kumbius FRR6049. Cultivation and fractionation of secondary metabolites from A. revealed unique chemotype comprising three new bis-indolyl benzenoids, kumbicins A–C, benzoquinone, kumbicin D, along with previously reported compounds asterriquinol D dimethyl ether, petromurins C aspochracin, its N-demethyl analogue JBIR-15,...

Chemical investigation of an undescribed Australian fungus, Aspergillus nanangensis, led to the identification nanangenines - a family seven new and three previously reported drimane sesquiterpenoids. The structures were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis supported single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. compounds assayed for in vitro activity against bacteria, fungi, mammalian cells plants. Bioinformatics analysis, including comparative with other acyl drimenol-producing...

While low-income midlife and older adults are disproportionately affected by non-communicable diseases that can be alleviated regular physical activity, few activity programs have been developed specifically with their needs in mind. Those available typically do not address the recognized local environmental factors impact activity. The specific aim of Steps for Change cluster-randomized controlled trial is to compare systematically initial (one-year) sustained (two-year) multi-level impacts...

Chemical investigation of an Australian fungus, Aspergillus banksianus, led to the isolation major metabolite banksialactone A (1), eight new isochromanones, banksialactones B–I (2–9), two isocoumarins, banksiamarins and B (10 11), reported compounds, clearanol I (12), dothideomynone (13), questin (14), endocrocin (15). The structures 1–11 were established by NMR spectroscopic data analysis, absolute configurations determined from optical rotations ECD spectra in conjunction with TD-DFT...

Fourteen-membered macrolides are a class of compounds with significant clinical value as antibacterial agents. As part our ongoing investigation into the metabolites Streptomyces sp. MST-91080, we report discovery resorculins A and B, unprecedented 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (α-resorcylic acid)-containing 14-membered macrolides. We sequenced genome MST-91080 identified putative resorculin biosynthetic gene cluster (rsn BGC). The rsn BGC is hybrid type I III polyketide synthases. Bioinformatic...

Cultivation and extraction of the fungus Talaromyces stipitatus led to isolation five new oxyphenalenone–amino acid hybrids, which were named talauxins E, Q, V, L, I based on corresponding one-letter amino codes, along with their putative biosynthetic precursor, duclauxin. The rapid reaction duclauxin acids produce was demonstrated in vitro exploited generate a small library natural unnatural talauxins. Talauxin V shown undergo spontaneous elimination methyl acetate yield neoclauxin...

Burnettiene A is a novel cytotoxic tridecaketide decalin polyketide from Aspergillus burnettii . Its biosynthesis was elucidated by heterologous expression in fungi.

The brevijanazines are novel p-nitrobenzoylated piperazines isolated from Aspergillus brevijanus. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, X-ray crystallography and total synthesis. Heterologous biosynthesis, precursor feeding in vitro microsomal assays unveiled the biosynthetic pathway to brevijanazines, featuring a cytochrome P450 oxygenase that converts p-aminobenzoic acid p-nitrobenzoic acid.

Two novel free porphyrins, isabellins A and B, as well the known compounds corallistin D deuteroporphyrin IX were isolated from a marine sponge Isabela sp. LC-MS analysis of crude extract revealed that natural products present both porphyrins iron(III) coordinated hemins, designated isabellihemin A, corallistihemin deuterohemin IX, respectively. Structures determined via high-resolution mass spectrometry, UV-Vis spectroscopy extensive NOESY NMR spectroscopic experiments. The type-I alkyl...

Reinvestigating antibiotic scaffolds that were identified during the Golden Age of discovery, but have long since been “forgotten”, has proven to be an effective strategy for delivering next-generation antibiotics capable combatting multidrug-resistant superbugs.

In this study, we report the semisynthesis and in vitro biological evaluation of thirty-four derivatives fungal depsidone antibiotic, unguinol. Initially, semisynthetic modifications were focused on two free hydroxy groups (3-OH 8-OH), three aromatic positions (C-2, C-4 C-7), butenyl side chain ester linkage. Fifteen first-generation unguinol analogues synthesised screened against a panel bacteria, fungi mammalian cells to formulate basic structure activity relationship (SAR) for...

Biosynthetic mosaics and superclusters provide rare insights into the evolution of microbial chemical diversity.