A5003232665- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Liver Diseases and Immunity
- CAR-T cell therapy research
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Gallbladder and Bile Duct Disorders
- Colorectal Cancer Treatments and Studies
- Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Renal function and acid-base balance
- Economic and Financial Impacts of Cancer
- Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health, psychology, and well-being
- Hernia repair and management
- Infrared Thermography in Medicine
- Multiple and Secondary Primary Cancers
- Intestinal Malrotation and Obstruction Disorders
- Cancer Mechanisms and Therapy
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
University Hospital of Wales
2013-2025
Cardiff University
2011-2023
Royal Gwent Hospital
2023
The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston
2023
National Health Service Wales
2023
Jackson and Tull (United States)
2023
Creative Research Enterprises (United States)
2023
Public Health Wales
2023
Institute of Infection and Immunity
2017-2019
McGill University Health Centre
2017-2019
Abstract Purpose: Anticancer T-cell responses can control tumors, but immunosuppressive mechanisms in vivo prevent their function. The role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) metastatic colorectal cancer is unclear. We have previously shown depletion Tregs enhances cancer–specific effector responses. Low-dose cyclophosphamide targets animal models and some human studies; however, the effect unknown. Experimental Design: Fifty-five patients with were enrolled a phase I/II trial randomly assigned...
The success of immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors is not replicated in most cases colorectal cancer; therefore, different strategies are urgently required. oncofetal antigen 5T4 expressed more than 90% metastatic cancer (mCRC). Preliminary data using modified vaccinia Ankara-5T4 (MVA-5T4) mCRC demonstrated that it safely induced serologic and T-cell responses.
Bilateral locked posterior fracture dislocation of the shoulders is one least common injuries shoulder, and this injury has been suggested to be pathognomonic seizures when diagnosed in absence trauma. The authors present a case idiopathic bilateral dislocations along with review medical literature. also "triple E syndrome," describing possible etiologies injury: epilepsy (or any convulsive seizure), electrocution, or extreme
Objective To describe the incidence and key demographic, socioeconomic clinical characteristics of individuals with liver disease in Wales. Design setting This study is designed as a retrospective observational that linked data anonymised identified from primary, secondary care mortality Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank Participants All Welsh residents who registered SAIL-contributing general practitioner (GP) diagnosed 2004 to 2022. Primary outcome measures Our primary...
<b>Background:</b> This study examined whether psychological distress might be a predictor of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). <b>Method:</b> The relation between at baseline, measured by the general health questionnaire (GHQ), and bronchitis three years later, as Medical Research Council (MRC) forced expiratory flow in one second (FEV<sub>1</sub>), was 1682 men 2203 women from Renfrew Paisley (MIDSPAN) study. analyses were run on separately adjustments made for age,...
Liver disease incidence and hence demand on hepatology services is increasing.To describe trends in natural history of liver diseases Wales to inform effective provision services.The registry populated by International Classification Diseases-10 (ICD-10) code diagnoses for residents derived from mortality data inpatient/day case activity between 1999-2019. Pseudo-anonymised linkage of: (1) Causative diagnoses; (2) Cirrhosis; (3) Portal hypertension; (4) Decompensation; (5) cancer enabled...
The relationship between the adaptive CD4+ T cell response and human cancer is unclear. oncofetal antigen 5T4 expressed on many carcinomas, including colorectal (CRC) cells, but has limited expression normal tissues. We previously identified anti-5T4 cells in a proportion of CRC patients, we extended this study to examine whether quality or quantity reflects tumor stage. An overlapping peptide library spanning was used as target enumerate cognate IFN-γ+CD4+ T-cells (measured spot forming...
Liver disease is an increasing global health burden. The final sequalae of cirrhosis, liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma are often the result inflammation driven by intrahepatic lymphocytes. Accurate assessment organ-specific diseases ideally employs tissue sampling though this rarely performed. Here we report our experiences utilising repeated fine needle aspirations (FNAs) to assess liver-derived leukocytes. In 88 patient samples, obtained a mean 36,959 lymphocytes from each...
Abstract Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected patients are at increased risk of liver-related mortality. The effect occult cirrhosis (OcC), defined as preclinical compensated without any clinical findings, on events is unknown. Methods HIV-infected from 2 Canadian cohorts underwent transient elastography (TE) examination and were classified (1) OcC (TE ≥13 kPa with no sign cirrhosis, including absence thrombocytopenia signs advanced liver disease ultrasound or gastroscopy);...
Objectives Current guidelines recommend use of a diagnostic algorithm to assess disease severity in cases suspected nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD). We applied this HIV‐monoinfected patients. Methods analysed three prospective screening programmes for NAFLD carried out the following cohorts: Liver Disease HIV (LIVEHIV) cohort Montreal, Modena Metabolic Clinic (MHMC) and Pathologies Palermo (LHivPa) cohort. In LIVEHIV LHivPa cohorts, was diagnosed if controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) ≥...
The ability to control HCV with IFN-α-based treatments provides an opportunity in humans study how the rate of viral clearance vivo impinges on development antiviral responses. Ex (IFN-γ-producing) and cultured CD4(+) T cells, serum cytokines, loads were measured repeatedly a cohort chronically HCV-infected subjects (n = 33) receiving IFN-α. Rapid virus indicated by increased calculated clearance, occurred those demonstrating absent/minimal T-cell responses (p < 0.0006). Surprisingly, who...
Learning points for clinicians• Hepatic autoimmune overlap syndromes should be considered in patients with evidence of more than one hepatic disease.• Disease resistant to standard immunosuppression and treatment cholestasis can progress rapidly cirrhosis associated complications.• Specialist input novel therapies, such as B-cell depleting agents, present an opportunity achieve disease remission refractory cases.
<h3>Introduction</h3> Patients with cirrhosis who are admitted to the ICU considered have a poor prognosis. Previous studies sought identify markers of high predictive value in patients will not survive their critical care stay. These focused upon early prognosis, rather than longer term survival. We validate previously described outcome predictors and review long-term survival cohort cirrhotic ICU. <h3>Method</h3> performed retrospective analysis adult ICU, University Hosptial Wales...
We report a 57-year-old man who developed subacute small bowel obstruction after running marathon. A fibrofatty band was identified restricting the terminal ileum upon subsequent imaging. Surgical division of resulted in complete resolution patient's symptoms. Fibrofatty bands are embryonic remnants vitellointestinal duct and have not previously been reported to cause at ileum. discuss origin remnant physiological impact marathon gastrointestinal tract that would contributed development obstruction.
<h3>Introduction</h3> <i>Background:</i> Infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) results in life long chronic infection the majority of subjects, indicating has developed immunoevasion strategies. Treatment interferon α (IFNα) and ribavirin is effective clearing HCV approximately 40% genotype 1 80% 2 3 infected patients. Results from previous studies are inconclusive regarding effects on natural killer (NK) cell function. <h3>Aims</h3> To phenotype assess cytotoxicity NK cells derived exposed...