A5102853284- BRCA gene mutations in cancer
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
- Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Genomics and Rare Diseases
- Cancer Risks and Factors
- Ethics in Clinical Research
- Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
- Economic and Financial Impacts of Cancer
- Childhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life
- Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Cancer Treatment and Pharmacology
- Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and mitigation
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research
- Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
- Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
- Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
National Cancer Institute
2013-2025
National Institutes of Health
2004-2024
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
2016-2024
Cardiff University
2005-2021
University Hospital of Wales
2000-2021
James Cook University Hospital
2019
National Human Genome Research Institute
2018
RTI International
2018
British HIV Association
2009-2017
Cardiff and Vale University Health Board
2011-2016
Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), also known as Lynch syndrome, is a common autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by early age at onset, neoplastic lesions, and microsatellite instability (MSI). Because cancers with MSI account for approximately 15% of all because the need better understanding clinical histologic manifestations HNPCC, National Cancer Institute hosted an international workshop on HNPCC in 1996, which led to development Bethesda Guidelines identification...
BackgroundClinical trials demonstrated that women treated for breast cancer with anthracycline or trastuzumab are at increased risk heart failure and/or cardiomyopathy (HF/CM), but the generalizability of these findings is unknown. We estimated real-world adjuvant and use their associations incident HF/CM.
ABSTRACT Purpose The objective of this study was to describe trends in the prevalence regular aspirin and nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID) use among adults United States during 2005 2010, identify characteristics users. Methods Data from 2010 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) were analyzed estimate NSAIDs U.S. aged 18 years older. Results stratified by demographics self‐reported medical conditions extrapolated provide population estimates. In around 43 million (19.0%) took...
Cancer researchers, clinicians, and the public are increasingly interested in statistical models designed to predict occurrence of cancer. As number sophistication cancer risk prediction have grown, so too has interest ensuring that they appropriately applied, correctly developed, rigorously evaluated. On May 20-21, 2004, National Institute sponsored a workshop which experts identified strengths limitations genetic susceptibility were currently use under development explored methodologic...
The Breast Cancer Prevention Trial demonstrated that tamoxifen treatment produced a 49% reduction in the risk of invasive breast cancer among women at elevated for disease. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) subsequently approved aged 35 years or older with 5-year 1.67% higher chemoprevention. However, use has been associated adverse outcomes, not all eligible have positive benefit/risk ratio.We used weighted data from year 2000 National Health Interview Survey Control Module to...
Given the high incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC), and availability procedures that can detect disease remove precancerous lesions, there is a need for model estimates probability developing CRC across various age intervals risk factor profiles.The development separate absolute models men women included estimating relative risks attributable parameters from population-based case-control data separately proximal, distal, rectal combining these with baseline age-specific hazard rates based...
Introduction Scope and purpose Methodology Guideline development process Patient involvement GRADE Good practice points Dissemination implementation updates date of next review Treatment aims Resource use Implications for research References Recommendations auditable outcomes (GRADE) in decision making (Section 3) When to start 4) What 5) Supporting patients on therapy 6) Managing virological failure 7) Antiretroviral therapies specific populations 8) Summary measures decision-making...
The Study of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene (STAR) demonstrated that raloxifene was as effective tamoxifen in reducing the risk invasive breast cancer (IBC) postmenopausal women had lower risks thromboembolic events, endometrial cancer, cataracts but a nonstatistically significant higher noninvasive cancer. There is need to summarize benefits these agents.Baseline incidence rates IBC other health outcomes, absent tamoxifen, were estimated from chemoprevention trials; Surveillance, Epidemiology End...
Purpose There are no nationally representative data on oncologists’ use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) testing in practice. The purpose this study was to investigate how oncologists the United States NGS tests evaluate patients with cancer and inform treatment recommendations. Methods used from National Survey Precision Medicine Cancer Treatment, which mailed a sample 2017 (N = 1,281; cooperation rate 38%). Weighted percentages were calculated describe test use. Multivariable modeling...
Abstract Background: Tamoxifen can reduce the risk of developing invasive estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer by 49%, but it is unknown how many women in United States are taking tamoxifen for primary prevention cancer. Methods: Data from years 2000 and 2005 National Health Interview Surveys were analyzed to estimate prevalence use among U.S. chemoprevention Results: In 2000, ∼0.2% ages 40 79 without a personal history took (95% confidence interval, 0.13-0.31). 2005, was ∼0.08%...
Cardiotoxicity resulting from direct myocyte damage has been a known complication of cancer treatment for decades. More recently, the emergence hypertension as clinically significant side effect several new agents recognized adversely affecting outcomes. With patients living longer, in part because advances, these adverse events have become increasingly important to address. However, little is about cardiovascular pathogenic mechanisms associated with and even less how optimally prevent...
BACKGROUND Colon carcinoma incidence rates have risen sharply over the second half of this century, particularly among males and blacks. In late 1970s, whites began to decline for distant disease. Approximately 10 years later regional disease fall. The in largely has been attributed more widespread colorectal screening. However, similar trends by stage blacks not observed. METHODS was evaluated race, gender, age, each subsite using data from > 220,000 cases diagnosed between 1975 1994 U. S....
Abstract Genetic testing for an inherited susceptibility to cancer is emerging technology in medical practice. Little information currently available about physicians' attitudes toward these tests. To assess US opinions on unresolved issues surrounding genetic testing, a 15‐min survey was administered stratified random sample of 1,251 physicians from 8 specialties, selected file all licensed the (response rate = 71.0%). Dependent measures included counseling and qualifications, availability...
Validation of an absolute risk prediction model for colorectal cancer (CRC) by using a large, population-based cohort.The National Institutes Health (NIH) -American Association Retired Persons (AARP) diet and health study, prospective cohort was used to validate the model. Men women age 50 71 years at baseline answered self-administered questionnaires that asked about demographic characteristics, diet, lifestyle, medical histories. We compared expected numbers CRC patient cases predicted...
Objective. To examine the effects of communicating uncertainty regarding individualized colorectal cancer risk estimates and to identify factors that influence these effects. Methods. Two Web-based experiments were conducted, in which adults aged 40 years older provided with hypothetical differing extent representation expressed uncertainty. The consisted imprecision (otherwise known as “ambiguity”) was communicated using different representations confidence intervals. Experiment 1 ( n =...
PURPOSE Use of genomic testing, especially multimarker panels, is increasing in the United States. Not all tests and related treatments are covered by health insurance, which can result substantial patient out-of-pocket (OOP) costs. Little known about oncologists' treatment decisions with respect to insurance coverage OOP costs for testing. METHODS We identified 1,049 oncologists who used tumor panels from 2017 National Survey Precision Medicine Cancer Treatment. Separate multivariable...
The epidemiology of neuroblastoma suggests that prenatal exposures may be important etiologic factors in this disease. authors describe the role maternal health status and medication usage risk neuroblastoma. This retrospective study was based on completed interviews with 183 histologically confirmed cases aged 0–14 years diagnosed among residents New York State (excluding City) between 1976 1987. Controls were matched to year birth race drawn from live certificate registry. Interviews...
Objective . To explore laypersons' responses to the communication of uncertainty associated with individualized cancer risk estimates and identify reasons for individual differences in these responses. Design A qualitative study was conducted using focus groups. Participants were informed about a new colorectal prediction model, presented hypothetical presentation formats varying expressed (range v. point estimate). Semistructured interviews explored participants' this information. Setting...
Objectives: To determine how recent changes in the urology match occurring from 2021 to 2023, including virtual interviews (VIs) and preference signals (PS), affected outcomes. Methods: The American Urological Association (AUA) data 2023 was compared 15 years prior. This obtained AUA website a previous study of public data. Self-reported applicant characteristics outcomes Urology Residency Applicant Spreadsheet 2021-2023 were four Results: Between residency programs offered 43 each, an...