A5041365930- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
- Pregnancy and Medication Impact
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Drug-Induced Adverse Reactions
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Malaria Research and Control
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospital NHS Trust
2012-2025
University of Liverpool
2016-2025
Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
2020-2025
Johns Hopkins Hospital
2024
Royal Liverpool University Hospital
2013-2024
Federal Medical Centre
2024
St Mary's Hospital
2008-2023
All India Institute of Medical Sciences Raipur
2023
All India Institute of Medical Sciences Rishikesh
2023
National Institute for Health Research
2011-2022
Randomised placebo-controlled trials have shown that daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with tenofovir-emtricitabine reduces the risk of HIV infection. However, this benefit could be counteracted by compensation in users PrEP. We did PROUD study to assess effect.
Cases of human monkeypox are rarely seen outside west and central Africa. There few data regarding viral kinetics or the duration shedding no licensed treatments. Two oral drugs, brincidofovir tecovirimat, have been approved for treatment smallpox demonstrated efficacy against in animals. Our aim was to describe longitudinal clinical course a high-income setting, coupled with dynamics, any adverse events related novel antiviral therapies.
In early September 2018, two cases of monkeypox were reported in the United Kingdom (UK), diagnosed on 7 Cornwall (South West England) and 11 Blackpool (North England). The epidemiologically unconnected had recently travelled to UK from Nigeria, where is currently circulating. We describe epidemiology public health response for first outside African continent since 2003.
The overall purpose of these guidelines is to provide guidance on best clinical practice in the treatment and management adults with HIV infection antiretroviral therapy (ART). scope includes: (i) initiation ART those previously naïve therapy; (ii)support patients treatment; (iii) experiencing virological failure; (iv) recommendations specific patient populations where other factors need be taken into consideration. are aimed at professionals directly involved responsible for care community...
While it is now widely accepted that host inflammatory responses contribute to lung injury, the pathways drive severity and distinguish coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from other viral diseases remain poorly characterized. We analyzed plasma samples 471 hospitalized patients recruited through prospective multicenter ISARIC4C study 39 outpatients with mild disease, enabling extensive characterization of across a full spectrum COVID-19 severity. Progressive elevation levels numerous...
The impact of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on patients with interstitial lung (ILD) has not been established.
Several combinations of 2 or 3 direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) can cure hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the majority treatment-naive patients. DAAs for HCV infection have similar mechanisms action and chemical structures to antiretrovirals human immunodeficiency (HIV) infection. Generic are currently manufactured at very low prices, treat 10 million people with HIV/AIDS developing countries.Four DAAs, either phase development recent approval (daclatasvir, sofosbuvir, simeprevir, faldaprevir),...
Studies of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 have found varying mortality outcomes associated underlying respiratory conditions and inhaled corticosteroid use. Using data from a national, multicentre, prospective cohort, we aimed characterise people disease, assess the level care received, measure in-hospital mortality, examine effect use.We analysed International Severe Acute Respiratory emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK (CCP-UK)...
Abstract Objectives AGILE is a Phase Ib/IIa platform for rapidly evaluating COVID-19 treatments. In this trial (NCT04746183) we evaluated the safety and optimal dose of molnupiravir in participants with early symptomatic infection. Methods We undertook dose-escalating, open-label, randomized-controlled (standard-of-care) Bayesian adaptive I at Royal Liverpool Broadgreen Clinical Research Facility. Participants (adult outpatients PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection within 5 days symptom onset)...
Abstract Viral clearance, antibody response and the mutagenic effect of molnupiravir has not been elucidated in at-risk populations. Non-hospitalised participants within 5 days SARS-CoV-2 symptoms randomised to receive (n = 253) or Usual Care 324) were recruited study viral dynamics on whole genome sequence from 1437 genomes. Molnupiravir accelerates load decline, but virus is detectable by Day most cases. At 14 (9 post-treatment), associated with significantly higher persistence lower...
ABSTRACT Adenovirus (Ad) isolates from a large number of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals were compared serologically and genetically with Ad immunocompetent patients. Between 1982 1994, stool urine samples 137 subjects AIDS hospitalized in The Netherlands yielded 143 strains. Forty additional strains obtained 35 HIV-positive patients Manchester, United Kingdom, 1992 1993. Of these 183 HIV-associated strains, 84% belonged to species D 3% C. These 2,301 collected during...
Tenofovir is one of the most widely used antiretroviral drugs. undergoes renal clearance by a combination glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion. Although rare, mechanism which tenofovir causes damage not well characterized. We have explored association between kidney dysfunction (KTD) polymorphisms in genes encoding drug transporters.All consecutive, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients receiving tenofovir-containing regimens who were seen at single institution...
Background Potential drug–drug interactions (PDDIs) might expand with new combination antiretroviral therapies (ART) and polypharmacy related to increasing age comorbidities. We investigated the prevalence of comedications PDDIs within a large HIV cohort, their effect on ART efficacy tolerability. Methods All medications were prospectively recorded in 1,497 ART-treated patients screened for using customized version Liverpool drug database. Results Overall, 68% (1,013/1,497) had comedication...
Introduction Scope and purpose Methodology Guideline development process Patient involvement GRADE Good practice points Dissemination implementation updates date of next review Treatment aims Resource use Implications for research References Recommendations auditable outcomes (GRADE) in decision making (Section 3) When to start 4) What 5) Supporting patients on therapy 6) Managing virological failure 7) Antiretroviral therapies specific populations 8) Summary measures decision-making...
OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 are major hepatic drug transporters whilst OATP1A2 is mainly located in the brain but also liver several other organs. These affect distribution clearance of many endobiotics xenobiotics have been reported to functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We assessed substrate specificities these for a panel antiretrovirals investigated effects SNPs within on pharmacokinetics lopinavir.SLCO1A2, SLCO1B1 SLCO1B3 were cloned, verified used generate cRNA use Xenopuslaevis...
The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency CYP2B6 polymorphisms (according ethnicity) and influence heterozygosity homozygosity on plasma concentrations efavirenz nevirapine. Following written informed consent, 225 Caucasians 146 Blacks were recruited from German Competence Network for HIV/AIDS. Plasma nevirapine assessed by HPLC, genotyping 516G>T, 983T>C 1459T>C in conducted real-time PCR-based allelic discrimination. minor allele 0.29, 0 0.08 0.34, 0.07 0.02 Blacks,...
To compare the use of co-medication, potential drug–drug interactions (PDDIs) and effect on antiretroviral therapy (ART) tolerability efficacy in HIV-infected individuals according to age, ≥50 years or <50 years. All ART-treated participants were prospectively included once during a follow-up visit Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Information any current medication was obtained by participant self-report medical prescription history. The complete treatment subsequently screened for PDDIs using...