A5020901993- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Hepatitis C virus research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Viral-associated cancers and disorders
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Sex work and related issues
- Blood groups and transfusion
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
University of Geneva
2016-2025
University Hospital of Geneva
2016-2025
University of Basel
1999-2024
University of Lausanne
2014-2024
University of Bern
2011-2024
University of Zurich
2010-2024
University Hospital of Bern
2013-2024
University Hospital of Zurich
2010-2024
Hospices Civils de Lyon
2024
University of British Columbia
2024
BackgroundAssessing the burden of COVID-19 on basis medically attended case numbers is suboptimal given its reliance testing strategy, changing definitions, and disease presentation. Population-based serosurveys measuring anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (anti-SARS-CoV-2) antibodies provide one method for estimating infection rates monitoring progression epidemic. Here, we estimate weekly seroprevalence anti-SARS-CoV-2 in population Geneva, Switzerland, during...
Infection with drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) can impair the response to combination therapy. Widespread transmission of variants has disturbing potential limiting future therapy options and affecting efficacy postexposure prophylaxis.We determined baseline rate drug resistance in 2208 therapy-naive patients recently chronically infected HIV-1 from 19 European countries during 1996-2002.In Europe, 10 antiretroviral-naive carried viruses > or = drug-resistance...
The replication-competent recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV)-based vaccine expressing a Zaire ebolavirus (ZEBOV) glycoprotein was selected for rapid safety and immunogenicity testing before its use in West Africa.We performed three open-label, dose-escalation phase 1 trials one randomized, double-blind, controlled trial to assess the safety, side-effect profile, of rVSV-ZEBOV at various doses 158 healthy adults Europe Africa. All participants were injected with ranging from...
Epidemiological processes leave a fingerprint in the pattern of genetic structure virus populations. Here, we provide new method to infer epidemiological parameters directly from viral sequence data. The is based on phylogenetic analysis using birth-death model (BDM) rather than commonly used coalescent as for transmission pathogen. Using BDM has advantage that and death rates are estimated independently therefore enables first time estimation basic reproductive number pathogen only data,...
HIV-1 sequence diversity is affected by selection pressures arising from host genomic factors. Using paired human and viral data 1071 individuals, we ran >3000 genome-wide scans, testing for associations between DNA polymorphisms, variation plasma load (VL), while considering population structure. We observed significant SNP to a total of 48 amino acid variants (p<2.4 × 10(-12)). All associated SNPs mapped the HLA class I region. Clinical relevance pathogen was assessed using VL results....
To understand SARS-CoV-2 immunity after natural infection or vaccination, functional assays such as virus neutralising are needed. So far, to detect antibodies rely on cell-culture based either using wild type pseudotyped viruses. Such labour-intensive, require appropriate biosafety facilities and difficult standardize. Recently, a new surrogate neutralisation test (sVNT) was described that uses the principle of an ELISA measure capacity anti-SARS-CoV-2 directed against receptor binding...
Abstract Background Advancements in access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care have led a decline AIDS-related deaths among people with HIV (PWH) Switzerland. However, data on the ongoing changes causes of death PWH over past 15 years are scarce. Methods We investigated all reported Swiss Cohort Study between 2005 2022. Causes were categorized using Coding Death protocol. The statistical analysis included demographic stratification identify time trends...
We investigated CD4+ and CD8+ T cell turnover in both healthy HIV-1–infected adults by measuring the nuclear antigen Ki-67 specific for proliferation. The mean growth fraction, corresponding to expression of Ki-67, was 1.1% cells 1.0% adults, 6.5 4.3% individuals, respectively. Analysis CD45RA+ CD45RO+ subsets revealed a selective expansion subset HIV-1–positive individuals. On basis we derived potential doubling time daily cells. In five times shorter than that adults. individuals increased...
To assess the relation between resistance to antiretroviral drugs for treatment of HIV-1 infection and virological response therapy, results from 12 different studies were re-analysed according a standard data analysis plan. These included nine clinical trials three observational cohorts. The primary end-point in our analyses was failure by week 24. Baseline factors that investigated as predictors plasma RNA, number type new regimen, viral susceptibility determined genotyping or phenotyping...
It is possible that antiretroviral treatment given early during primary infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may reduce acute symptoms, help preserve immune function, and improve long-term prognosis.
An HIV-1–infected patient had a rebound in viremia when antiviral therapy was discontinued as part of vaccine research protocol. Careful studies showed that this infected initially with subtype AE the virus but then became B. There no evidence dual infection, so data indicate is case superinfection different strain HIV-1. Natural infection does not necessarily produce cross-clade protection, finding may have implications for development against
To assess the impact of primary HIV infection (PHI) on spread and temporal trends in transmission drug resistance between 1996 1999 Switzerland.Sequencing genes for reverse transcriptase (RT) protease was performed 197 individuals with documented PHI. Phylogenetic analyses were confronted epidemiological data.Significant clustering demonstrated 29% RT sequences. All these cases occurred closely together place time; contact tracing at time PHI 30% them. Genotypic detected 8.6% 1996, 14.6%...
Early virological failure of antiretroviral therapy associated with the selection drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in treatment-naive patients is very critical, because significantly increases risk subsequent failures. Therefore, we evaluated possible role minority quasispecies 1, which are undetectable at baseline by population sequencing, regard to early failure.We studied 4 who experienced a first-line regimen lamivudine, tenofovir, and either efavirenz or nevirapine 18...
Objective: To assess the prognostic significance of drug-associated mutations in protease and reverse transcriptase (RT) genes on virological response to salvage therapy. Patients: All patients from four centres Swiss HIV Cohort Study who were switched, between February October 1997, nelfinavir plus other antiretroviral drugs following failure highly active therapy (HIV-1 RNA >1000 copies/ml after >3 months). Methods: Direct sequencing RT derived plasma was performed 62 before Baseline...
Sequence data from resistance testing offer unique opportunities to characterize the structure of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection epidemics.We analyzed a representative set HIV type 1 (HIV-1) subtype B pol sequences 5700 patients enrolled in Swiss Cohort Study. We pooled these with same number foreign epidemics, inferred phylogeny, and identified transmission clusters as clades having minimal size 10 containing >or=80% sequences.More than one-half were included within 60...