A5035588673- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- CAR-T cell therapy research
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Malaria Research and Control
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Complement system in diseases
- Immune cells in cancer
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
University of Maryland, Baltimore
2015-2025
Institute of Human Virology
2006-2013
University of Baltimore
2011
University of Rome Tor Vergata
2005-2007
Biotechnology Institute
2004-2006
Ospedale San Pietro Fatebenefratelli
2002
Abstract Background Persons living with HIV (PLHIV) now live longer due to effective combination antiretroviral therapy. However, emerging evidence indicates that they may be at increased risk for some cardiometabolic disorders. We compared the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its component disorders between persons without in Nigeria. Methods This was a cross-sectional analysis baseline data from prospective cohort study non-communicable diseases among PLHIV along age-...
Abstract In humans, the circulating pool of mycobacteria-reactive Vγ9Vδ2+ T cells is expanded with age and may contribute to Mycobacterium tuberculosis immunosurveillance. We observed that two subsets could be identified on basis CD27 expression in immunocompetent adults, showing functionally differentiated γδ have lost expression. contrast, CD27−CD45RA−Vγ9Vδ2+ cell subset effector was absent cord blood from healthy newborns lacking peripheral HIV-infected patients. Moreover, effectors were...
Circulating Vgamma2Vdelta2 T-cell populations in healthy human beings are poised for rapid responses to bacterial or viral pathogens. We asked whether T cells use the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family recognize pathogen-associated molecular pattern molecules and regulate cell functions. Analysis of expanded lines showed abundant presence TLR2 mRNA, implying that these receptors important differentiation function. However, multiple efforts detect protein on surface cytoplasmic compartments gave...
Background: We evaluated the relationship between maternal HIV and birth outcomes in pregnant women. Setting: Primary health care facilities Malawi. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, women attending their first antenatal (ANC) visit 20-36 weeks gestation were categorized by status. Women living with grouped viral load at ANC delivery (detectable >400 copies/mL), CD4+ count (low <250 cells/mm 3 ), ART regimen (tenofovir- efavirenz-based ART). low weight (LBW, <2500g),...
To evaluate Vgamma2Vdelta2 T cells in a group of HIV-infected patients who suppress HIV replication without antiretroviral therapy (natural viral suppressors, NVSs).: It is cross-sectional study.We compared T-cell frequency, repertoire, and responses to isopentenyl pyrophosphate stimulation between NVSs (n = 21) HIV-uninfected controls 27) taking HAART with suppressed (HIV-P; n 25).NVSs had mean frequency 1.06 +/- 0.82% CD3Vdelta2+ among total lymphocytes, which was significantly higher than...
Abstract A successful pregnancy depends on the maintenance of tolerance at fetal–maternal interface; strong inflammation in placental bed is generally associated with adverse fetal outcomes. Among mechanisms that foster and limit inflammation, immune system favors Th2 or regulatory responses over Th1 responses. The unintended consequence this functional program high susceptibility to infections. Human Vδ2 T cells mount innate-like a broad range microorganisms are poised for before birth. In...
ABSTRACT Lymphocyte subset reference values used to monitor infectious diseases, including HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, or other immunological disorders in healthy children Cameroon, are lacking. Values for Caucasian cohorts already being utilized clinical decisions but could be inappropriate African populations. We report here the profile aged from birth through 6 years Cameroon and also compare our data In a cohort of 352 children, 0 years, relative absolute numbers T-cell subsets, B...
Abstract Immune dysfunction is a hallmark of chronic HCV infection and viral clearance with direct antivirals recover some these immune defects. TCRVγ9Vδ2 T‐cell in treated patients however not well studied was the subject this investigation. Peripheral blood cells from who had achieved sustained virologic response (SVR) or those relapsed after interferon‐free therapy were phenotyped using flow cytometry. Functional potential Vγ9Vδ2 T tested by measuring proliferation to aminobisphosphonate...
Abstract HIV infection causes rapid and lasting defects in the population of Vγ2Vδ2 T cells. To fully describe impact HIV, we examined PBMC samples from HIV+ patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy, who had displayed prolonged viral control CD4 counts above 300 cells/mm3. We observed lower frequencies CD27–/CD45RA– cells individuals when compared with controls, coupled an increased proportion CD45RA+ These changes were common among 24 not related to cell count or RNA burden....
Abstract Background In lymphocyte subsets, expression of CD56 (neural cell adhesion molecule-1) correlates with cytotoxic effector activity. For cells bearing the Vγ2Vδ2 T receptor, isoprenoid pyrophosphate stimulation leads to uniform activation and proliferation, but only a fraction express display potent activity against tumor cells. Our goal was show whether regulated stochastically, similar conventional antigens, or defined lineage committed phenotype. Results Tracking individual clones...
Objective: Determine whether reconstitution of Vγ2Vδ2 T cells in patients with HIV is due to new cell synthesis recovery the T-cell receptor repertoire or proliferative expansion residual from time treatment initiation. Design: Perform a cross-sectional analysis complexity Vγ2 chain treated for HIV, natural virus suppressors who control viremia undetectable levels, chronic low-level absence therapy, and uninfected controls. Apply quantitative methods assess degree Vδ2 loss reconstitution....
Background. Plasmodium falciparum placental infection primes the fetal immune system and alters infant immunity. Mechanisms leading to these outcomes are not completely understood. We focused on Vγ2Vδ2 cells, which part of response against many pathogens, including P. falciparum. These unconventional lymphocytes respond directly small, nonpeptidic antigens, independent major histocompatibility complex presentation. wondered whether malaria, may increase exposure metabolites, triggers a by...
Compared with adults, the circulating Vγ2Vδ2 T-cell population in cord blood is present at low levels and does not show strong bias for Vγ2-Jγ1.2 rearrangements. These features may be a result of limited exposure to stimulatory phosphoantigens, lack T-cell-derived interleukin-2 (IL-2) or both. In mononuclear cell cultures, single round stimulation, using aminobisphosphonates elevate phosphoantigen levels, resulted expansion adult-like Vγ2 chains accumulation memory cells cytotoxic potential....
Interactions between NK and dendritic cells (DC) affect maturation function of both cell populations, including killing DC (editing) that is important for controlling the quality immune responses. We also know antigen-stimulated Vγ2Vδ2 T costimulate via 4-1BB to enhance tumor lines but we do not what regulates expression or whether other effector functions killing, might be influenced by NK:γδ cross talk. Here show γδ through ICOS:ICOSL this signal increases autologous DC. Effects...
Abstract Arenaviruses are transmitted from rodents to human beings by blood or mucosal exposure. The most devastating arenavirus in terms of disease is Lassa fever virus, causing up 300,000 annual infections West Africa. We used a model for which Rhesus macaques were infected with related lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). Our goals determine the outcome infection after inoculation and later lethal challenge, characterize protective immune responses, test cross‐protection between...
Summary Recent studies have suggested that not only αβ+ T cells, but also the less common γδ+ cells may play a role as effectors and immunoregolatory in development perpetuation of allergic inflammation. The objective this study was to focus on atopic dermatitis (AD), chronic relapsing inflammatory disease skin, often associated with bronchial asthma. present employed flow cytometric analysis compare numbers phenotypic characteristics peripheral blood children age-matched healthy controls....
Summary Cord blood T lymphocytes are immature and their functional defect partially reflects a suboptimal level of costimulatory signals provided by neonatal antigen‐presenting cells. Neonatal Vδ2 lymphocytes, small component cellular immunity involved in the response against bacteria, protozoa, virus‐infected cells tumours, also considered to be immature. mostly naïve, proliferate poorly do not produce cytokines model phosphoantigen isopentenyl pyrophosphate. We cultured cord mononuclear...