A5066550655- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- GDF15 and Related Biomarkers
- Gastric Cancer Management and Outcomes
- Esophageal Cancer Research and Treatment
- Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
- Mental Health and Patient Involvement
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Esophageal and GI Pathology
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Colorectal Cancer Surgical Treatments
- Lung Cancer Research Studies
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Neuroendocrine Tumor Research Advances
- Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
- Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Advances in Oncology and Radiotherapy
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Colorectal Cancer Treatments and Studies
- Frailty in Older Adults
- Health Policy Implementation Science
- Gastrointestinal Tumor Research and Treatment
- Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
- Body Contouring and Surgery
Illinois State University
2022-2025
University of Worcester
2022-2024
Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
2021-2024
University of Liverpool
2019-2024
Royal Liverpool University Hospital
2019-2021
Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospital NHS Trust
2020
University of Edinburgh
2009-2018
Edinburgh Royal Infirmary
2003-2018
Glasgow Victoria Infirmary
2015
Wishaw General Hospital
2013
Cancer cachexia is a multi-organ tissue wasting syndrome that contributes to morbidity and mortality in many cancer patients. Skeletal muscle loss represents an established key feature yet there no molecular understanding of the disease process. In fact, postulated regulators originate largely from pre-clinical models it unclear how these translate clinical environment.Rectus abdominis biopsies were obtained 65 upper gastrointestinal (UGI) patients during open surgery RNA profiling was...
Background Intramyocellular lipids are an important source of fuel for mitochondrial fat oxidation and play role in intramuscular lipid homeostasis. We hypothesised that due to the phenotype associated with cancer cachexia, there would exist association between increasing weight loss number/size intramyocellular droplets. Methods Nineteen patients 6 controls undergoing surgery were recruited. A rectus abdominis biopsy was performed processed transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The number...
Profound loss of adipose tissue is a hallmark cancer cachexia. Zinc-α2-glycoprotein (ZAG), recently identified adipokine, suggested as candidate in lipid catabolism. In the first study, eight weight-stable and 17 cachectic patients (weight ⩾5% previous 6 months) were recruited. mRNA protein expression assessed subcutaneous (SAT), morphology was examined serum ZAG concentrations quantified. second cohort, release by SAT determined 18 15 patients. The effect on lipolysis evaluated vitro....
The majority of cancer patients with advanced disease experience weight loss, including loss lean body mass. Severe is characteristic for cachexia, a condition that significantly impairs functional status and survival. underlying causes cachexia are incompletely understood, currently no therapeutic approach can completely reverse the condition. Autophagy coordinates lysosomal destruction cytosolic constituents systemically induced by starvation. We hypothesized starvation-mimicking signaling...
Abstract Purpose: The mechanisms underlying muscle wasting in patients with cancer remain poorly understood, and consequently there remains an unmet clinical need for new biomarkers treatment strategies. Experimental Design: Microarrays were used to examine the transcriptome single biopsies from healthy controls (n = 6) paired [pre-resection baseline (weight-loss 7%) 8 month post-resection follow-up (disease-free/weight-stable previous 2 months)] quadriceps of upper gastrointestinal (UGIC; n...
Background Cachexia affects the majority of patients with advanced cancer and is associated a reduction in treatment tolerance, response to therapy, duration survival. One impediment towards effective cachexia validated classification system. Methods 41 resectable upper gastrointestinal (GI) or pancreatic underwent characterisation for based on weight-loss (WL) and/or low muscularity (LM). Four diagnostic criteria were used >5%WL, >10%WL, LM, LM+>2%WL. All biopsy rectus muscle. Analysis...
Abstract Background In order to grow the potential therapeutic armamentarium in cachexia domain of supportive oncology, there is a pressing need develop suitable biomarkers and drug targets. This pilot study evaluated several candidate skeletal muscle biopsies from cohort upper gastrointestinal cancer (UGIC) patients. Methods One hundred seven patients (15 weight‐stable healthy controls (HC) 92 UGIC patients) were recruited. Mean (standard deviation) weight‐loss was 8.1 (9.3%). Cachexia...
Abstract Purpose: Skeletal muscle wasting and weight loss are characteristic features of cancer cachexia contribute to impaired function, increased morbidity, poor tolerance chemotherapy. This study used a novel technique measure habitual myofibrillar protein synthesis in patients with compared healthy controls. Experimental design: An oral heavy water (87.5 g deuterium oxide) tracer was administered as single dose. Serum samples were taken over the subsequent week followed by quadriceps...
Background Cachexia affects the majority with advanced cancer. Based on current demographic and clinical factors, it is not possible to predict who will develop cachexia or not. Such variation may, in part, be due genotype. It has recently been proposed extend diagnostic criteria for include a direct measure of low skeletal muscle index (LSMI) addition weight loss (WL). We aimed explore our panel candidate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) association WL +/− computerized...
RATIONALE Conventionally, myofibrillar protein synthesis is measured over time periods of hours. In clinical studies, interventions occur weeks. Functional measures such may be more representative. We aimed to develop a novel method determine fractional synthetic rate (FSR) estimate habitual rates, while avoiding intravenous tracer infusions. METHODS Four healthy males were given 100 g water enriched 70 Atom % with 2 H O as single oral bolus. Vastus‐lateralis needle biopsies performed and...
Abstract Background A positive circumferential resection margin (CRM) has been associated with a poorer prognosis in oesophageal and oesophagogastric junctional (OGJ) cancer. The College of American Pathologists defines the CRM as if tumour cells are present at margin, whereas Royal also include within 1 mm this margin. relevance these differences is not clear no study investigated impact adjuvant therapy. aim was to identify optimal definition an involved patients undergoing for or OGJ...
Cachexia is a multifactorial wasting syndrome associated with high morbidity and mortality in patients cancer. Diagnosis can be difficult and, the clinical situation, usually relies upon reported weight loss. The ‘omics’ technologies allow us opportunity to study end points of many biological processes. Among these, blood-based metabolomics promising method investigate pathophysiology human cancer cachexia identify candidate biomarkers. In this study, we performed liquid chromatography mass...
We have investigated the use of human urine as a non-invasive medium to screen for molecular biomarkers carcinomas upper gastrointestinal (uGI) tract using SELDI-TOF-MS.A total 120 specimens from 60 control and uGI cancer patients were analysed establish potential biomarker fingerprint weak cation exchanger CM10 chip surface, which was validated by blind testing further 59 samples 33 26 patients.Using Biomarker Pattern software, we established model with sensitivity 98% specificity 95%...