A5069519521- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Nosocomial Infections in ICU
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- interferon and immune responses
- Trace Elements in Health
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
University of Bergen
2015-2024
Haukeland University Hospital
2014-2024
St.John's Medical College Hospital
2020
LAC+USC Medical Center
2020
Stellenbosch University
2016-2020
University of Copenhagen
2019-2020
St. John's School
2019-2020
GlaxoSmithKline (United Kingdom)
2019-2020
Oslo University Hospital
2019-2020
International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
2016-2017
Importance Lower respiratory tract (LRT) infections, including community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), are a leading cause of hospital admissions and mortality. Molecular tests have the potential to optimize treatment decisions management CAP, but limited evidence exists support their routine use. Objective To determine whether judicious use syndromic polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based panel for rapid testing CAP in emergency department (ED) leads faster, more accurate microbiological test...
Abstract Objective Strong evidence suggests diabetes may be associated with tuberculosis ( TB ) and could influence treatment outcomes. We assessed the role of on sputum culture conversion mortality among patients undergoing treatment. Methods A total 1250 T anzanian were followed prospectively during after 2 5 months. Survival status was at least 1 year initiation At baseline, all participants underwent testing for HIV , serum concentration acute phase reactant alpha‐1 glycoprotein AGP...
Abstract Lack of rapid and comprehensive microbiological diagnosis in patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) hampers appropriate antimicrobial therapy. This study evaluates the real-world performance BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia panel plus (FAP ) explores feasibility evaluation a randomised controlled trial. Patients presenting to hospital suspected CAP were recruited prospective study. An induced sputum or an endotracheal aspirate was obtained from all participants. The FAP...
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of death globally and is estimated to have caused 1.3 million deaths worldwide in 2022. Approximately one quarter the world's population are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, whom up 10% will progress developing active TB disease. Achieving WHO End Strategy targets 95% reduction mortality 90% incidence worldwide, by 2035, daunting task. The continuing spread multi-drug resistant adds another obstacle achieving global control. Larger funding...
Pyrazinamide is important in tuberculosis treatment, as it bactericidal to semidormant mycobacteria not killed by other antituberculosis drugs. also one of the cornerstone drugs retained treatment multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB). However, due technical difficulties, routine drug susceptibility testing Mycobacterium for pyrazinamide is, many laboratories, performed. The objective our study was generate information on among South African MDR and susceptible M. isolates from pulmonary patients....
Cape Town, South Africa.To develop a standardized, reliable measure of household tuberculosis (TB) exposure that considers child-specific risk factors.We assessed TB in 536 children. Children were considered Mycobacterium infected if two three tests infection positive. Principal component analysis identified discrete set components collectively described and contributed to composite contact score. Logistic regression the odds having M. given increasing score while controlling for age past...
The reemergence of tuberculosis (TB) has become a major health problem worldwide, especially in Asia and Africa. Failure to combat this disease due nonadherence or inappropriate drug regimens selected for the emergence multiple-drug-resistant (MDR) TB. development new molecular genotyping techniques revealed presence mixed Mycobacterium infections, which may accelerate drug-resistant strains. There are some studies describing local distribution circulating strains South Africa, but date,...
Interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) have been shown to be sensitive and highly specific for the detection of immune memory against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Little is known about reproducibility within-person variability these assays. Various aspects short-term a commercial IGRA, QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-IT) assay, were assessed. The QFT-IT assay was performed twice within 3 days in 27 health care workers Cape Town, South Africa. Two sets tests by different operators on day 1,...
Background Time to detection (TTD) on automated liquid mycobacterial cultures is an emerging biomarker of tuberculosis outcomes. The M. W-Beijing genotype spreading globally, indicating a selective advantage. There paucity data the association between baseline TTD and Aim To assess predictors failure sputum culture conversion, within first 2 months antitubercular therapy, in participants with pulmonary tuberculosis. Design Between May 2005 August 2008 we conducted prospective cohort study...
Tuberculosis (TB) in children is neglected, mainly due to lack of sensitive diagnostic tools. Recently Xpert MTB/RIF assay has revolutionized the field, but its usefulness pediatric TB not been reported from India and no report available on use long term archived samples.We recruited 130 patients with probable intrathoracic tuberculosis their gastric aspirate (GA) induced sputum (IS) samples 2 consecutive days were collected between January 2009 December 2012. All (n = 520) subjected smear...
Children who are young, malnourished, and infected with HIV have significant risk of tuberculosis (TB) morbidity mortality following TB infection. Treatment infection is hindered by poor detection limited pediatric data.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to describe the microbial aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults admitted a tertiary care hospital and assess impact syndromic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) panels on pathogen detection.MethodsConducted at Haukeland University Hospital, Norway, from September 2020 April 2023, this prospective enrolled with suspected CAP. We analyzed lower respiratory tract samples using both standard-of-care tests BIOFIRE® FILMARRAY® Pneumonia Plus Panel (FAP...
India has the highest estimated burden of tuberculosis in world, accounting for 21% all cases world-wide. However, due to lack systematic analysis using multiple markers available information on genomic diversity Mycobacterium is limited.Thus, 65 M. isolates from New Delhi, were analyzed by spoligotyping, MIRU-VNTR, large deletion PCR typing and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). The Central Asian (CAS) 1 _DELHI sub-lineage was most prevalent comprising 46.2% (n = 30) isolates, with...
Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) is challenging to diagnose, confirmed by growth of Mycobacterium at best in 40% cases. The WHO has assigned high priority the development non-sputum diagnostic tools. We therefore sought identify transcriptional signatures whole blood Indian children, capable discriminating intra-thoracic TB disease from other symptomatic illnesses. investigated expression 198 genes a training set, comprising 47 cases (19 definite/28 probable) and 36 asymptomatic household...
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) causes a large burden of disease. Due to difficulties in obtaining representative respiratory samples and insensitive standard microbiological methods, the aetiology CAP is difficult ascertain. With few exceptions, standard-of-care diagnostics are too slow influence initial decisions on antimicrobial therapy. The management therefore largely based empirical treatment guidelines. Empiric therapy often initiated primary care setting, affecting diagnostic...
Colonization factor antigens (CFAs) mediate attachment of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) to the intestinal mucosa and induce protective immunity against ETEC diarrhea. strains (n = 111) isolated from North Indian children 1985 1989 were examined for CFAs putative colonization factors (PCFs). CFAlIV was most common (26%), followed by surface antigen 17 (CS17) (19%), CFAlI (14%), PCF0166 (7%), CFA/II (5%), while 24% isolates negative PCFs. Among producing heat-stable heat-labile toxin...
Isolates of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing lineage are associated with high rates transmission, hypervirulence and drug resistance. The has been shown to dominate (TB) epidemic in East Asia; however, diversity frequency M. genotypes from Myanmar unknown. We present first comprehensive study describing isolates circulating Yangon, Myanmar. Thus, 310 pulmonary TB patients Myanmar, were genotyped by spoligotyping IS6110-based restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (IS6110...
This study aimed to estimate deficits in weight, arm fat area (AFA), muscle (AMA) and handgrip strength among smear-positive pulmonary TB (PTB+) patients starting treatment. We conducted a cross-sectional PTB+ age- sex-matched neighborhood controls. HIV status, anthropometric measurements were determined. Deficits AFA, AMA associated with estimated using multiple regression analysis. recruited 355 pairs of was 10.0kg (95% CI 7.3; 12.7) weight 6.8kg 5.2; 8.3) females 9.1kg 10.9) 8.4) males....
Reliable identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection or (TB) disease in young children is vital to assure adequate preventive and curative treatment. The tuberculin skin test (TST) IFNγ-release assays may supplement the diagnosis pediatric TB as cases are typically bacteriologically unconfirmed. However, it unclear what extent performance TST QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT; Cellestis' assay test) depends on demographic, clinical nutritional characteristics whom they...
The COVID-19 pandemic was met with strict containment measures. We hypothesized that societal infection control measures would impact the number of hospital admissions for respiratory tract infections, as well as, spectrum pathogens detected in patients suspected community acquired pneumonia (CAP). This study is based on aggregated surveillance data from electronic health records admitted to hospitals Bergen Hospital Trust January 2017 through June 2021, two prospective studies CAP conducted...
ABSTRACT We have developed a rapid colorimetric method for testing the susceptibility of M. tuberculosis to isoniazid (INH) and rifampin (RIF) based on incorporation nitrate in broth cultures containing growth supplements. The performance this reductase-based antibiotic (CONRAS) test was compared with that radiometric BACTEC 460TB system determining susceptibilities 74 strains INH RIF. By using as “gold standard,” sensitivity (i.e., ability detect true drug resistance) specificity...
Undernutrition is common among smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB+) patients. Micronutrient supplementation may improve treatment outcomes, but it unclear whether additional energy–protein would be beneficial. The present study aimed to assess the effect of on weight, body composition and handgrip strength against a background high micronutrient intake during (TB) treatment. A total 377 PTB+ patients co-infected with HIV were randomly allocated one or six biscuits daily for 60 d TB...