A5087166007- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Prenatal Screening and Diagnostics
- Genetic Syndromes and Imprinting
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Renal and related cancers
- Malaria Research and Control
- RNA Research and Splicing
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Animal Genetics and Reproduction
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- interferon and immune responses
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
Institut Gustave Roussy
2010-2024
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2012-2024
Université Paris-Saclay
2017-2024
Université Paris-Sud
2011-2023
Institut Pasteur de Dakar
2008-2016
Institut Pasteur
2010-2011
Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et Technique (CNRST)
2011
PremUP
2010
Institut Jacques Monod
2005
Inserm
2005
Recently, we and others have identified two human endogenous retroviruses that entered the primate lineage 25–40 million years ago encode highly fusogenic retroviral envelope proteins (syncytin-1 -2), possibly involved in formation of placenta syncytiotrophoblast layer generated by trophoblast cell fusion at materno–fetal interface. A systematic silico search throughout mouse genome databases presently identifies fully coding genes, present as unique copies unrelated to any known murine...
In most mammalian species, a key process of placenta development is the fusion trophoblast cells into highly specialized, multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast layer, through which maternofetal exchanges take place. Little known about this process, despite recent identification 2 pairs envelope genes retroviral origin, independently acquired by human (syncytin-1 and syncytin-2) mouse (syncytin-A syncytin-B) genomes, specifically expressed in placenta, with vitro cell-cell activity. By...
In most mammalian species, a critical step of placenta development is the fusion trophoblast cells into multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast layer fulfilling essential fetomaternal exchange functions. Key insights this process came from discovery envelope genes retroviral origin, syncytins , independently acquired by human ( syncytin-1 and - 2 ), mouse syncytin-A B rabbit syncytin-Ory1 ) genomes, with fusogenic properties placenta-specific expression. We previously showed that for formation...
Syncytins are envelope genes of retroviral origin that have been co-opted by the host to mediate a specialized function in placentation. Two these already identified primates, as well two distinct, non orthologous rodents. Here we within rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus-which belongs lagomorpha order- an (env) gene with characteristic features bona fide syncytin, named syncytin-Ory1. An silico search for full-length env uninterrupted open reading frame genome first candidate were tested their...
Syncytins are envelope genes of retroviral origin that have been co-opted for a role in placentation and likely contribute to the remarkable diversity placental structures. Independent capture events identified primates, rodents, lagomorphs, carnivores, where they involved formation syncytium layer at fetomaternal interface via trophoblast cell–cell fusion. We searched similar within suborder Ruminantia placenta lacks an extended but displays heterologous cell-fusion process unique among...
Significance Syncytins are “captured” genes of retroviral origin, corresponding to the fusogenic envelope gene endogenized retroviruses. They present in a series eutherian mammals, including humans and mice where they play an essential role placentation. Here we show that marsupials—which diverged from mammals ∼190 Mya but still possess primitive, short-lived placenta (rapidly left by embryo for development external pouch)—have also captured such genes. The characterization syncytin-Opo1...
Placenta formation and fetal demise A critical step of placental development is the fusion trophoblast cells into a multi-nucleated syncytiotrophoblast layer. Trophoblast mediated by syncytins, encoded endogenous retrovirus–derived envelope glycoproteins. Buchrieser et al. report that interferon-induced transmembrane (IFITM) proteins inhibit syncytin-mediated formation, restricting triggering (see Perspective Kellam Weiss). The results provide molecular explanation for dysfunctions observed...
Syncytins are envelope protein genes of retroviral origin that have been captured for a function in placentation. Two such already identified simians, two distinct, unrelated Muridae, and fifth gene has the rabbit. Here, we searched similar Laurasiatheria clade, which diverged from Euarchontoglires—primates, rodents, lagomorphs—shortly after mammalian radiation (100 Mya). In silico search with full-coding capacity within dog cat genomes several candidate genes, one common to both species...
Significance Retroviral envelope gene capture and exaptation for a placental function has been demonstrated in mammals. Remarkably, structures have also emerged on rare occasions nonmammalian vertebrates, resulting related modes of reproduction. The Mabuya lizard, which 25 Mya, possesses placenta closely to that Here, we identified specific retroviral shows all the characteristic features bona fide mammalian syncytin, being conserved evolution, expressed placenta, fusogenic. Together with...
The yeast yCCR4 factor belongs to the CCR4-NOT transcriptional regulatory complex, in which it interacts, through its leucine-rich repeat (LRR) motif with yPOP2. Recently, was shown be a component of major cytoplasmic mRNA deadenylase and contain fold related Mg2+-dependent endonuclease core. Here, we report identification nineteen yCCR4-related proteins eukaryotes (including yeast, plants animals), all endonuclease-like fold, highly conserved CCR4-specific residues. Phylogenetic genomic...
Intracisternal A-particle (IAP) sequences are endogenous retrovirus-like mobile elements, or retrotransposons, present at 1,000 copies in the mouse genome. These elements transpose a replicative manner via an RNA intermediate and its reverse transcription, their transposition should therefore be tightly controlled by transcription level. To analyze vivo pattern of expression these we constructed several independent transgenic mice with either complete IAP element marked intron promoter, long...
Mammalian genomes contain a high load of mobile elements among which long terminal repeat (LTR)- retrotransposons may represent up to 10% the genomic DNA. The murine intracisternal A-type particle (IAP) sequences, prototype these mammalian “genetic parasites,” have an intracellular replicative life cycle and are responsible for very large fraction insertional mutagenesis in mice. Yet, phylogenetic analyses strongly suggest that they derive from ancestral retrovirus has reached germline...
Usutu virus (USUV) has been isolated in several African and European countries mainly from mosquitoes birds. However, previous benign two recent severe cases of human infections point out the need a tool for identification USUV samples. A published real-time reverse transcription (RT) PCR assay detection blood or cerebrospinal fluid does not take into account genetic variability different geographic regions. Therefore, this article presents quantitative RT-PCR based on sequences Europe...
Significance Syncytins are genes of retroviral origin that have been captured by their host as symbionts for a function in placentation. They can mediate cell–cell fusion, consistent with ancestral envelope gene status, and involved fusion mononucleate trophoblast cells to form the syncytial layer—the syncytiotrophoblast—of feto–maternal interface. We proposed such pivotal emergence placental mammals from egg-laying animals should be present all along Placentalia radiation. searched...
Yellow fever (YF) virus is a mosquito-borne belonging to the Flaviviridae family that circulates in tropical and subtropical areas of Africa South America. Despite availability an effective vaccine, YF remains threat travelers, residents endemic areas, unvaccinated populations. vaccination natural infection both induce production neutralizing antibodies. Serological diagnostic methods detecting virus-specific antibodies demonstrate high levels cross-reactivities with other flaviviruses. To...
Syncytin genes are fusogenic envelope protein (env) of retroviral origin that have been captured for a function in placentation. Within rodents, two such previously identified the mouse-related clade, allowing demonstration their essential role via knockout mice. Here, we searched similar second major clade Rodentia order, squirrel-related taking advantage complete sequencing ground squirrel Ictidomys tridecemlineatus genome. In silico search env with full coding capacity several candidate...
Syncytins are envelope genes from endogenous retroviruses, "captured" for a role in placentation. They mediate cell-cell fusion, resulting the formation of syncytium (the syncytiotrophoblast) at fetomaternal interface. These have been found all placental mammals which they searched for. Cell-cell fusion is also pivotal muscle fiber and repair, where myotubes formed mononucleated myoblasts into large multinucleated structures. Here we show, taking advantage mice knocked out syncytins, that...
Abstract Background Usutu virus (USUV), a flavivirus belonging to the Japanese encephalitis serocomplex, was identified in South Africa 1959 and reported for first time Europe 2001. To date, full length genome sequences have been available only reference strain from single isolate each of Austria, Hungary, Italy. Methods We sequenced four USUV isolates Senegal Central African Republic (CAR) between 1974 2007 compared sequence data strains Italy, using Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo...
Syncytin genes are envelope of retroviral origin that have been exapted for a role in placentation. They involved the formation syncytial structure (the syncytiotrophoblast) at fetomaternal interface via their fusogenic activity. The mouse placenta is unique among placental mammals since comprises two syncytiotrophoblast layers (ST-I and ST-II) instead one, as observed humans all other hemochorial placentae. Each layer specifically expresses distinct syncytin, namely, syncytin-A (SynA) ST-I...