A5028952115- Gut microbiota and health
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Food composition and properties
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Neuroblastoma Research and Treatments
- Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
- Hemoglobin structure and function
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
- Diet and metabolism studies
Yakult Central Institute
2017-2022
The University of Tokyo
2011
Abstract Prediction of individualized responses is one biggest challenges in dietary intervention to modulate human gut microbiota. Bacterial interspecies competition for factors should underlie the inter-subject heterogeneity microbial responses. Microscale localization bacterial species around intestinal food structures could provide direct evidence understanding this, however, little information currently available. Here we analyzed fecal sections and found multiple types colonization...
Each species of intestinal bacteria requires a nutritional source to maintain its population in the intestine. Dietary factors are considered be major nutrients; however, evidence directly explaining situ utilization dietary is limited. Microscale bacterial distribution would provide clues understand lifestyle and nutrient utilization. However, detailed localization around intestine remains uninvestigated. Therefore, we explored microscale habitats murine by using histology fluorescent...
Abstract Gut microbiomics is based on analysis of both live and dead cells in the stool. However, to understand ecology gut microbiota their symbiotic relationships with hosts, spatial distribution bacteria must be examined. Here, we analyzed composition luminal (LM) mucosa-associated (MAM) ascending descending colons rectums 10 healthy adults compared it total composition. The abundance Lachnospiraceae LM decreased along length was significantly lower than that LM. Contrastingly,...
Probiotic products have been shown to beneficial effects on human hosts, but what happens in the gastrointestinal tract after its ingestion remains unclear. Our aim was investigate changes within small intestines a single intake of fermented milk product containing probiotic. We periodically collected small-intestinal fluids from terminal ileum seven healthy subjects for up 7 h by fluid perfusion using an endoscopic retrograde bowel insertion technique. The bacterial composition clearly...
腸内細菌叢を制御することで様々な疾患を治療あるいは予防できるという期待が高まっている。しかし、介入に対する腸内細菌叢の反応には大きな個人差があり、常在菌叢の個人差や細菌間の栄養獲得競争がこの背景にあると考えられる。本総説では、各腸内細菌種が腸内の競争的な環境で栄養を獲得するプロセスを調べる際、顕微鏡レベルでの細菌の局在がよい手がかりとなることを解説する。我々は便切片を用いて食物残渣と細菌の位置関係を探索し、Bifidobacterium adolescentis が腸内のでんぷん顆粒に住みついていることを発見した。この集住はでんぷん顆粒の摂取時に同菌種の保有者全員で観察され、また、同菌種はでんぷん顆粒の摂取により他菌種よりも優先的に、かつ大幅に増加した。同菌種の保有者と非保有者では、でんぷん顆粒摂取時に増加する主な細菌種、産生される主な有機酸、さらにでんぷん顆粒の消費効率が異なった。これらの結果は、細菌の集住がヒト腸内の固形栄養源の独占的かつ効率的な利用に寄与しうること、また、ひとつの栄養源の腸内および人体への作用は主たる集住菌種の有無により変わりうることを示している。