A5089017633- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Genetics and Physical Performance
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Sports Performance and Training
- PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Coenzyme Q10 studies and effects
- Pharmacological Effects and Assays
- Neurogenetic and Muscular Disorders Research
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Circular RNAs in diseases
- Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- Spinal Cord Injury Research
- Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling
The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston
2006-2023
University of Strathclyde
2021
Duke University Hospital
2014-2018
Duke Medical Center
2014-2018
Duke University
2014-2018
National Rehabilitation Center
2010
Galveston College
2010
Wayne State University
2007-2009
American Physical Therapy Association
2009
General Department of Preventive Medicine
2008
We recently showed that resistance exercise and ingestion of essential amino acids with carbohydrate (EAA+CHO) can independently stimulate mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR) signaling muscle protein synthesis in humans. Providing an EAA+CHO solution postexercise further increase synthesis. Therefore, we hypothesized enhanced mTOR might be responsible for the greater when leucine-enriched EAA+CHOs are ingested during recovery. Sixteen male subjects were randomized to one two groups (control or...
Muscle protein synthesis and mTORC1 signalling are concurrently stimulated following muscle contraction in humans. In an effort to determine whether is essential for regulating humans, we treated subjects with a potent inhibitor (rapamycin) prior performing series of high-intensity contractions. Here show that rapamycin treatment blocks the early (1-2 h) acute contraction-induced increase ( approximately 40%) human synthesis. addition, several downstream components pathway were also blunted...
The loss of skeletal muscle mass during aging, sarcopenia, increases the risk for falls and dependence. Resistance exercise (RE) is an effective rehabilitation technique that can improve strength; however, older individuals are resistant to stimulation protein synthesis (MPS) with traditional high-intensity RE. Recently, a novel method, low-intensity RE, combined blood flow restriction (BFR), has been shown stimulate mammalian target rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling MPS in young men....
Abstract Background Sarcopenia, the loss of skeletal muscle mass during aging, increases risk for falls and dependency. Resistance exercise (RE) training is an effective treatment to improve strength in older adults, but aging associated with a smaller amount training-induced hypertrophy. This may be due part inability stimulate muscle-protein synthesis (MPS) after acute bout RE. We hypothesized that adults would have impaired mammalian target rapamycin complex (mTORC)1 signaling MPS...
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) are important nutrient- energy-sensing signalling proteins in skeletal muscle. AMPK activation decreases muscle synthesis by inhibiting mTOR to regulatory associated with translation initiation elongation. On the other hand, essential amino acids (leucine particular) insulin stimulate synthesis. We hypothesized that anabolic nutrients would be sensed both mTOR, resulting an acute potent stimulation human via...
Essential amino acids (EAA) stimulate skeletal muscle mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling and protein synthesis. It has recently been reported that an increase in acid (AA) transporter expression during anabolic conditions is rapamycin-sensitive. The purpose this study was to determine whether EAA availability increases AA human muscle. Muscle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis seven young adult subjects (3 male, 4 female) before 1-3 h after ingestion (10...
Muscle protein metabolism is resistant to insulin's anabolic effect in healthy older subjects. This associated with reduced insulin vasodilation. We hypothesized that aerobic exercise restores muscle anabolism response by improving vasodilation measured blood flow, endothelin-1, Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, and kinetics physiological local hyperinsulinemia two groups subjects following a bout (EX group: aged 70 ± 2 years; 45-min treadmill walk, 70% heart rate max) or...
Our objective was to determine whether endothelial-dependent vasodilation is an essential mechanism by which insulin stimulates human skeletal muscle protein synthesis and anabolism.Subjects were healthy young adults (n=14) aged 31+/-2 yr.Subjects studied at baseline during local leg infusion of alone (control, n=7) or plus the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA, prevent insulin-induced vasodilation.We measured metabolism with stable isotope tracers, blood flow...
Muscle protein breakdown (MPB) is increased following resistance exercise, but ingestion of carbohydrate during postexercise recovery can decrease MPB with no effect on muscle synthesis (MPS). We sought to determine whether a combination essential amino acids (EAA) low or high could effectively reduce exercise and improve net balance (NB). hypothesized that higher levels resulting increases in circulating insulin would inhibit associated signaling, augmented NB. Thirteen male subjects were...
The loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength during aging, sarcopenia, increases the risk for falls dependency. Resistance exercise (RE) training is effective at improving in older adults; however, aging associated with reduced training-induced hypertrophy. Recent research has illustrated an impaired protein synthetic response following acute bout RE adults but much less known regarding effect on breakdown (MPB). We hypothesize that ubiquitin proteasome system autophagosomal-lysosomal may...
Sex differences are evident in human skeletal muscle as the cross-sectional area of individual fibres is greater men than women. We have recently shown that resistance exercise stimulates mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR) signalling and protein synthesis humans during early post-exercise recovery. Therefore, aim this study was to determine if sex influences response recovery from exercise.Seventeen subjects, nine male eight female, were studied fasted state before, for 2 h following a bout...
Ingestion of an essential amino acid-carbohydrate (EAA + CHO) solution following resistance exercise enhances muscle protein synthesis during postexercise recovery. It is unclear whether EAA CHO ingestion before can improve direct measures (fractional synthetic rate; FSR). We hypothesized that a bout would prevent the exercise-induced decrease in FSR and result enhanced rate studied 22 young healthy subjects before, during, for 2 h high-intensity leg exercise. The fasting control group (n =...
Amino acid transporters and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling are important contributors to muscle protein anabolism. Aging is associated with reduced mTORC1 following resistance exercise, but the role amino unknown. Young (n = 13; 28 ± 2 yr) older 68 subjects performed a bout exercise. Skeletal biopsies (vastus lateralis) were obtained at basal 3, 6, 24 h postexercise analyzed for transporter mRNA expression regulators transcription utilizing real-time PCR Western...
Ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) is a downstream component of the mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway and plays regulatory role in translation initiation, protein synthesis, muscle hypertrophy. AMP-activated (AMPK) cellular energy sensor, negative regulator mTOR, an inhibitor synthesis. The purpose this study was to determine whether hypertrophy/cell growth-associated mTOR downregulated during atrophy associated with chronic paraplegia. Soleus collected from male Sprague-Dawley...
A chronic increase in physical activity and (or) endurance training can improve insulin sensitivity insulin-resistant skeletal muscle. Cellular mechanisms responsible for the development of resistance are unclear, though one proposed mechanism is that nutrient overload chronically increases available energy, over-activating mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR) ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) signaling pathway leading to increased phosphorylation serine residues on receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1). The...