A5026994737- Meat and Animal Product Quality
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Pharmacological Effects and Assays
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety
- Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Veterinary Pharmacology and Anesthesia
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Gut microbiota and health
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Food Supply Chain Traceability
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
University of Nebraska–Lincoln
2016-2025
Kansas State University
2021
West Texas A&M University
2002-2019
Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources
2016
Mississippi State University
2007-2013
Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering
2013
University of Missouri
2002-2011
Universitäts Frauenklinik
1975
Computer vision systems have the potential to provide automated, non-invasive monitoring of livestock animals, however, lack public datasets with well-defined targets and evaluation metrics presents a significant challenge for researchers. Consequently, existing solutions often focus on achieving task-specific objectives using relatively small, private datasets. This work introduces new dataset method instance-level detection multiple pigs in group-housed environments. The uses single...
The National Beef Quality Audit-2000 was conducted to assess the current status ofthe quality and consistency of U.S. fed steers heifers. Between May November 2000, survey teams assessed hide condition (n = 43,415 cattle for color, brands, mud/manure), bruises 43,595 carcasses), offal carcass condemnation 8,588 cattle), yield information 9,396 carcasses) in 30 beef packing plants. Hide colors were black (45.1%), red (31.0%), yellow (8.0%), Holstein (5.7%), gray (4.0%), white (3.2%), brown...
The National Beef Quality Audit (NBQA)-2016 used in-plant cooler assessments to benchmark the current status of fed steer and heifer beef industry in United States. In-plant ( = 9,106 carcasses) were conducted at 30 facilities, where approximately 10% a single day's production evaluated for USDA quality grade (QG) yield (YG) factors. Frequencies traits 66.5% 33.4% sex classes 82.9% native, 15.9% dairy-type, 1.2% estimated breed types. Mean YG factors 1.42 cm adjusted fat thickness, 89.5 LM...
Tracking individual animals in a group setting is exigent task for computer vision and animal science researchers. When the objective months of uninterrupted tracking targeted lack discernible differences their physical characteristics, this introduces significant challenges. To address these challenges, probabilistic tracking-by-detection method proposed. The uses, as input, visible keypoints provided by fully-convolutional detector. Individual are also equipped with ear tags that used...
A randomized complete block design with 3 replications (n = 432, 72 broilers per treatment) was used to evaluate the effects of electrical (ES) and vacuum stunning (VS) on broiler breast meat quality. Electrical performed by applying 11.5 V, <0.05 mA, AC DC current for s each broiler. Vacuum accomplished exposing birds a low atmospheric pressure 597 632 mmHg in an airtight decompression chamber. Breast removal then at 0.75, 2, 4 h postmortem method. Color, pH, cook loss, shear force values...
Abstract The National Beef Quality Audit-2016 (NBQA-2016) was conducted to assess current transportation, mobility, and quality characteristics of U.S. fed steers heifers. Data were collected at 17 beef processing facilities between March November 2016. About 8,000 live cattle evaluated for transportation about 25,000 carcasses on the slaughter floor. Cattle in transit facility a mean duration 2.7 h from distance 218.5 km using trailers with dimensions ranging 17.84 m2 59.09 m2. Area...
Abstract Sow lameness results in premature culling, causing economic loss and well-being issues. A study, utilizing a pressure-sensing mat (GAIT4) video monitoring system (NUtrack), was conducted to identify objective measurements on gilts that are predictive of future lameness. Gilts (N = 3656) were categorized describe their lifetime soundness: SOUND, retained for breeding with no detected mobility issues; LAME_SOW, lame as sow; CULL_STR, not due poor leg structure; LAME_GILT, visible...
Abstract Heat stress (HS) triggers oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, and disrupts growth efficiency of livestock. β-adrenergic agonists supplemented to ruminant livestock improve performance, increase skeletal muscle mass, decrease carcass fat. The objective this study was understand the independent interacting effects HS zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) supplementation on transcriptome subcutaneous white adipose tissue longissimus dorsi in steers. Twenty-four Red Angus-based steers were...
A randomized complete block design with 3 replications (n = 432, 72 broilers per treatment) was used to evaluate the effects of electrical (ES) and vacuum stunning (VS) on broiler breast meat quality. Electrical performed by applying 11.5 V, <0.05 mA, AC DC current for s each broiler. Vacuum accomplished exposing birds a low atmospheric pressure 597 632 mmHg in an airtight decompression chamber. Breast removal then at 0.75, 2, 4 h postmortem method. Color, pH, cook loss, shear force values...
Abstract Heat stress hinders growth and well-being in livestock, an effect that is perhaps exacerbated by the β1 agonist ractopamine. deficits are mediated part reduced feed intake, but other mechanisms involved less understood. Our objective was to determine direct impact of heat on ractopamine-supplemented feedlot lambs. Commercial wethers were fed under (40 °C) for 30 d, controls (18 pair-fed. In a 2 × factorial, lambs also given daily gavage 0 or 60 mg Growth, metabolic, cardiovascular,...
One hundred forty spring-born Angus × Gelbvieh and purebred steers were selected for study as early weaned (EW; average age at weaning = 90 ± 30 d) or traditionally (TW; 174 37 that non-implanted implanted (Synovex-S, Fort Dodge Animal Health, Overland Park, KS). Initially, sorted by age, sire, farm, then allotted randomly in a 2 factorial arrangement of treatments EW (EWI), nonimplanted (EWN), TW (TWI), (TWN). Ultrasound measurements (US) LM area (LMA), 12th rib fat thickness (US-BF),...
AbstractBroiler stunning is conducted to produce a rapid onset of insensibility prior slaughter. Though most broiler plants use electrical applications, gas stunning, and low-atmosphere pressure are also available for commercial applications. All three these methods able meet animal welfare requirements meat with acceptable quality. However, each method differs in their mechanisms rigor mortis patterns, physical characteristics. In addition, have received interest over the past decade as...
Abstract Feedlot performance is reduced by heat stress and improved β adrenergic agonists (βAA). However, the physiological mechanisms underlying these outcomes are not well characterized, anecdotal reports suggest that βAA may confound effects of on wellbeing. Thus, we sought to determine how affect growth, metabolic efficiency, health indicators in lambs a feedlot diet. Wethers (38.6 ± 1.9 kg) were housed under thermoneutral (controls; n = 25) or (n 24) conditions for 21 d. In 2 × 3...
Zoological institutions, which were once exclusively for entertainment, are now leaders of wildlife conservation. This centuries-long transition was punctuated by key milestones that reformed wild animal exploitation into a mission protection. Modern zoos perform ex situ activities to preserve natural resources, enabled the housing species. Zoo-managed animals facilitate new scientific knowledge, public education, and strategic breeding maintain genetic diversity. Prioritizing welfare...
Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen responsible for the disease listeriosis. The infectious process depends on survival in high bile-salt conditions encountered throughout gastrointestinal tract, including gallbladder. However, it not clear how resistance mechanisms are induced, especially under physiologically relevant conditions. This study sought to determine L. strains EGDe (serovar 1/2a), F2365 4a) and HCC23 4b) respond bile salts anaerobic Changes expressed proteome were...
Abstract The National Beef Quality Audit–2016 marks the fourth iteration in a series assessing quality of live beef and dairy cows bulls their carcass counterparts. objective was to determine incidence producer-related defects, report cattle traits associated with producer management. Conducted from March through December 2016, trailers (n = 154), animals 5,470), hide-on carcasses 5,278), hide-off hot 5,510) were surveyed 18 commercial packing facilities throughout United States. Cattle...
The instrument grading assessment portion of the National Beef Quality Audit (NBQA) - 2016 allows unique opportunity to evaluate beef carcass traits over course a year. One week data was collected each month from 5 processing corporations encompassing 18 facilities January through December ( = 4,544,635 carcasses). Mean USDA yield grade (YG) 3.1 with 1.37 cm fat thickness (FT), 88.9 LM area, 393.6 kg HCW, and 2.1% KPH. Frequency distribution YG 9.5% 1, 34.6% 2, 38.8% 3, 14.6% 4, 2.5% 5....
The objectives were to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and cutoff values of a visual-based precision livestock technology (NUtrack), sensitivity specificity sickness score data collected with live observation by trained human observers. At weaning, pigs (n = 192; gilts barrows) randomly assigned one twelve pens (16/pen) treatments pens. Sham-pen all received subcutaneous saline (3 mL). For LPS-pen pigs, lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 300 μg/kg BW; E. coli O111:B4; in 3 mL saline). last...
Core Ideas 50–80% of operational taxonomic units can be attributed to the GIT's upstream compartment. Rumen and feces are dominated by firmicutes, 70% which in both compartments. Abomasum, small‐, large‐intestine samples each had distinct composition. Ingesta more proteobacteria bacteroidetes; tissue clostridia. One‐third OTUs pre‐gastric were also found rectum. Biological processes within beef cattle gastrointestinal tracts (GIT) influence animal health, output (feces) is an important...
Crossbred beef steers (n = 189; initial BW 266 ± 27 kg) at low (LO) or high (HI) risk for respiratory disease were assigned randomly to receive a 5-mL s.c. trace mineral (TM) injection containing 75 mg of Cu, 25 Se, 50 Mn, and 200 Zn, physiological saline (SA) upon arrival feedlot. Steers designated as LO vaccinated against common diseases, treated parasites, weaned (45 d) before the study commenced. HI vaccinated, All fed same receiving diet ad libitum period 28 d monitored twice daily...
Maintaining the health and well‐being of animals is critical to efficiency profitability livestock operations. However, it can be difficult monitor in large group‐housed settings without assistance technology. This study presents a system that uses depth images continuously track individual pigs environment. It an alternative traditional manual observation used by both researchers producers for analysis animal activities behaviours. The tracking method exploits consistent shape fixed number...
Abstract To continue the series that began in 1994, National Beef Quality Audit (NBQA) – 2016 was conducted to quantify quality status of market cow and bull beef sector, as well determine improvements made dairy industry since 2007. The NBQA-2016 from March through December 2016, assessed hide-on carcasses (n = 5,278), chilled 4,285), heads 5,720), offal items 4,800) 18 commercial processing facilities throughout United States. cattle were predominantly black-hided; 68.0% cows 67.2% bulls...