Computer vision systems have the potential to provide automated, non-invasive monitoring of livestock animals, however, lack public datasets with well-defined targets and evaluation metrics presents a significant challenge for researchers. Consequently, existing solutions often focus on achieving task-specific objectives using relatively small, private datasets. This work introduces new dataset method instance-level detection multiple pigs in group-housed environments. The uses single...

This study investigated the impact of an increased arginine (ARG) level in a boar diet on semen production, sperm quality, and seminal plasma proteome. Adult Nebraska Index Line boars were assigned to two groups, one receiving control with 0.77% (n = 4) other high-arginine 1.77% 5). Semen was collected twice week over whole experiment, including before, six weeks during, after supplementation. Parameters such as volume concentration assessed immediately collection, alongside motility...

Tracking individual animals in a group setting is exigent task for computer vision and animal science researchers. When the objective months of uninterrupted tracking targeted lack discernible differences their physical characteristics, this introduces significant challenges. To address these challenges, probabilistic tracking-by-detection method proposed. The uses, as input, visible keypoints provided by fully-convolutional detector. Individual are also equipped with ear tags that used...

Abstract Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is the causative agent of a characterized by failure complications (PRRS). Early detection classification PRRSV strains are vital for appropriate management strategies to minimize loss following outbreaks. The most widely used method based on open reading frame 5 (ORF5) sequences. However, effectiveness ORF5-based system in accurately representing genetic variation under scrutiny because ORF5 constitutes less than 5%...

Abstract Sow lameness results in premature culling, causing economic loss and well-being issues. A study, utilizing a pressure-sensing mat (GAIT4) video monitoring system (NUtrack), was conducted to identify objective measurements on gilts that are predictive of future lameness. Gilts (N = 3656) were categorized describe their lifetime soundness: SOUND, retained for breeding with no detected mobility issues; LAME_SOW, lame as sow; CULL_STR, not due poor leg structure; LAME_GILT, visible...

Abstract Background Identification and culling of replacement gilts with poor skeletal conformation feet leg (FL) unsoundness is an approach used to reduce sow mortality rates in breeding stock. Few candidate genes related soundness traits have been identified the pig. Methods In this study, 2066 commercial females were scored for 17 describing body FL structure, association analyses. Genotyping 121 SNPs derived from 95 was implemented using Sequenom's MassARRAY system. Results Based on...

The objective of this study was to estimate genetic associations for gilt growth, compositional, and structural soundness with sow longevity lifetime reproduction. Performance pedigree information from 1,447 commercial females 2 lines were included in the data analyzed. Growth expressed as days 113.5 kg BW (DAYS) compositional traits loin muscle area (LMA), 10th rib backfat (BF10), last (LRF). Structural body structure [length (BL), depth (BD), width (BWD), shape (BRS), top line (BTL), hip...

Sow longevity is a large and often overlooked component of profitability efficiency for commercial swine operations. Culling mortality rates average near 50 9%, respectively, leaving the responsibility on sows that can remain productive past parity 3. A new study was conducted using 2,000 sows, with one-half females being gilts remaining half consisting produced at least 5 litters in same breeding herd. Although culling reasons young have not changed, this revealed primary reason over were...

A sufficient level of intramuscular fat (IMF) is needed to enhance consumer acceptance pork products, and currently receiving greater attention within swine genetic improvement programmes. An examination previously described novel variants candidate genes for IMF deposition was performed evaluate potential use markers in marker-assisted selection (MAS). Biological implicated play a role adipogenesis were investigated two different lines purebred Duroc pigs. These included MC4R, FABP3, DLK1,...

Our recent research showed that antibody response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), measured as sample-to-positive (S/P) ratio, is highly heritable has a high genetic correlation with performance during PRRS outbreak. Two major quantitative trait loci (QTL) on Sus scrofa chromosome 7 (SSC7; QTLMHC QTL130) accounted for ~40 % of the variance S/P. Objectives this study were estimate parameters S/P in gilts acclimation, identify regions associated S/P, evaluate accuracy...

Reproduction traits play an important role in economically viable piglet production and are closely related to the quality length of productive life sow. A increased removal rate young sows is undesirable not only because associated financial penalties incurred, but also ethical concerns. Candidate genes gene pathways have been identified for fertility model species, recent studies provided evidence that polymorphisms within these with reproduction American Yorkshire/Large White Landrace...

The objectives were to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and cutoff values of a visual-based precision livestock technology (NUtrack), sensitivity specificity sickness score data collected with live observation by trained human observers. At weaning, pigs (n = 192; gilts barrows) randomly assigned one twelve pens (16/pen) treatments pens. Sham-pen all received subcutaneous saline (3 mL). For LPS-pen pigs, lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 300 μg/kg BW; E. coli O111:B4; in 3 mL saline). last...

A microsatellite-based genome scan of a Wagyu x Limousin F(2) cross population previously demonstrated QTL affecting LM area and fatty acid composition were present in regions near the centromere BTA2. In this study, we used 70 SNP markers to examine centromeric 24 megabases (Mb) BTA2, including Limousin-specific F94L myostatin allele (AB076403.1; 415C > A) located at approximately 6 Mb on draft sequence significant effect marker was observed (F = 60.17) for area, which indicated that is...

Recently, piglets from a high-health status farm began exhibiting congenital tremors, high preweaning mortality and incidence of splayed legs. Postmortem histological examination identified small number scattered white matter vacuoles in the cerebellum underlying brainstem affected piglets. Presence potential viral sources associated with this neurologic condition was initially infirmed using quantitative PCR for atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV), teschovirus, sapelovirus. Using metagenomic...

Maintaining the health and well‐being of animals is critical to efficiency profitability livestock operations. However, it can be difficult monitor in large group‐housed settings without assistance technology. This study presents a system that uses depth images continuously track individual pigs environment. It an alternative traditional manual observation used by both researchers producers for analysis animal activities behaviours. The tracking method exploits consistent shape fixed number...

Animal behavior is indicative of health status and changes in can indicate issues (i.e., illness, stress, or injury). Currently, human observation (HO) the only method for detecting that may problems group-housed pigs. While HO effective, limitations exist. Limitations include being time consuming, obfuscates natural behaviors, it not possible to maintain continuous HO. To address these limitations, a computer vision platform (NUtrack) was developed identify (ID) continuously monitor...

Summary Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus ( PEDV ) belongs to the Coronaviridae family and causes malabsorptive watery diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration imbalanced blood electrolytes in pigs. Since 1970s, PED outbreaks have become a source of problems pig producing countries all over world, causing large economic losses for producers. Although infection adults is not fatal, naïve suckling piglets mortality close 100%. In this study, we investigated genome‐wide differences between dead recovered...

Escalating replacement rates and production costs warrant attention on sow productive life (SPL). Increasing average SPL by one-tenth of 1 parity would result in an annual revenue increase over $15 million the United States. Research model organisms has revealed conserved genes gene pathways that lead to longer lifespan. The most prominent are those involved growth, notably IGF pathway serve mimic response caloric restriction. objective this research was test hypothesis these well could also...

Two pigs were identified having “extra feet” (preaxial polydactyly) within a purebred population of Yorkshire pigs. Polydactyly is an inherited disorder in many species that may be controlled by either recessive or dominant genes. Experimental matings conducted using had produced affected offspring with the result 12 polydactyl out 95 piglets. One polydactyl-producing boar was also mated to 4 Duroc sows and 8 distantly related produce 129 unaffected offspring. Together, these results suggest...

The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for growth, body composition, and structural soundness traits in commercial gilt lines. data included 1,449 gilts: 462 females from a grandparent maternal line 987 parent line. Growth expressed as number days constant 113.5 kg BW (DAYS) compositional loin muscle area (LMA), 10th rib backfat (BF10), last (LRF). Subjective evaluation completed using 9-point scale included: length (BL), depth (BD), width (BWD), shape (BRS), top...

Abstract Numerous methods have been suggested to incorporate crossbred (CB) phenotypes and genotypes into swine selection programs, yet little research has focused on the implicit trade-off decisions between generating data at nucleus or commercial level. The aim of this study was investigate impact altering proportion purebred (PB) CB in genetic evaluations response performance. Assuming PB performance with moderate heritabilities (h2=0.4), a three-breed crossbreeding scheme simulated...

Semen quality has a dramatic impact on reproductive efficiency in the swine industry, influencing both conception rate and litter size. The objective of this study was to assess whether presence varicocele hinders semen thermoneutral heat stress (HS) conditions. At approximately 6 mo age, ultrasonography used measure left right pampiniform plexus area order detect maternal line boars at University Nebraska-Lincoln. Between 10 12 collected from each boar (n = 28) twice weekly. Boars were...

Table S1 Primers, primer locations, amplicon sizes, locations of SNPs, digestion requirements and banding patterns for porcine SNPs. Please note: The publisher is not responsible the content or functionality any supporting information supplied by authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to corresponding author article.