A5089321382- Tree-ring climate responses
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Forest ecology and management
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Ancient Mediterranean Archaeology and History
- Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction
- Ancient and Medieval Archaeology Studies
- Lichen and fungal ecology
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Maritime and Coastal Archaeology
- Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies
- Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Coagulation and Flocculation Studies
- Archaeological Research and Protection
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Archaeology and Historical Studies
- Cyclone Separators and Fluid Dynamics
- African Botany and Ecology Studies
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Marine and environmental studies
- Astro and Planetary Science
University of Arizona
2014-2025
Climate Centre
2024
Ghent University
2024
Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique
2020
Cornell University
2009-2017
University of Reading
2002-2010
University of Maryland, College Park
1987-2008
ABSTRACT Radiocarbon ( 14 C) ages cannot provide absolutely dated chronologies for archaeological or paleoenvironmental studies directly but must be converted to calendar age equivalents using a calibration curve compensating fluctuations in atmospheric C concentration. Although curves are constructed from independently archives, they invariably require revision as new data become available and our understanding of the Earth system improves. In this volume international both Northern...
ABSTRACT Early researchers of radiocarbon levels in Southern Hemisphere tree rings identified a variable North-South hemispheric offset, necessitating construction separate calibration curve for the South. We present here SHCal20, revised from 0–55,000 cal BP, based upon SHCal13 and fortified by addition 14 new tree-ring data sets 2140–0, 3520–3453, 3608–3590 13,140–11,375 BP time intervals. detail statistical approaches used recommendations use Northern (IntCal20), (SHCal20) suggest where...
Abstract Despite efforts over recent decades, a gap persists in the global network of tree‐ring chronologies tropical Americas and especially for low‐elevation sites. This can be attributed to inherent challenges identifying species well‐suited dendrochronology that form reliably annual rings. Even when seasonal growth rhythms do exist, properly distinguishing true boundaries from false rings any locally absent make process visually crossdating lowland extremely challenging. Here, we combine...
New annual radiocarbon calibration data offer a resolution to controversial dating of the Bronze Age eruption Thera.
Abstract The Sun sporadically produces eruptive events leading to intense fluxes of solar energetic particles (SEPs) that dramatically disrupt the near-Earth radiation environment. Such have been directly studied for last decades but little is known about occurrence and magnitude rare, extreme SEP events. Presently, a few produced measurable signals in cosmogenic radionuclides such as 14 C, 10 Be 36 Cl found. Analyzing annual C concentrations tree-rings from Switzerland, Germany, Ireland,...
Olive trees are a classic component of Mediterranean environments and some them known historically to be very old. In order evaluate the possibility use olive tree-rings for dendrochronology, we examined by various methods reliability identification. Dendrochronological analyses growing on Aegean island Santorini (Greece) show that determination number is impossible because intra-annual wood density fluctuations, variability in tree-ring boundary structure, restriction its cambial activity...
From its inception as a scientific discipline, tree-ring research has been used trans-disciplinary tool for dating and environmental reconstruction. Tree-ring chronologies in some regions extend back many thousands of years, opening up new potential the study climate, people, ecology at annual sub-annual resolution. As such, they are frequently resource diverse range studies spanning Holocene. They also focus constantly evolving array analytical techniques multidisciplinary approaches to...
Significance This study demonstrates how different lines of evidence from tree rings in widely spread growth locations can combine to fix an approximately dated tree-ring record the East Mediterranean Bronze–Iron Age exact calendar-dated range. is high importance for regional chronology and spans time period which major volcanic eruption Thera (Santorini) occurred. Exact dating this important because it provides a prominent marker horizon through ancient timelines Mediterranean, Egypt,...
Decades of research have focused on establishing the exact year and climatic impact Minoan eruption Thera, Greece (c.1680 to 1500 BCE). Ice cores offer key evidence resolve this controversy, but attempts been hampered by a lack multivolcanic event synchronization between records. In study, Antarctic Greenland ice-core records are synchronized using double bipolar sulfate marker, calendar dates assigned each revealed within 'Thera period'. From global-scale sequence volcanic loading, we...
Abstract Basaltic fissure eruptions, which are characteristic of Icelandic volcanism, extremely hazardous due to the large quantities gases and aerosols they release into atmosphere. The 1783–1784 CE Laki eruption was one most significant high‐latitude eruptions in last millennium had substantial environmental climatic impacts. Contemporary observations recorded presence a sulfuric haze over Iceland Europe, caused famine from vegetation damage resulted high occurrence respiratory illnesses...
Reconstructing the absolute chronology of Jerusalem during time it served as Judahite Kingdom’s capital is challenging due to its dense, still inhabited urban nature and plateau shape radiocarbon calibration curve part this period. We present 103 dates from reliable archaeological contexts in five excavation areas Iron Age Jerusalem, which tie between archaeology biblical history. exploit Jerusalem’s rich past, including textual evidence vast remains, overcome difficult problems dating,...
Scots pine is an adaptable and prevalent European tree species that grows naturally throughout Europe has been planted in a wide range of environments. Previous studies have indicated climatic variables affect tree-ring growth patterns this species, but it also possible certain aspects the environment moderate response. In order to understand potential impact shifting climate on important study compared response two populations pine. Trees from similar bioclimatic regions Hungary Poland were...
Compound earthquakes involving simultaneous ruptures along multiple faults often define a region's upper threshold of maximum magnitude. Yet, the potential for linked faulting remains poorly understood given infrequency these events in historic era. Geological records provide longer perspectives, although temporal uncertainties are too broad to clearly pinpoint single multifault events. Here, we use dendrochronological dating and cosmogenic radiation pulse constrain death dates...
Abstract Abrupt radiocarbon ( 14 C) excursions, or Miyake events, in sequences of measurements from calendar-dated tree-rings provide opportunities to assign absolute calendar dates undated wood samples contexts across history and prehistory. Here, we report a tree-ring C-dating study the Neolithic site Dispilio, Northern Greece, waterlogged archaeological on Lake Kastoria. Findings secure an absolute, time using 5259 BC event, with final ring 303-year-long juniper chronology dating 5140 BC....
Abstract The Sun drives Earth’s energy systems, influencing weather, ocean currents, and agricultural productivity. Understanding solar variability is critical, but direct observations are limited to 400 years of sunspot records. To extend this timeline, cosmic ray-produced radionuclides like 14 C in tree-rings provide invaluable insights. However, few records have the resolution or temporal span required thoroughly investigate important short-term phenomena, such as 11-year cycle,...
The interaction between humans and climate has been a main focus of research in recent years, with many studies relying on contemporary data modeling approaches. However, understanding the dynamics this over long timescales necessitates integration paleoclimate records archaeological data. Paleoclimate provide window into Earth's long-term climatic fluctuations, while evidence offers insights human responses to these changes. Amuq Valley is an exceptional study area for investigating...
ABSTRACT In 2018 Pearson et al. published a new sequence of annual radiocarbon ( 14 C) data derived from oak Quercus sp.) trees Northern Ireland and bristlecone pine Pinus longaeva ) North America across the period 1700–1500 BC. The study indicated that more highly resolved shape an annually based calibration dataset could improve accuracy C during this period. This finding had implications for controversial dating eruption Thera in Eastern Mediterranean. To test interlaboratory variation...
Abstract This study develops the use of ‘blue rings’ (BR), reflecting incomplete cell wall lignification, as a sensitive thermal indicator in bristlecone pine ( Pinus longaeva D.K. Bailey). Using double-stained anatomical thin-sections, we explore climatic and topographical constraints governing BR formation by developing time-series from 83 cores comparing occurrence with full temporal span available data (1895–2008 CE). Lignification is temperature-dependent continues at cellular level...
Precipitation around Cyprus, a relatively small island, is generally consistent in year-to-year variation all dimensions except amplitude, with the higher elevations west receiving more precipitation. An annual record of precipitation was found tree-rings predominant pine species, Pinus brutia Ten., which grows from lower foothills up to 1400 m altitude across island. Tree-ring chronologies four sites west-central Cyprus are used here reconstruct September August and drought for AD...
The date of the volcanic eruption Santorini that caused extensive damage toMinoan Crete has been controversial since 1980s. Some have placed event in late seventeenth century BC. Others made case for a younger around 1500 A recent contribution to controversy dating an olive tree branch preserved within ash fall on Santorini. In this debate feature Paolo Cherubini and colleagues argue (which supports older chronology) is unreliable number grounds. There follows response from authors dating,...
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