A5044926534- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
- Seismology and Earthquake Studies
- Geological and Tectonic Studies in Latin America
- Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Landslides and related hazards
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Environmental and Cultural Studies in Latin America and Beyond
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Geography and Education Methods
- Disaster Management and Resilience
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Mediterranean and Iberian flora and fauna
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Geological and Geophysical Studies Worldwide
- Climate variability and models
- Geological formations and processes
- Botany and Geology in Latin America and Caribbean
- Geophysics and Sensor Technology
- Urbanism, Landscape, and Tourism Studies
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Risk Perception and Management
Instituto Geofísico de la Escuela Politécnica Nacional
2015-2024
National Polytechnic School
2004
MIROVA (Middle Infrared Observation of Volcanic Activity) is an automatic volcano hot spot detection system, based on the analysis MODIS data (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer). The system able to detect, locate and quantify thermal anomalies in near real-time, by providing, a dedicated website (www.mirovaweb.it), infrared images flux time-series over 200 volcanoes worldwide. Thanks its simple interface intuitive representation data, currently used several observatories for...
The lowermost section of a Vulcanian or Plinian volcanic eruption column may be thought as momentum‐driven, turbulent, free‐shear jet flow. We propose that large‐amplitude and long‐duration infrasonic (<20 Hz) signals recorded at ranges tens kilometers during powerful eruptions Mount St. Helens, USA, Tungurahua, Ecuador, represent low frequency form noise. A preliminary test this hypothesis is made by comparing the observed spectra to empirically‐derived similarity for pure‐air jets....
The successful handling of Tungurahua’s frequent eruptions during 15 years via permanent instrumental monitoring and good community relations by the Instituto Geofísico Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IGEPN) is due to these factors: 1./ Instrumental Tungurahua volcano IGEPN started a decade before 1999 reactivation. In early increased background seismicity high SO2 readings suggested that magma was stirring. 2./ long-term participation scientists in both volcanic studies has fostered an...
Since 2000, a network of volunteers known as vigías has been engaged in community-based volcano monitoring, which involves local citizens the collection scientific data, around volcán Tungurahua, Ecuador. This paper provides first detailed description and analysis this well-established initiative, drawing implications for volcanic risk reduction elsewhere. Based on 32 semi-structured interviews other qualitative data collected June July 2013 with institutional actors themselves, documents...
More than 100 separate incidents of interactions between aircraft and volcanic ash were documented 1973 2003. Incidents on international flight paths over remote areas have resulted in engine failures significant damage expense to commercial airlines. To protect from ash, pilots need rapid reliable notification ash‐ generating events. A global infrasound array network, consisting the International Monitoring System (IMS) other national networks, has demonstrated a capability for detection...
A series of pyroclastic density currents were generated at Tungurahua volcano (Ecuador) during a period heightened activity in August 2006. Dense flows confined to valleys the drainage network, while dilute overflowed on interfluves where they deposited isolated bodies comprising dune bedforms cross-stratified ash exposed surface. Here, description, measurement, and classification more than 300 are presented. Four types identified with respect their shape, internal structure, geometry...
After eight years of quiescence, Fernandina volcano experienced two short-lived eruptions, on 4-09-2017 and 16-06-2018. The eruptions were characterized by very short periods unrest that started hours before the initiation eruptive activity. On other hand, Sierra Negra (Isabela Island) began a new period 26-06-2018, after almost one year persistent an increase in magnitude number seismic events >5 m uplift since its last eruption 2005. located remote zones where access is extremely...
The deposits of the pyroclastic density currents from August 2006 eruption Tungurahua show three facies associations depending on topographic setting: massive, proximal cross-stratified, and distal cross-stratified facies. (1) massive is confined to valleys slopes volcano. It contains clasts >1 m diameter fine ash material, interpreted as deposited dense flows. Its surface can exhibit lobes levees covered with disk-shaped vesicular large clasts. These fragile must have rafted at flows all...
Abstract We characterize and interpret a new type of infrasound signal originating from the summit Volcán Cotopaxi (Ecuador) that was primarily observed between September 2015 March 2016, following eruptive period. This waveform is slowly decaying sinusoid with exceptional low‐frequency ( f p = 0.2 Hz) high quality factor Q ~10) resembles shape tornillo seismic waveforms. The repeating events, occurring about once per day in early are stable frequency content, we attribute them to excitation...
Successful mitigation of a possible volcanic disaster depends upon the early detection renewed activity. With considerable optimism, volcano observatories instrument dangerous volcanoes, with hope an recognition reactivation volcano. Reventador volcano's November 3, 2002 eruption came little warning and had tremendous socio-economic impact. volcano, young andesitic cone in Eastern Cordillera Ecuador, has had, at least, 16 eruptions between 1541 2002. These were characterized by small...
Ecuador has 55 active volcanoes in the northern half of Ecuadorian Andes. There, consequences volcanism include ashfalls, pyroclastic flows (fast moving fluidized material hot gas, ash, and rock), lahars (mudflows), which result serious damage locally regionally thus are major concern to Ecuadorians. In particular, Tungurahua (elevation, 5023 meters) Cotopaxi 5876 high‐risk volcanoes. Since 1999, eruption activity at continued produced ashfalls that towns villages on flanks volcano. More...
Estimates of lava volume, and thus effusion rate, are critical for assessing volcanic hazard a priority volcano observatories with responsibility monitoring. The choice specific methods used to approximate volume depends on both volcanological practical considerations; in particular, whether field measurements possible how often they can be repeated. Volcán El Reventador (Ecuador) is inaccessible, only made infrequently at few locations its caldera. We present planimetric topographic...
Shifts in activity at long-active, open-vent volcanoes are difficult to forecast because precursory signals enigmatic and can be lost amongst daily activity. Here, we propose that crater vent morphologies, along with summit height, help us bring some insights into future one of Ecuador’s most active El Reventador. On 3 November 2002, Reventador volcano experienced the largest eruption Ecuador last 140 years has been continuously ever since transitions between coexistence explosive effusive...
Ninety-eight Quaternary volcanoes have been identified in the Ecuadorian Andes and Galápagos Islands, from them, nine experienced at least one eruption last twenty years. Additionally, about 35 % of population live areas that could be affected by future volcanic eruptions. The Instituto Geofísico Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN) monitors evaluates Ecuador’s hazards: nineteen hazard maps hundreds related articles published as a result its research. monitoring networks include eighteen...
The volcanoes of Galápagos, Ecuador, are among the most active in world, with an average five eruptions per decade. Monitoring and communication their activity essential for timely management events. In this context, Instituto Geofísico de la Escuela Politécnica Nacional carries out constant surveillance Galápagos using geophysical monitoring, remote sensing, field campaigns support Dirección del Parque Galápagos. Collaborations national emergency agencies international scientists have...