A5087324164- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Climate variability and models
- Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Image Processing Techniques and Applications
- Protist diversity and phylogeny
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Reservoir Engineering and Simulation Methods
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Advanced Biosensing Techniques and Applications
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
Met Office
2014-2024
Harvard University
2007-2023
Nikon (United States)
2020-2023
Imaging Center
2020-2023
The Christie NHS Foundation Trust
2021
Stevens Institute of Technology
2020
University College London
2020
United States Naval Academy
2020
Boston University
1995-2017
Center for Systems Biology
2004-2014
The spindle assembly checkpoint delays anaphase until all chromosomes are attached to a mitotic spindle. mad (mitotic arrest-deficient) and bub (budding uninhibited by benzimidazole) mutants of budding yeast lack this fail arrest the cell cycle when microtubules depolymerized. A frog homolog MAD2 ( XMAD2 ) was isolated found play an essential role in egg extracts. protein associated with unattached kinetochores prometaphase nocodazole-treated cells disappeared from at metaphase untreated...
Until recently, long-range forecast systems showed only modest levels of skill in predicting surface winter climate around the Atlantic Basin and associated fluctuations North Oscillation at seasonal lead times.Here we use a new system to assess predictability climate.We demonstrate that key aspects European American are highly predictable months ahead.We high prediction retrospective forecasts Oscillation, storminess, near-surface temperature, wind speed, all which have value for planning...
The light microscope has long been used to document the localization of fluorescent molecules in cell biology research. With advances digital cameras and discovery development genetically encoded fluorophores, there a huge increase use fluorescence microscopy quantify spatial temporal measurements biological specimens. Whether simply comparing relative intensities two specimens, or using advanced techniques like Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) recovery after photobleaching (FRAP),...
A single unattached kinetochore can delay anaphase onset in mitotic tissue culture cells (Rieder, C.L., A. Schultz, R. Cole, G. Sluder. 1994. J. Cell Biol. 127:1301-1310). Kinetochores vertebrate contain multiple binding sites, and tension is generated at kinetochores after attachment to the plus ends of spindle microtubules. Checkpoint component Mad2 localizes selectively (Chen, R.-H., J.C. Waters, E.D. Salmon, A.W. Murray. 1996. Science. 274:242-246; Li, Y., Benezra. 274: 246-248)...
The Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Ice Analysis (OSTIA) system generates global, daily, gap-filled foundation sea surface temperature (SST) fields from satellite data in situ observations. SSTs have uncertainty information provided with them an ice concentration (IC) analysis is also produced. Additionally, a hourly diurnal skin SST product output each day. run near real time to produce for use applications such as numerical weather prediction. Data production monitored routinely...
Uncertainty in ocean analysis methods and deficiencies the observing system are major obstacles for reliable reconstruction of past climate. The variety existing reanalyses is exploited a multi-reanalysis ensemble to improve state estimation gauge uncertainty levels. ensemble-based signal-to-noise ratio allows identification characteristics which robust (such as tropical mixed-layer-depth, upper heat content), where large exists (deep ocean, Southern Ocean, sea ice thickness, salinity),...
Abstract. The Forecast Ocean Assimilation Model (FOAM) is an operational ocean analysis and forecast system run daily at the Met Office. FOAM provides modelling capability in both deep coastal shelf sea regimes using NEMO (Nucleus for European Modelling of Ocean) model as its dynamical core. Deep suite produces analyses 7-day forecasts tracers, currents ice global 1/4° resolution. Satellite situ observations temperature, salinity, level anomaly concentration are assimilated by each day over...
Abstract This article describes the implementation of an incremental first guess at appropriate time three‐dimensional variational (3 DVAR ) data assimilation scheme, NEMOVAR , in Met Office's operational 1/4 degree global ocean model. assimilates observations sea‐surface temperature ( SST ), height SSH situ and salinity profiles sea ice concentration. The Office is centre to implement required developments are discussed, with particular focus on specification background‐error covariances....
Abstract Integrin αβ heterodimer cell surface receptors mediate adhesive interactions that provide traction for migration. Here, we test whether the integrin, when engaged to an extracellular ligand and cytoskeleton, adopts a specific orientation dictated by direction of actin flow on migrating cells. We insert GFP into rigid, ligand-binding head model with Rosetta its transition dipole relative integrin head, measure fluorescence polarization microscopy. Cytoskeleton ligand-bound integrins...
Sixteen monthly air–sea heat flux products from global ocean/coupled reanalyses are compared over 1993–2009 as part of the Ocean Reanalysis Intercomparison Project (ORA-IP). Objectives include assessing closure, consistency temporal variability, comparison with other products, and documenting errors against in situ measurements at a number OceanSITES moorings. The ensemble 16 ORA-IP estimates has positive bias 4.2 ± 1.1 W m−2. Residual gain (i.e., surface + assimilation increments) is...
The synaptonemal complex (SC) is an ultrastructurally conserved proteinaceous structure that holds homologous chromosomes together and required for the stabilization of pairing interactions completion crossover (CO) formation between homologs during meiosis I. Here, we identify a novel role central region component SC, SYP-4, in negatively regulating recombination-initiating double-strand breaks (DSBs) via feedback loop triggered by designation C. elegans. We found SYP-4 phosphorylated...
Abstract The Met Office Forecast Ocean Assimilation Model (FOAM) ocean–sea‐ice analysis and forecasting operational system has been using an ORCA tripolar grid with 1/4° horizontal spacing since December 2008. Surface boundary forcing is provided by numerical weather prediction fields from the global atmosphere Unified Model. We present results a 2‐year simulation 1/12° model configuration while keeping data assimilation (DA) set‐up. also describe recent enhancements that are included in our...
ABSTRACT Experimentally introduced tension on kinetochores and their centromeres has been shown to stabilize kinetochore attachment microtubules, modify directional instability, regulate cell-cycle progression into anaphase. In mitosis, the stretch of centromere chromatin are produced by movement sister toward opposite poles astral ejection forces chromosome arms. However, newt lung cell oscillate between poleward away from pole motility states throughout indicating not under constant...
Summary In biological fluorescence microscopy, image contrast is often degraded by a high background arising from out of focus regions the specimen. This can be greatly reduced or eliminated several modes thick specimen including techniques such as 3‐D deconvolution and confocal. There has been great deal interest some confusion about which these methods ‘better’, in principle practice. The motivation for experiments reported here to establish rough guidelines choosing most appropriate...
The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) has been observed at 26.5°N since 2004. During 2009/2010, there was a transient 30% weakening of the AMOC driven by anomalies in geostrophic and Ekman transports. Here, we use simulations based on Met Office Forecast Ocean Assimilation Model (FOAM) to diagnose relative importance atmospheric forcings internal ocean dynamics driving anomalous 2009/2010. Data‐assimilating experiments with FOAM accurately reproduce mean strength depth...
The GODAE OceanView systems use various data assimilation algorithms, including 3DVar, EnOI, EnKF and the SEEK filter with a fixed basis, using different time windows. main outputs of operational systems, increments, have been compared for February 2014 in regions. eddy-permitting systems' increments are similar number regions, indicating forecast errors being corrected, while eddy-resolving represent smaller-scale structures mid-latitude regions investigated appear to smaller biases....
The spindle checkpoint detects errors in kinetochore attachment to microtubules and delays anaphase if is improper. activated by attachment-sensitive components including Mad2 certain phosphorylated proteins detected the 3F3/2 antibody. We have studied immunofluorescence grasshopper spermatocytes. As other cells, unattached kinetochores are loaded with highly phosphorylated, whereas after proper attachment, lost dephosphorylated. What it about that produces these changes – microtubule itself...
Abstract The data assimilation scheme used in the Met Office's Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Ice Analysis (OSTIA) system has been updated from an Optimal Interpolation (OI)‐type to a variational scheme. includes dual length‐scale background error correlation operator, flow‐dependent component adjust combination favour of short scale regions high sea surface temperature (SST) variability. improves both analysis performance representation SST features OSTIA compared OI original...