A5003081679- Animal testing and alternatives
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
- Contact Dermatitis and Allergies
- Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
- Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
- Immunotoxicology and immune responses
- Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Occupational exposure and asthma
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
- Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Radiation Effects and Dosimetry
- Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Research
- Skin Protection and Aging
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Cancer and biochemical research
- Biosimilars and Bioanalytical Methods
- Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
- 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Electrochemical sensors and biosensors
Joint Research Centre
2015-2023
An increasing number of manufactured nanomaterials (NMs) are being used in industrial products and need to be registered under the REACH legislation. The hazard characterisation all these forms is not only technically challenging but resource time demanding. use non-testing strategies like read-across deemed essential assure assessment NMs due at lower cost. fact that based on structural similarity substances represents an additional difficulty for as general their structure unequivocally...
Since March 2013, it is no longer possible to market in the European Union (EU) cosmetics containing new ingredients tested on animals. Although several silico alternatives are available and achievements have been made development regulatory adoption of skin sensitisation non-animal tests, there not yet a generally accepted approach for assessment that would fully substitute need animal testing. The aim this work was build defined (i.e. predictive model based readouts from various...
CYP enzyme induction is a sensitive biomarker for phenotypic metabolic competence of in vitro test systems; it key event associated with thyroid disruption, and toxicologically relevant nuclear receptor-mediated pathways. This paper summarises the results multi-laboratory validation study two methods that assess potential chemicals to induce cytochrome P450 (CYP) activity, particular CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP3A4. The are based on use cryopreserved primary human hepatocytes (PHH) HepaRG cells. was...
The exposure of the skin to consumer products, drugs, and environmental chemicals can result in their penetrating barrier entering systemic circulation, potentially resulting adverse effects other organs. assessment dermal penetration bioavailability (including penetration, metabolism, entry into circulation) is therefore an important consideration risk chemicals. a heterogeneous organ with multilayer structure. Based on its architecture physiology, substances penetrate through three major...
Different types of computational models have been developed for predicting the biokinetics, environmental fate, exposure levels and toxicological effects chemicals manufactured nanomaterials (MNs). However, these are not described in a consistent manner scientific literature, which is one barriers to their broader use acceptance, especially regulatory purposes. Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) silico based on assumption that activity substance related its chemical...
The adverse outcome pathway (AOP) is a conceptual construct that facilitates organisation and interpretation of mechanistic data representing multiple biological levels deriving from range methodological approaches including
Meaningful and accurate reference data are crucial for the validation of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) in toxicology. For skin sensitization, multiple datasets available including human patch test data, guinea pig from mouse local lymph node assay (LLNA). When assessed against LLNA, a reduced sensitivity has been reported vitro chemico assays lipophilic chemicals with LogP ≥3.5, resulting reliability restrictions within h-CLAT OECD guideline. Here we address question whether LLNA an...
In order to replace the use of animals in toxicity testing, there is a need predict vivo toxic doses from concentrations that cause toxicological effects relevant vitro systems. The Virtual Cell Based Assay (VCBA) estimates time-dependent concentration test chemical cell and culture for given system. different compartments system are derived ordinary differential equations, physicochemical parameters properties line. VCBA has been developed range lines including BALB/c 3T3 cells, HepG2,...
Silver (Ag) is the most common nanomaterial (NM) in consumer products. Much research has been focused on elucidating potential impact of Ag-containing NMs human health, e.g., cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, or proinflammatory responses. In case responses, a frequently used end point induction nitric oxide (NO), which indirectly quantified as nitrite (NO2-) with Griess reaction. After preliminary studies macrophage-like cell culture system showed anomalous false negative results presence silver...
The use of so-called “in chemico” methodology abiotic assays that measure chemical reactivity is gaining ground as relevant and reliable means toxicity prediction. In this report we explain the basis in chemico approach to prediction review studies have developed concept its practical application since 1930s, with special attention being paid aimed at development Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) models or read-across approaches. covered are limited non-enzymatic...
A survey was carried out to explore opportunities for waiving mammalian acute systemic toxicity tests. We were interested in finding whether data from a sub-acute test could be used predict the outcome of an test. The directed at experts field testing, and context upcoming 2018 final registration deadline chemicals under EU REACH Regulation. In addition survey, retrospective analysis that had already been registered with European Chemicals Agency, which both available, out. This focused on...