A5045923034- Vestibular and auditory disorders
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Ophthalmology and Eye Disorders
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
- Marine animal studies overview
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Glaucoma and retinal disorders
- Craniofacial Disorders and Treatments
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Fusion and Plasma Physics Studies
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling
- Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Microfluidic and Bio-sensing Technologies
- Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment
Tokyo Medical and Dental University
2015-2024
Tokyo Medical University
1994-2009
New York University
1993-2003
Mitsubishi Electric (Japan)
2002
Columbia University Irving Medical Center
1993-1996
University Medical Center
1993
Aldolase C (zebrin) expression in Purkinje cells reveals stripe-shaped compartments the cerebellar cortex. However, it is not clear how these are related to functional localization. Therefore, we identified olivocerebellar projections aldolase by labeling climbing fibers with biotinylated dextran injected into various small areas within inferior olive rats. Specific rostral and caudal were linked an orderly manner common projection across rostrocaudal boundary on lobule VIc-crus Ib. Based...
1. The role of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on the pattern generation properties neuronal ensembles in olivocerebellar system was studied utilizing multiple electrode recordings complex spikes (CSs) from rat crus 2a Purkinje cells (PCs). Initially experiments were combined with microinjections picrotoxin into inferior olive (IO). To corroborate findings, cerebellar nuclei, a major source GABAergic terminals IO, chemically lesioned use kainic and N-methyl-D-aspartate. Both procedures...
The olivocerebellar system is known to generate periodic synchronous discharges that result in (to within 1 msec) climbing fiber activation of Purkinje cells (complex spikes) organized parasagittally oriented strips. These results have been obtained primarily anesthetized animals, and so the question remains whether generates such patterns awake animal. To this end, multiple electrode recordings crus 2a complex spike activity were rats conditioned execute tongue movements response a tone....
1. The issue of isochronicity olivocerebellar fibre conduction time as a basis for synchronizing complex spike activity in cerebellar Purkinje cells has been addressed by latency measurement, multiple‐electrode recording and Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA‐L) tracing climbing fibres the adult rat. 2. was measured cell (CS) responses from various areas cerebellum. CSs were evoked stimulating near inferior olive. In spite difference length, determined directly light microscopy, times...
Projection of neurons in the lateral reticular nucleus (LRN) to cerebellar cortex (Cx) and deep nuclei (DCN) was studied rat by using anterograde tracer biotinylated dextran amine (BDA). After injection BDA into LRN, labeled terminals were seen bilaterally most cases vermis, intermediate zone, hemisphere anterior lobe, various areas posterior except flocculus, paraflocculus, nodulus. Areas dense terminal projection often organized multiple longitudinal zones. The entire axonal trajectory...
The morphology of olivocerebellar (OC) axons originating from the inferior olive (IO) was investigated in rat by reconstructing entire trajectories single that had been labeled with biotinylated dextran amine. Virtually all OC entered cerebellum through cerebellar peduncle (ICP) contralateral to IO, a few exceptions. Although most projection contralateral, projected bilaterally crossing midline within cerebellum. Collaterals could be classified into thick branches and thin collaterals. Thick...
1. With the use of whole-cell mode patch-clamp method, we examined electrical responses hair cells enzymatically isolated from goldfish sacculus. 2. Hair rostral saccule had a short cell body and were ovoidal or eggplantlike in shape, whereas caudal variable shape. Many longer cylindrical gourd-like but some also present saccule. 3. The resting potential about -75 mV. In current-clamp experiments, these elicited damped oscillatory-potential changes relatively small amplitude response to...
The olivocerebellar climbing fiber projection pattern is closely correlated with the of aldolase C expression in cerebellar Purkinje cells. Based on this pattern, can be classified into five “groups” functional compartments. Each group originates from a subarea within inferior olive that projects to multiple cortical stripes cells, all which are either positive or negative. However, no equivalent compartmental organization has been demonstrated nuclei (CN). Thus, CN rat, we systematically...
Abstract Although the overall topography of cerebellar corticonuclear projection formed by Purkinje cell (PC) axons has been described, only a few studies have dealt with organization this at level individual PC axons. Thus, we reconstructed 65 single that were labeled biotinylated dextran amine in rat. We then analyzed relationship between projections these PCs and compartmentalization cortex nuclei based on olivocerebellar aldolase C expression PCs. After giving rise to short local...
In contrast to the uniform anatomy of cerebellar cortex, molecular and physiological studies indicate that significant differences exist between cortical regions, suggesting spiking activity Purkinje cells (PCs) in different regions could also show distinct characteristics. To investigate this possibility we obtained extracellular recordings from PCs zebrin bands crus IIa vermis lobules VIII IX anesthetized rats order compare PC firing characteristics positive (Z+) negative (Z−) bands....
Aldolase C (Aldoc, also known as "zebrin II"), a brain type isozyme of glycolysis enzyme, is expressed heterogeneously in subpopulations cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs) that are arranged longitudinally complex striped pattern the cortex, which closely related to topography input and output axonal projections. Here, we generated knock-in Aldoc-Venus mice Aldoc expression visualized by fluorescent protein, Venus. Since there was no obvious phenotypes general morphology cerebellum mutants, made...
The functional partitioning of the cerebellar cortex depends on projection patterns its afferent and efferent neurons. However, entire morphology individual neurons has been demonstrated in only a few classes vertebrate CNS. To investigate contribution pattern olivocerebellar axons to compartmentalization, we labeled axons, which terminate as climbing fibers, with biotinylated dextran amine injected into inferior olive rat, completely reconstructed trajectories 34 from serial sections...
Abstract Simultaneous recording of complex spikes from multiple Purkinje cells (up to 44) in the rat cerebellum was used examine effects 5‐hydroxytryptamine (serotonin, 5‐HT) on olivocerebellar function. Microinjection into inferior olive found increase average firing rate olivary neurons while slowing their oscillation frequency and increasing coherence oscillations. Indeed, normal rostrocaudal band synchronous activity remained unchanged, degree synchrony between cell within this enhanced...
Abstract Aldolase C (zebrin II) is expressed in Purkinje cells aligned complicated longitudinal stripe‐shaped compartments. The tight link between these aldolase compartments and the topographic olivocerebellar projection to them has made it possible identify each compartment as a target of specific subarea inferior olive thus functionally distinct entity rat. However, unknown whether overall organization preserved other mammals. In this study, we tried clarify mouse, which more useful...
Simultaneous recordings of the left and right crus IIA cerebellar cortex in rat have demonstrated that Purkinje cells both sides can be activated synchronously by their climbing fibers. Because fibers arise exclusively from contralateral inferior olive (IO), this physiological finding seems to contradict anatomy. To define structural basis responsible for bilateral synchrony, we examined possibilities common afferent inputs IO interolivary connections form underlying mechanisms. The...
Abstract An adult olivocerebellar axon ramifies into about seven climbing fibers that innervate single Purkinje cells arranged in a longitudinal microzone. To clarify the developmental basis of this projection, individual axons were labeled with biotinylated dextran amine injected inferior olive rats at postnatal days 4–7. The entire trajectories and terminal arbors reconstructed from serial sections cerebellum medulla. Single ramified terminated narrow band‐shaped area comparable to This...
Although cerebellar mossy fibers are the most abundant afferents and deeply involved in function, organization of their projection has remained obscure, particularly relation to compartmentalization. The dorsal column nuclei (DCN) a major source possess distinct somatotopic representations specific somatosensory submodalities. We reconstructed individual dextran-labeled DCN axons completely from serial sections mapped terminals on longitudinal compartments that were visualized by aldolase C...
Compartmentalization is essential for a brain area to be involved in different functions through topographic afferent and efferent connections that reflect this organization. The adult cerebellar cortex compartmentalized into longitudinal stripes, which Purkinje cells (PCs) have compartment-specific molecular expression profiles. How these compartments form during development generally not understood. To investigate process, we focused on the late developmental stages of compartmentalization...
Abstract The basilar pontine nucleus (PN) is the key relay point for cerebrocerebellar link. However, projection pattern of pontocerebellar mossy fiber axons, which essential in determining functional organization cerebellar cortex, has not been fully clarified. We reconstructed entire trajectory 25 single axons labeled by localized injection biotinylated dextran amine into various locations PN and mapped all their terminals an unfolded scheme cerebellum 10 mice. majority (20/25 axons)...
The vibrissal movements known as whisking are generated in a pulsatile, or non-continuous, fashion and comprise sequences of brief regularly spaced movements. These rhythmic timing imply the existence periodically issued motor commands. As inferior olivary (IO) neurones generate periodic synchronous discharges that could provide underlying signal, this possibility was tested by determining whether olivocerebellar system modulates cortex (MCtx)-triggered whisker rats. Trains current pulses...