A5010368240- Ethics in medical practice
- Healthcare cost, quality, practices
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Ethics in Clinical Research
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
- Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Ethics and Legal Issues in Pediatric Healthcare
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Patient Dignity and Privacy
- Biomedical Ethics and Regulation
- Neuroethics, Human Enhancement, Biomedical Innovations
- Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Political Philosophy and Ethics
- Healthcare Policy and Management
- Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment
- Empathy and Medical Education
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Healthcare Decision-Making and Restraints
- Assisted Reproductive Technology and Twin Pregnancy
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Health and Conflict Studies
University of Bergen
2015-2025
University of Oslo
2011-2025
Institute of Medical Ethics
2023
Harvard Global Health Institute
2022
Metropolitan University
2018
OsloMet – Oslo Metropolitan University
2018
Primary HealthCare
2014
Primary Health Care
2014
Pregnant women who request a cesarean section in the absence of obstetric indication have become highly debated issue academic as well popular literature. In order to find adequate, targeted treatment and preventive strategies, we need better understanding this phenomenon. The aim study is provide qualitative exploration maternal requests for planned Norway, indications.A descriptive was conducted consisting 17 semi-structured, in-depth interviews with requesting six focus group discussions...
Artificial intelligence holds great promise in terms of beneficial, accurate and effective preventive curative interventions. At the same time, there is also awareness potential risks harm that may be caused by unregulated developments artificial intelligence. Guiding principles are being developed around world to foster trustworthy development application systems. These guidelines can support developers governing authorities when making decisions about use The High-Level Expert Group on...
Background: Over 80 countries have now signed up to the COP26 Health Programme—a World Organization (WHO)-led initiative on climate change and health—of which 45 committed reaching net zero emissions before 2050. Efforts reduce healthcare’s carbon footprint raise conceptual, ethical practical challenges for efficient fair resource allocation. This study investigates how civil servants leading development implementation of national healthcare strategies conceptualise responsibility health...
This paper reports the process and outcome of a consensus finding project, which began with meeting at Brocher Foundation in May 2015. The project sought to generate reach on standards practice for Empirical Bioethics research. involved 16 academics from 5 different European Countries, range disciplinary backgrounds.The used modified Delphi approach.Consensus was reached 15 practice, organised into 6 domains research (Aims, Questions, Integration, Conduct Work, Normative Work; Training &...
Medicine is not merely a job that requires technical expertise, but profession concerned with making the best decisions and recommendations reference to, in consultation with, patient. This means skill set required for healthcare professionals order to provide good care combination of scientific knowledge, aptitude, affective qualities or virtues such as compassion empathy.
Abstract This article examines the role of medical doctors, AI designers, and other stakeholders in making applied machine learning ethically acceptable on general premises shared decision-making medicine. Recent policy documents such as EU strategy trustworthy research literature have often suggested that could be made by increased collaboration between developers stakeholders. The articulates four central alternative models how can designed patient care, which we call ordinary evidence...
Abstract Translational ethics (TE) has been developed into a specific approach, which revolves around the argument that strategies for bridging theory‐practice gap in bioethics must themselves be justified on ethical terms. This version of TE incorporates normative, empirical and foundational research continues to develop through application face new challenges. Here, I explore idea academic field not yet sufficiently analysed its own philosophical foundation how it can, should, practically...
Severe malaria poses a significant challenge to under-five children in Malawi, leading high rates of hospitalization and mortality. The World Health Organization has recently recommended post-discharge chemoprevention (PDMC) as preventive strategy for with severe anaemia malaria-endemic regions. In response this recommendation, Malawi's Ministry (MoH) plans implement PDMC nationwide. To facilitate effective implementation, the MoH partnered Training Research Unit Excellence (TRUE) conduct...
South Africa, the country with largest HIV epidemic worldwide, has been scaling up treatment since 2003 and is rapidly expanding its eligibility criteria. The programme achieved significant results, had 1.8 million people on per 2011. Despite these achievements, it now facing major concerns regarding (i) efficiency: alternative policies may save more lives for same budget; (ii) equity: there are large inequalities in who receives treatment; (iii) feasibility: still only 52% of eligible...
Translational research in medicine requires researchers to identify the steps transfer basic scientific discoveries from laboratory benches bedside decision-making, and eventually into clinical practice. On a parallel track, philosophical work ethics has not been obliged translate theoretical conclusions adequate The medical ethicist A. Cribb suggested some years ago that it is now time debate ‘the business of translational’ ethics. Despite very interesting useful perspective on field...
The main aim of this paper is to examine the fairness different ways holding people responsible for healthcare-related choices. Our focus on conceptualisations responsibility that involve blame and sanctions, our analytical approach provide a systematic discussion based interrelated successive health-related, lifestyle choices an individual. We assess already established risk-sharing, backward-looking forward-looking views according variety standard objections. In conclusion, all proposed...
Aims: Immunisation causes dramatic reductions in morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases; however, resistance to vaccination is nonetheless widespread. An understudied issue – explored here whether appeals collective as opposed individual benefits of encourage people vaccinate. Knowledge this important not least with respect the design public health campaigns, which often lack information about vaccination. Methods: Using a between-subjects experimental survey design, we test...
To demonstrate what it takes to reconcile the idea of fairness in medical algorithms and machine learning (ML) with broader discourse health equality research.The methodological approach used this paper is theoretical ethical analysis.We show that question ensuring comprehensive ML interrelated three quandaries one dilemma.As depends on a nexus inherent justice concerns embedded research, conceptualisation called for make notion useful.This demonstrates more analytical work needed...
The overall aim of this article is to discuss the organization limit setting in healthcare terms legitimacy. We argue there a strong ethical demand that such processes should be arranged provide adversely affected people well-justified reasons confer legitimacy despite favouring different decision-making outcome. Two increasingly popular approaches, Accountability for Reasonableness (A4R) and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA), can both applied support legitimate processes. However,...
What are the criteria for reasonable clinical judgements? The reasonableness of macro-level decision-making has been much discussed, but little attention paid to applying guidelines generated at a individual cases. This paper considers framework that will capture cases where relevant cannot reasonably be followed. There three main sections. (1) Individual claims on healthcare from point view concerns about equity analysed. (2) demands responsibility and professional performance how...
Accountable decision-makers are required to legitimize their priority setting decisions in health members of society. In this perspective we stress the point that fair, legitimate processes should reflect efforts authorities treat all stakeholders as moral equals terms providing people with well-justified, reasonable reasons endorse decisions. We argue there is a special concern for being accountable those who potentially adversely affected by Health need operationalize requirement into real...
Caesarean delivery is a common and life-saving intervention. However, it involves an overall increased risk for short-term long-term complications both mother child compared with vaginal delivery. From medical point of view, healthcare professionals should, therefore, not recommend caesarean sections without any anticipated benefit. Consequently, requested by women maternal reasons can cause conflict between professional recommendations autonomy. How we assure ethically justified decisions...
We argue that deliberative decision-making is inclusive, transparent and accountable can contribute to more trustworthy legitimate decisions on difficult ethical questions political trade-offs during the pandemic beyond.
Abstract Should we let personal responsibility for health-related behavior influence the allocation of healthcare resources? In this paper, clarify what it means to be responsible an action. We rely on a crucial conceptual distinction between being and holding someone responsible, show that even though might considered blameworthy our actions, there could still well-justified reasons not considering reasonable hold us by giving lower priority. transform these philosophical considerations...
Abstract Ethiopia is experiencing an increasing frequency and intensity of slow‐onset acute disasters caused by climate change, with significant health impacts. Understanding addressing these impacts involves trade‐offs, which are central to effective priority setting in overarching efforts meet the Sustainable Development Goals. Despite minimal historic greenhouse gas emissions, has been at forefront action since launching Climate‐Resilient Green Economy (CRGE) 2011, a low‐carbon...
It is well documented that the higher socioeconomic status (SES) of patients, better their health and life expectancy. SES also influences use services—the patients' SES, more time specialised services provided. This leads to following question: should clinicians give priority individual patients with low in order enhance equity? Some argue equity best preserved by physicians who remain loyal ‘ordinary medical fairness’ non-ideal circumstances when disparities persist; ie, doctors allocate...