A5084249878- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Coccidia and coccidiosis research
- Malaria Research and Control
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- interferon and immune responses
- Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Amoebic Infections and Treatments
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- Herbal Medicine Research Studies
- Complement system in diseases
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- ATP Synthase and ATPases Research
Wellcome Trust
2013
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2005-2012
Queen Mary University of London
2008-2012
University of London
2004-2009
University of Cologne
2004
Abstract The role of Toll‐like receptors (TLR) and MyD88 for immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ) infection remains controversial. To address the impact TLR‐mediated pathogen recognition MyD88‐dependent signaling events on anti‐mycobacterial host responses, we analyzed outcome in TLR2/4/9 triple‐ MyD88‐deficient mice. After aerosol infection, both TLR2/4/9‐deficient wild‐type mice expressed pro‐inflammatory cytokines promoting antigen‐specific T cells production IFN‐γ...
Neutrophils enter sites of infection, where they can eliminate pathogenic bacteria in an oxidative manner. Despite their predominance active tuberculosis lesions, the function neutrophils this important human infection is still highly controversial. We observed that virulent Mycobacterium survived inside despite prompt activation these defence cells' microbicidal effectors. Survival M. was accompanied by necrotic cell death infected neutrophils. Necrotic entirely depended on radical oxygen...
Rapid cell-mediated immune responses, characterized by production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IFN-gamma, can inhibit intraerythrocytic replication malaria parasites and thereby prevent onset clinical malaria. In this study, we have the kinetics cellular sources very early IFN-gamma response to Plasmodium falciparum-infected RBCs among human PBMCs. We find that NK cells dominate (12-18 h) response, T contribute equally at 24 h, increasingly from 48 h onward. also although gammadelta...
Data from a variety of experimental models suggest that natural killer (NK) cells require signals accessory in order to respond optimally pathogens, but the precise identity able provide such depends upon nature infectious organism. Here we show ability human NK produce interferon-γ response stimulation by Plasmodium falciparum–infected red blood (iRBCs) is strictly dependent multiple, contact-dependent and cytokine-mediated derived both monocytes myeloid dendritic (mDCs). Contrary some...
Tuberculosis remains the most hazardous bacterial infection worldwide. The causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a facultative intracellular pathogen of resting MPhi. IFN-gamma secreted by natural killer, CD4 Th 1 and CD8 T cells upon instruction IL-12 -18 activates MPhi to restrict mycobacterial growth. Production both cytokines induced TLR signalling in DC Mice deficient for adaptor, MyD88, are highly susceptible M. tuberculosis infection. Shared usage MyD88 cascades receptors...
Abstract Human NK cells can respond rapidly to Plasmodium falciparum-infected RBC (iRBC) produce IFN-γ. In this study, we have examined the heterogeneity of response among malaria-naive blood donors. Cells from all donors become partially activated (up-regulating CD69, perforin, and granzyme) upon exposure iRBC but only a subset fully (additionally up-regulating CD25, IFN-γ, surface expression lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP-1)). Although both CD56dim CD56bright cell...
A gamma interferon (IFN-gamma)-dependent innate immune response operates against the intestinal parasite Cryptosporidium parvum in T- and B-cell-deficient SCID mice. Although NK cells are a major source of IFN-gamma immunity, their protective role C. has been unclear. The immunity was investigated using Rag2-/- mice, which lack T B cells, gammac-/- which, addition, cells. Adult mice both knockout lines developed progressive chronic infections; however, on most days level oocyst excretion...
Type II interferon (IFN), IFN-gamma, is important in innate immunity to the intestinal protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium species, which infects epithelial cells (enterocytes). This investigation is, our knowledge, first characterize role of type I IFN this parasite. Pretreatment human or murine enterocyte cell lines with IFN-alpha/beta inhibited development, and we identified that a key mechanism cytokine action was prevent invasion enterocytes. rapidly expressed by infected enterocytes...
The apicomplexan parasite Cryptosporidium parvum, the agent of cryptosporidiosis, primarily infects and reproduces in enterocytes. Interferon (IFN)-gamma is important for early control infection acts directly on enterocytes to inhibit development, although complete inhibition not obtained. Addressing this latter observation, an investigation was made modulatory effect C. parvum IFN-gamma-dependent enterocyte gene expression. Initial studies showed that IFN-gamma-induced expression...
IFN-gamma emanating from NK cells is an important component of innate defense against infection. In this study, we demonstrate that, following in vitro stimulation human peripheral blood with a variety microbial ligands, CD56(dim) as well CD56(bright) contribute to the overall cell response with, for most donors, IFN-gamma(+) outnumbering cells. We also observe that magnitude ligands varies between individuals; antimicrobial CD56(bright), but not CD56(dim), highly correlated myeloid...
Cryptosporidiosis is an important diarrheal disease of humans and neonatal livestock caused by Cryptosporidium spp. that infect epithelial cells. Recovery from parvum infection in adult hosts involves CD4(+) T cells with a strong Th1 component, but mechanisms immunity neonates are not well characterized. In the present investigation newborn mice, similar acute patterns were obtained C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) B cell-deficient Rag2(-/-) mice. comparison uninfected controls, proportion intestinal...
SUMMARY The microsporidian Encephalitozoon intestinalis develops within intestinal epithelial cells (enterocytes) and is an important opportunistic diarrhoeal pathogen associated with AIDS. Little known about the protective immune response against parasite although in mice IFN‐γ involved required to prevent dissemination of infection other organs. present study was designed establish a suitable short‐term vitro culture technique for E. that would enable studies role cytokines such as...
Malaria is associated with an increase in HIV viral load and a fall CD4-cell count. Conversely, infection disrupts the acquired immune responses to malaria efficacy of antimalarial drugs. This study was carried out five Ghanaian hospitals estimate prevalence clinically confirmed among patients by evaluating their hospital records.This retrospective descriptive cross sectional reviewed collected data on malaria, using Case Record Forms from patients' folders Ghana.There were 933 records made...