Peanut is one of the major source for human consumption worldwide and its seed contain approximately 50% oil. Improvement oil content quality traits (high oleic low linoleic acid) in peanut could be accelerated by exploiting linked markers through molecular breeding. The objective this study was to identify QTLs associated with content, estimate relative contribution FAD2 genes (ahFAD2A ahFAD2B) two recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations. Improved genetic linkage maps were developed...

Peanut, a high-oil crop with about 50% oil content, is either crushed for or used as edible products. Fatty acid composition determines the quality which has high relevance to consumer health, flavor, and shelf life of commercial In addition major fatty acids, oleic (C18:1) linoleic (C18:2) accounting 80% peanut oil, six other acids namely palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0), arachidic (C20:0), gadoleic (C20:1), behenic (C22:0), lignoceric (C24:0) are accounted rest 20%. To determine genetic...

Peanut seeds contain high amounts of oil and protein as well some useful bioactive phytochemicals which can contribute to human health. The U.S. peanut mini-core collection is an important genetic resource for improving seed quality developing new cultivars. Variability chemical composition within the was evaluated from freshly harvested two years. Oil, fatty acid composition, flavonoid/resveratrol content were quantified by NMR, GC, HPLC, respectively. Significant variability detected in...

Abstract Plant germplasm is the most basic genetic resource for plant cultivar improvement and development. Mining collections can identify accessions that are advantageous breeding programs. To sesame with desirable seed nutritional quality traits, entire USDA collection (1231 accessions) was screened oil content, fatty acid composition, 100‐seed weight. We identified significant variability in weight (mean: 0.32 g, range: 0.1–0.5 g) content 54.9%, range 28.3%–65.5%) among accessions....

We investigated phylogeographic divergence among populations of Galápagos warbler finches. Their broad distribution, lack phenotypic differentiation and low levels genetic make finches an appropriate model to study speciation in allopatry. A positive relationship between geographical distances is expected for island taxa. Warbler actually showed a negative isolation by distance relationship, causing us reject the hypothesis distance‐limited dispersal. An alternative hypothesis, that...

The Hibiscus genus encompasses more than 300 species, but kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) and roselle sabdariffa are the two most economically important species within genus. Seeds from these contain a relatively high amount of oil with unusual fatty acids: dihydrosterculic vernolic acids. acid composition in can directly affect quality its utilization. However, variability content for is unclear. For 329 available accessions were acquired USDA germplasm collection. Their determined by...

The level of oleic acid in peanut seed is one the most important factors determining quality and controlled by two pairs homeologous genes ( FAD2A FAD2B). genotypes eight F8 breeding lines were determined as AABB, aaBB, AAbb, aabb real-time polymerase chain reaction sequencing. Fresh seeds collected from five developmental stages and, after drying, used for chemical analysis. Our results showed that (1) developed, weight, oil content, significantly increased, whereas four other fatty levels...

Abstract This research aimed to compare the effects of monosodium glutamate (MSG) and its alternatives on sensory characteristics chicken soup. High‐performance liquid chromatography analysis was carried out quantify umami substances in potential MSG alternatives. Two mushroom extracts (CE MC), one tomato extract (TC), yeast (YE) powders were selected due their high equivalent concentration (EUC). These together with then applied individually at four different levels (CE, MC, TC, MSG: 0.05%,...

Castor has tremendous potential as a feedstock for biodiesel production. The oil content and fatty acid composition in castor seed are important factors determining the price production affecting key fuel properties of biodiesel. There 1033 available accessions collected or donated from 48 countries worldwide USDA germplasm collection. entire collection was screened by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) gas chromatography (GC), respectively. seeds on average contain 48.2% with significant...

Abstract The rainbow darter Etheostoma caeruleum is a small fish in the perch family (Percidae) that adapted to fast‐flowing streams eastern North America. It relatively sensitive habitat degradation and widely used as sentinel of stream condition. To provide complementary tool for assessing integrity ecosystems, 16 highly polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellite markers were identified these darters. Between four loci found be useful five congeneric species. These will characterizing...

Horse gram [Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.] seeds containing high concentrations of fatty acids, flavonols and minerals should provide government, public private organizations with a nutritious healthy food for use by malnourished deprived people worldwide. Seeds from seven horse accessions, geographically adapted to Griffin, GA, USA were analyzed acid, flavonol, mineral using gas chromatography, reverse-phase performance liquid inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy,...

Castor is an important oilseed crop and although its oil inedible, it has multiple industrial pharmaceutical applications. The entire US castor germplasm collection was previously screened for content fatty acid composition, but genetic diversity population structure not been determined. Based on the screening results of content, country origins, 574 accessions were selected genotyped with 22 polymorphic EST-SSR markers. from cluster analysis, structure, principal component analysis...

Following juice crushing for sugar or bioethanol production from sugarcane, bagasse (SCB) is generated as the main lignocellulosic by-product. This study utilized SCB by a hydraulic press feedstock to evaluate extraction well adsorption potential. Total soluble (sucrose, glucose, and fructose) of 0.4 g/g was recovered with H 2 O in this case. Insoluble sugar, that is, cellulose SCB, further hydrolyzed into glucose (2%–31%) cellulase enzyme, generating new residue (SCBE). Persulfate...

ABSTRACT Protein percentage and mineral concentrations are important parameters for determining the seed nutrition quality. Although U.S. peanut mini-core collection is genetic resources breeding programs, variability in protein this has not been well evaluated. The lack of information may hinder its optimum utilization. seeds from were collected two field seasons. Their 95 accessions determined by nitrogen analysis inductively coupled plasma – optical emission spectrometry, respectively....

Abstract Products from peanut seeds are nutritious for human and/or animal consumption. Peanut seed nutritional quality is determined by the genotype (G) of cultivars or accessions, environmental conditions (E), and their interactions (G × E). To evaluate effects genotype, environment, on quality, 52 germplasm which vary in oil content fatty acid composition, were planted at three locations (Citra, FL; Byron, GA; Clovis, NM) 2 years (2017 2018). The harvested analyzed protein, oil,...

Sweet sorghum has become an important feedstock for bioethanol production. Total sugar yield and multiple harvests can directly affect ethanol production cost. Little is known about stem traits that contribute to in sweet sorghum. Stem were evaluated from 25 grain accessions. Stems harvested twice at the soft-dough stage stems pressed with a hydraulic press. Sugars juice quantified by high performance liquid chromatography. produced five times more fresh weight dry mass (830 gand164 g) than...

Sesame germplasm harbors genetic diversity which can be useful for sesame improvement in breeding programs. Seven accessions with different levels of oleic acid were selected from the entire USDA collection (1232 accessions) and planted morphological observation re-examination fatty composition. The coding region FAD2 gene desaturase (FAD) these was also sequenced. Cultivated flowered matured earlier than wild species. cultivated seeds contained a significantly higher percentage (40.4%)...

Sesame is one of the important oilseed crops in world. Natural genetic variation exists sesame germplasm collection. Mining and utilizing allele from collection an approach for seed quality improvement. The accession, PI 263470, which has a significantly higher level oleic acid (54.0%) than average (39.5%), was identified by screening entire USDA seeds this accession were planted greenhouse. Leaf tissues harvested individual plants. DNA sequencing coding region fatty desaturase gene (FAD2)...