A5065027404- Energy and Environment Impacts
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Municipal Solid Waste Management
- Urban and Rural Development Challenges
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Healthcare and Environmental Waste Management
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Noise Effects and Management
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
- Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies
- Sex work and related issues
- Global Health Care Issues
- Recycling and Waste Management Techniques
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Migration and Labor Dynamics
- Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving
- Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences
- Health Policy Implementation Science
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
African Population and Health Research Center
2016-2025
Umeå University
2012-2016
The Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System (NUHDSS) was set up in Korogocho Viwandani slum settlements to provide a platform for investigating linkages between urban poverty, health, demographic other socioeconomic outcomes, facilitate the evaluation of interventions improve wellbeing poor. Data from NUHDSS confirm high level population mobility settlements, also demonstrate that are long-term homes many people. Research intervention programs should take account duality...
Air pollution is among the leading global risks for mortality and responsible increasing risk chronic diseases. Community perceptions on exposure are critical in determining people’s response acceptance of related policies. Therefore, understanding people’ perception informing design appropriate intervention measures. The aim this paper was to establish levels associations between perceived health slum residents. A cross-sectional study 5,317 individuals aged 35+ years conducted two slums...
Background : Many studies have established a link between weather (primarily temperature) and daily mortality in developed countries. However, little is known about this relationship urban populations sub-Saharan Africa. Objectives The objective of study was to describe the Nairobi, Kenya, evaluate with regard cause death, age, sex. Methods We utilized data from Nairobi Urban Health Demographic Surveillance System applied time-series models for population approximately 60,000 during period...
Surging amounts of waste are reported globally and especially in lower-income countries, with negative consequences for health the environment. Increasing concern has been raised limited progress achieved practice by diverse sets policies programmes. Waste management is a wicked problem characterised multilayered interdependencies, complex social dynamics webs stakeholders. Interactions among these generate unpredictable outcomes that can be missed decision makers through their understanding...
The government of Kenya is making plans to implement a social health insurance program by transforming the National Hospital Insurance Fund (NHIF) into universal coverage program. This paper examines determinants associated with participation in NHIF among residents urban slums Nairobi city. study used data from Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System two city, where total about 60,000 individuals living approximately 23,000 households are under surveillance. Descriptive statistics...
People's perceptions of and attitudes towards pollution are critical for reducing exposure among people can also influence the response to interventions that aimed at encouraging behaviour change. This study assessed residents in two slums Nairobi regarding air pollution.We conducted focus group discussions with aged 18 years above using an emergent design formulation guide. A thematic approach was used data analysis.The revealed communities experience arising mainly from industries dump...
Although linked to poverty as conditions reflecting inadequate access resources obtain food, issues such hunger and food insecurity have seldom been recognized important in urban settings. Overall, little is known about the prevalence magnitude of most cities. Yet, sub-Saharan Africa where majority dwellers live on less than one dollar a day, it obvious that large proportion population must be satisfied with just meal day. This paper suggests using one- two-parameter item response theory...
With 2.8 billion biomass users globally, household air pollution remains a public health threat in many low- and middle-income countries. However, little evidence on levels effects exists low-income settings, especially slums. This study assesses the sources of urban slums Nairobi. cross-sectional was embedded prospective cohort pregnant women living two slum areas—Korogocho Viwandani—in Data fuel stove types ventilation use come from 1058 households, while quality data based particulate...
58% of Nairobi's population live in informal settlements extremely poor conditions. Household air pollution is one the leading causes premature death and disease these settlements. Regulatory frameworks government budgets for household do not exist humanitarian organisations remain largely inattentive inactive on this issue. The purpose paper to evaluate effectiveness potential indoor-air related policies, as identified together with various stakeholders, lowering slums. Applying a novel...
Poor solid waste management in Kisumu, Kenya, contributes to adverse health, social, and environmental outcomes as a result of open burning, illegal dumping, reliance on landfills. Taking Kisumu case study, we use behavioural systems mapping (BSM) for the purpose understanding role behaviour this complex problem. We qualitatively analysed transcripts from focus groups interviews with 45 stakeholders construct BSM perceived actors, behaviours, influences affecting management, well causal...
Abstract Energy emissions mitigation policies bring co-benefits for health and opportunities to drive sustainable development rapidly transitioning economies in sub-Saharan Africa. Developing methods of quantifying these differing demographic groups is an area interest policymakers support resource allocation efforts. Using synthetic populations three municipalities Kenya, we assessed the impact promote use clean cooking fuels on exposure ambient household air pollution associated age-...
Between 60% and 70% of Nairobi City's population live in congested informal settlements, commonly referred to as slums, without proper access sanitation, clean water, health care other social services. Children such areas are exposed disproportionately high hazards. This paper examines the impact mother child migration on survival more than 10,000 children two Nairobi's settlements—Korogocho Viwandani—between July 2003 June 2007, using a two-stage semi-parametric proportional hazards (Cox)...
This paper provides a summary of the priorities and strategies stipulated by major solid waste management (SWM) policies in Kenya. It also brief assessment their implementation Nairobi Mombasa, drawing on data from 2016 community-based study. We found that SWM have evolved to specificity terms focus, functions scope. There was shift criminalizing action or inaction promoting good practices; generic acts specific ones; centralized mandates more decentralized responsibilities. However, remains...
The problem of solid waste management presents an issue increasing importance in many low-income settings, including the progressively urbanised context Kenya. Kisumu County is one such setting with estimated 500 t generated per day and less than half it regularly collected. open burning natural decay important source greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions atmospheric pollutants adverse health consequences. In this paper, we use system dynamics modelling to investigate expected impact on GHG PM2.5...
Abstract We present novel co-created transdisciplinary research that uses arts and humanities methods to explore air pollution in an informal settlement (Mukuru) Nairobi, Kenya. Air is a well-documented major human health issue, but despite many reduction interventions designed improve health, these are frequently ineffective. Often this because they fail account for local knowledge, cultural practices priorities of the intended recipients. Designing solutions therefore requires in-depth...
Efforts to ensure households transition modern fuels are expected reduce household air pollution. However, exposure toxic particles and gases in fuel stacking remains under-researched. We implemented a survey identify energy sources assess particulate matter with diameter of ≤5 microns (PM2.5), ≤10 (PM10) select polluting (Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOCs), Carbon (CO2), Nitrogen (NO2), Monoxide (CO)) rural community. Wood was the main cooking 94.2% (1615/1703)...
BackgroundMaternal mortality is higher and skilled attendance at delivery lower in the slums of Nairobi (Kenya) compared to Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Lower numbers public health facilities, greater distance costs maternal services could explain these differences.ObjectiveBy comparing use care among women with similar characteristics two cities, we will produce a more nuanced picture contextual factors play.DesignWe birth statistics collected between 2009 2011 all households living several...
Social accountability for water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services is a critical component to realising child rights WASH by the urban poor, more so in childcare centres. Despite existence of discrete social mechanisms (SAMs) informal settlements, SAMs rarely form part strategic approaches addressing challenges access The main objective study was explore centres Korogocho Viwandani settlements Nairobi City County, Kenya. This qualitative an ethnography, where we administered governance...
<ns3:p><ns3:bold>Background: </ns3:bold>Environmental improvement is a priority for urban sustainability and health achieving it requires transformative change in cities. An approach to such bring together researchers, decision-makers, public groups the creation of research use scientific evidence.</ns3:p><ns3:p> <ns3:bold>Methods: </ns3:bold>This article describes development programme theory Complex Urban Systems Sustainability Health (CUSSH), four-year Wellcome-funded collaboration which...
Abstract Background The connection between healthy housing status and health is well established. quality of plays a significant role in infectious non-communicable as vector-borne diseases. global burden disease attributable to considerable with millions deaths arising from diarrheal respiratory diseases annually. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the remains poor although improvements have been documented. There general dearth comparative analysis across several countries sub-region. We assess...
Home-leaving is considered an important marker of the transition to adulthood and usually framed as individual decision. We move beyond this limited assumption examine a broader conceptualization that might better illuminate home-leaving among youth in impoverished circumstances. adopt Problem Behavior Theory-framework investigate association with behavioral psychosocial variables other transitions. use data on adolescents aged 14-22 years from three-wave study conducted between 2007 2010....
Migration remains an important event in the urbanization process. However, research evidence indicates that migration is associated with negative outcomes. For migrant youth, often coincides leaving home and divesting of parental authority controls. This study investigates as a determinant risky sexual behaviours factors influencing timing first sex among youth. We used data collected between 2006 2008 from youth aged 12-22 years living two slums Nairobi. use Cox proportional hazards model...