A5070255914- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Turtle Biology and Conservation
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Mast cells and histamine
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Biochemical and Structural Characterization
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
- Connexins and lens biology
- Marine animal studies overview
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Ocular Surface and Contact Lens
- Dermatological diseases and infestations
Vanderbilt University
2016-2025
Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute
2011-2023
National Zoological Park
2011-2023
George Washington University
2023
Conservation Biology Institute
2023
Georgetown University Medical Center
2023
Georgetown University
2023
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
2005-2018
Smithsonian Institution
2011
University of Zurich
2011
Abstract Innate immune mechanisms of defense are especially important to ectothermic vertebrates in which adaptive responses may be slow develop. One innate amphibian skin is the release abundant quantities antimicrobial peptides. Chytridiomycosis an emerging infectious disease amphibians caused by fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis . Susceptibility chytridiomycosis varies among species, and resistance not well understood. Previously, we have shown that Australian Panamanian species...
Microbial symbionts of vertebrate skin have an important function in defense the host against pathogens. In particular, emerging chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis , causes widespread disease amphibians but can be inhibited via secondary metabolites produced by many different skin‐associated bacteria. Similarly, fungal pathogens terrestrial salamander eggs Mariannaea elegans and Rhizomucor variabilis are also a variety Indeed, probiotic therapy diseases is recent approach...
Life-history trade-offs allow many animals to maintain reproductive fitness across a range of climatic conditions. When used by parasites and pathogens, these strategies may influence patterns disease in changing climates. The chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, is linked global declines amphibian populations. Short-term growth culture maximal at 17°–25°C. This has been an argument that warming, which increases the time amphibians spend temperatures cloud-covered montane...
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis is a chytrid fungus that causes the lethal skin disease chytridiomycosis in amphibians. It regarded as an emerging infectious affecting diverse amphibian populations many parts of world. Because there are few model species for immunological studies, little known about immune defenses against B. dendrobatidis. We show here South African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis, suitable investigating immunity to this pathogen. After experimental exposure, mild infection...
Breaking Frog Defenses The first line of immune defense against most fungal infections consists innate effector cells, including macrophages and neutrophils. However, Fites et al. (p. 366 ) have found that the fungus currently decimating world's amphibia, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis , is readily engulfed by these but this does not effectively control infection. releases cell-wall components induce lymphocyte apoptosis inhibit proliferation other nonlymphoid cell types, disarming...
Environmental contaminants and disease may synergistically contribute to amphibian population declines. Sub-lethal levels of can suppress immune defenses and, thereby, facilitate outbreaks. We conducted laboratory experiments on newly metamorphosed foothill yellow-legged frogs (Rana boylii) determine whether sublethal exposure the pesticide carbaryl would increase susceptibility pathogenic chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis that is widely associated with examined effect alone,...
Chytridiomycosis is an emerging infectious disease of amphibians caused by a chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. This panzootic does not equally affect all amphibian species within assemblage; some populations decline, others persist. Little known about the factors that resistance. Differences in behavior, life history, biogeography, or immune function may impact survival. We found innate defense, antimicrobial skin peptides, varied significantly among rainforest stream...
Resistance is not futile The fungal disease chytridiomycosis has wreaked havoc on amphibians worldwide. caused by the organism Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and was first identified in late 1990s. Voyles et al. revisited protected areas Panama where catastrophic amphibian losses were recorded a decade ago (see Perspective Collins). Although theory predicts that epidemics should result reduced pathogenicity, they found no evidence for such reduction. Despite this, community displaying signs...
Amphibian embryos are at risk of microbial infection. Here we find evidence that innate immune defenses, both antimicrobial skin peptides and mutualistic microbiota, adult glass frogs, Hyalinobatrachium colymbiphyllum, can be transmitted to deposited on leaves above rain forest streams in Panama inhibit the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. Abstract Spanish is available http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/loi/btp.
Abstract The introduction of next‐generation sequencing has allowed for greater understanding community composition symbiotic microbial communities. However, determining the function individual members these communities still largely relies on culture‐based methods. Here, we present results phylogenetic distribution a defensive functional trait cultured bacteria associated with amphibians. Amphibians are host to diverse cutaneous and some protect their from lethal fungal pathogen...