A5087860552- Marine animal studies overview
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Bird parasitology and diseases
- Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Myxozoan Parasites in Aquatic Species
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Marine and fisheries research
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Recycling and Waste Management Techniques
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Underwater Acoustics Research
- Respiratory viral infections research
University of Prince Edward Island
2015-2025
University of Saskatchewan
1978-2025
Fisheries and Oceans Canada
1998-2025
University of Calgary
2023
Wisconsin Disability Association
2009-2023
University of Georgia
2023
University of Manitoba
2023
ARCTIConnexion
2023
Oklahoma State University
2023
International Fund for Animal Welfare
2019
Abstract United States and Canadian governments have responded to legal requirements reduce human‐induced whale mortality via vessel strikes entanglement in fishing gear by implementing a suite of regulatory actions. We analyzed the spatial temporal patterns large whales Northwest Atlantic (23.5°N 48.0°N), 1970 through 2009, context management changes. used multinomial logistic model fitted maximum likelihood detect trends cause‐specific mortalities with time. compared number human‐caused...
Seventy mortalities of North Atlantic right whales Eubalaena glacialis (NARW) were documented between 2003 and 2018 from Florida, USA, to the Gulf St. Lawrence, Canada. These included 29 adults, 14 juveniles, 10 calves, 17 unknown age class. Females represented 65.5% (19/29) known-sex adults. Fourteen cases had photos only; 56 carcasses received external examinations, 44 which also necropsied. Cause death was determined in 43 cases, 38 (88.4%) due anthropogenic trauma: 22 (57.9%)...
Antibody titres to selected pathogens (canine adenovirus [CAV‐2], feline herpesvirus [FHV], phocine [PHV‐1], canine distemper virus, dolphin morbillivirus [DMV], virus [PDV], parainfluenza type 3 [P13], rabies rhabdovirus [DRV], coronavirus, leukaemia Borrelia burgdorferi and Toxoplasma gondii ) were determined in whole blood or serum samples from free‐ranging terrestrial carnivores marine mammals, including cougars ( Felis concolor ), lynxes lynx American badgers Taxidea taxus fishers...
Vessel-whale collision events represented the ultimate cause of death for 21 (52.5%) 40 North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis) necropsied between 1970 and December 2006. Injuries seen in vessel-struck fall into two distinct categories: 1) sharp trauma, often resulting from contact with propeller, 2) blunt presumably a vessel's hull. This study analyzes four trauma cases that resulted vessel-whale collisions, which together provide framework more critical understanding lethal...
Although the Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) is considered an important maintenance host for low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses, viral cell tropism and pathology in naturally infected birds are largely unknown. In August 2006, we collected 19 free-living hatch-year Mallards that were positive LPAI virus by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RRT-PCR) combined oropharyngeal cloacal swabs. We investigated infection associated lesions digestive respiratory tracts...
Ringed seals (Pusa hispida) are a key food resource for Inuit communities in Nunavut, Canada, thus justifying the need regular monitoring of environmental contaminants these animals. The primary objective this study was to determine current levels some non-essential trace elements, including cadmium (Cd), total mercury (THg), and methylmercury (MeHg), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) ringed eastern Nunavut. Selenium (Se), an essential element, also...
Lesions induced in the gills of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) by exposure to acutely lethal aqueous concentrations inorganic mercury and copper were examined light electron microscopy. most severe during first 48 hours metals characterized primarily apoptosis lamellar epithelial cells fusion. The latter process occurred either simple apposition adjacent lamellae each other or through hypertrophy hyperplasia. Except for increased number primary lysosomes animals exposed mercury, branchial...
Abstract Of 4,268 wild ducks sampled in Canada 2005, real-time reverse transcriptase–PCR detected influenza A matrix protein (M1) gene sequence 37% and H5 5%. Mallards accounted for 61% of samples, 73% M1-positive ducks, 90% H5-positive ducks. Ducks hatched 2005 80% the sample.
Wood frogs ( Rana sylvatica) are highly susceptible to infection with Frog virus 3 (FV3, Ranavirus, Iridoviridae), a cause of mass mortality in wild populations. To elucidate the pathogenesis FV3 wood frogs, 40 wild-caught adults were acclimated captivity, inoculated orally fatal dose 104.43 pfu/frog, and euthanized at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 9, 14 days postinfection (dpi). Mild lesions occurred sporadically skin (petechiae) bone marrow (necrosis) during first 2 dpi. Severe 1 weeks consisted...
Amphibian populations suffer massive mortalities from infection with frog virus 3 FV3, genus Ranavirus, family Iridoviridae, a pathogen also involved in of fish and reptiles. Experimental oral FV3 captive-raised adult wood frogs, Rana sylvatica Lithobates sylvaticus, was performed as the first step establishing native North American animal model ranaviral disease to study pathogenesis host response. Oral dosing successful LD50 102.93 2.423.44 p.f.u. for frogs averaging 35mm length. Onset...
Between August 1992 and November 1995, 31 moribund or dead common loons (Gavia immer) found in the three Maritime provinces of Canada (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island) were necropsied. Eight these birds good body condition died acutely from drowning trauma. The remaining 23 poor had either chronic lead poisoning, respiratory mycosis, oil contamination their plumage. Loons significantly higher numbers intestinal trematodes levels total renal mercury than condition. Therefore,...
Between 15 November and 13 December 1993, three cases of rabies probable bat origin were confirmed in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from the same area Prince Edward Island, Canada, previously thought to be free terrestrial mammals. Such clusters have rarely been described North America.
Abstract. Juvenile rainbow trout were exposed to 36, 171, 1017 and 4887 mg/1 of suspended kaolin clay for 64 days. Gills analysed qualitatively quantitatively using histology. Branchial pathology was absent at all sample times in fish 171 kaolin, although intracellular visible within filament lamellar epithelium gills 4, 8, 16, 32 Lesions found 16 days but the marked proliferation associated with moderate large numbers protozoa identified as Ichthyobodo necator . regained normal architecture...
Abstract. Two groups of rainbow trout fingerlings were exposed for 90 days to 0.2 and 0.4 mg/1 un‐ionized ammonia, respectively. Several fish the higher concentration soon developed clinical signs suggestive a neurological dysfunction but subsequently recovered. No lesion attributable ammonia was seen in gills any fish. This raises questions about precise role production gill diseases intensively cultured trout.
Two wild Canada geese (Branta canadensis) in an extremely emaciated state and with severe proventricular food impaction also had a nonsuppurative encephalomyelitis ganglioneuritis. The condition these two birds was morphologically similar to psittacine dilatation, recently identified disease of birds.
Between 1993 and 1999, encephalitis caused by morbillivirus was diagnosed immunohistochemistry histology in six lynx (Lynx canadensis) one bobcat rufus) the eastern Canadian provinces of New Brunswick Nova Scotia. Five cases occurred within an 11-mo period 1996–97. A second with unidentified protozoa a nematode larva also had immunohistochemical evidence neurologic infection morbillivirus. The virus identified as canine distemper (CDV) reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction...
Granulomatous skin lesions were identified in a population of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) from Sandy Lake (Alberta, Canada) 1985. Severe granulomatous peritonitis and hepatitis was subsequently separate Wolf Canada). Mycobacterium chelonae isolated affected fish both epizootics. The source route infection not determined either case. nature the inflammatory reaction cases suggested depressed immunity.
Abstract. An outbreak of proliferative gill disease occurred in a group rainbow trout fingerlings. kept for experimental purposes. Lesions were multifocal among filaments and uniquely severe the distal region affected filaments, forming nodules; this contrasted with more common forms Ontario, such as bacterial disease, which lesions are diffuse along filaments. The cause condition is unknown, although cells very distinctive morphology closely associated lesions.
Many subtypes of low-pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) virus circulate in wild bird reservoirs, but their prevalence may vary among species. We aimed to compare by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, isolation, histology, and immunohistochemistry the distribution pathogenicity 2 such markedly different origins Mallard ducks ( Anas platyrhynchos): H2N3 isolated from a duck H13N6 Ring-billed Gull Larus delawarensis). Following intratracheal intraesophageal...