Brassinolides (BRs) are naturally occurring substances, which modulate plant growth and development events have been known to improve the crop tolerance abiotic stresses. In this study, possible role of exogenously applied brassinolide (BR) in alleviating detrimental effects drought maize was evaluated a rain-protected wire-house. Maize subjected at start tasseling for 6 days by withholding water application followed foliar spray BR (0.1 mg l−1) assess changes growth, gas exchange,...

Flue-cured tobacco production in China is typically over-fertilised and mono-cropped. To understand how this agronomic management affects soil structure organic matter, study investigated the effect of rotation, fertilizer rate, manure amendment on proportion water stable aggregates aggregate-associated carbon (SOC) total nitrogen (TSN) concentrations stocks production. Two systems (Tobacco monoculture Tobacco-rice rotation) with four treatments (0, 75, 112 kg N/ha, 60 N/ha + manure) were...

Abstract Background Heavy metals repress tobacco growth and quality, engineered nanomaterials have been used for sustainable agriculture. However, the underlying mechanism of nanoparticle-mediated cadmium (Cd) toxicity in remains elusive. Results Herein, we investigated effects Fe 3 O 4 ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) on Cd stress cultivar ‘Yunyan 87’ ( Nicotiana tabacum ). severely repressed growth, whereas foliar spraying with NPs promoted plant as indicated by enhancing height, root length, shoot...

The leaf age for harvesting flue-cured tobacco leaves is closely related to the quality of leaves, so an appropriate important improving yield and tobacco, however, at present, there are few studies on effects physiological biochemical changes during flue-curing no clear standard proper ages in production.In Yunnan tobacco-growing area, experiment was carried from 2016 2017 different were set. results demonstrate that has a significant tissue cell gap, stages exert upper epidermis, palisade...

Whether quality can be improved and style characteristics of different types tobaccos changed after being cured using methods has not been clear yet. It is necessary to explore the influences curing on chemical compositions tobaccos. For this purpose, by taking flue-cured tobacco K326, burley Yunbai 3 oriental Basma 14 as materials, effects air-curing, sun-curing flue-curing these three were investigated freeze-dried control group based equilibrium method matter loss. The results show that...

Heated tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) products develop rapidly because of its low toxicity. In order to evaluate the industrial applicability existing types characteristic as raw materials for heated tobaccos, this research ascertained differences in main chemical compositions leaves from different establish a relationship between composition and sensory evaluation select suitable producing tobaccos. Nine (K326, Yunyan 97, Cherry-red tobacco, Han Dao Tiandeng Sun-cured yellow fresh-cut...

Weather change in high-altitude areas subjects mature tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) to cold stress, which damages leaf yield and quality. A brupt diurnal temperature differences (the daily dropping more than 20 °C) along with rainfall tobacco-growing at an altitude above 2450 m, caused stress field-grown tobacco.After the flue-cured suffered field, surface color of leaves changed obvious large browning were appeared, curing availability was extremely poor. Further research found quality...

The maturity affects the yield, quality, and economic value of tobacco leaves. Leaf level discrimination is an important step in manual harvesting. However, judgment fresh leaves by grower visual evaluation subjective, which may lead to quality loss low prices. Therefore, objective reliable discriminant technique for leaf based on near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with a deep learning approach convolutional neural networks (CNNs) proposed this study. To assess performance model, four...

Abstract The purpose of the study is to explore effect flue-curing procedure on diversity microbial communities in tobaccos and dynamic change compositions process. It expects provide a theoretical basis for application microbes tobacco leaves idea optimization technologies. By investigating variety K326, tests were carried out comparing conventional dry-ball temperature set wet-ball degradation procedure. Based culture-independent approach high-throughput sequencing procedure, relationship...

Abstract Tobacco is be sensitively affected by chilling injury in the vigorous growth period, which can easily lead to tobacco leaf browning during flue-curing and quality loss, however, physiological response of prosperous period under low temperature stress unclear. The parameters two varieties were determined. main results as follows: ① For growing subjected low-temperature at 4–16 °C, tissue structure chloroplast changed photosynthetic pigments significantly decreased compared with each...

Tobacco leaves are flue-cured to create desired appearance and internal quality, but the effects of flue-curing on transformation chemical substances in tobacco have not been fully studied. The half-leaf method a mass balance approach were used compare two drying methods (i.e., oven-drying flue-curing) terms tobacco. These included: carbon, nitrogen, plastid pigments, polyphenols some important elements leaves. Compared with oven-drying, starch content significantly decreased while...

Tyrosinase is a type-3 copper enzyme that widely distributed in plants, fungi, insects, and mammals. Developing high potent inhibitors against tyrosinase of great interest diverse fields including tobacco curing, food processing, bio-insecticides development, cosmetic human healthcare-related research. In the crystal structure Agaricus bisporus mushroom tyrosinase, there an oxygen atom bridging two ions active site. It unclear whether identity this water molecule or hydroxide anion. present...

Yellowing is a key stage in the curing of flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tobacum L.) as much chemical transformation occurs during this period. This study examined effect different yellowing degrees on value leaves at farm level for both processing and manufacturing. The was conducted counties Chuxiong, Dali, Yuxi Yunnan, China over two years. treatments have been designed to either mild or regular degree. Yield, value, appearance, suction property, smoking characteristics, physical...

A standard-free calibration transfer method has been developed for NIR spectroscopy based on variable penalty dynamic time warping.

The enzyme browning reaction results in grey speckles on tobacco leaves, which impairs the value and industrial usability of leaves. To demonstrate influences different degrees (BDs) leaves cultivars positions identified structure brown (grey) matter, we selected three flue-cured (K326, Yunyan87, Honghuadajinyuan (Hongda)) set four BDs (<25%, 25% to 50%, 50% 75%, >75%). Indices related to: economic traits, chemical components, physical properties, sensory quality with were evaluated....

Burley tobacco (Nicotiana tobacum L.) production in Kentucky is typically tillage intensive and often mono-cropped. Intensive has been reported to degrade soil structure deplete organic carbon (SOC) total nitrogen (TSN) stocks. This study assessed the effect of tillage, crop rotation, N fertilizer application on structure, water-stable aggregation, aggregate-associated SOC TSN concentrations stocks for rotations including burley tobacco. Four systems (main plots) were established 2007 a...

The changes in hardness and molecular mobility of water cooked wild rice during 10 days storage were investigated this study. Seven grades subjected to various degrees soaking cooking stored at 5C. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique was employed determine the free induction decay (FID) signals spin-spin relaxation time constants (T2) protons, which regarded as a measure rotational samples. Multi-component behavior FID observed, based on molecules samples classified into three...

Salicylic acid (SA) can induce plants to actively enhance abiotic stress resistance. Spraying salicylic prevent cold in flue-cured tobacco fields provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the actual protection from at high altitude Yunnan. The experiment was performed Jianchuan County Yunnan Province, China. Honghuadajinyuan, a variety with resistance, used as research object. tested two concentrations (0.05 [SA-1]and 0.1 [SA-1] mol L-1) relative an untreated control (CK)...

Abstract Nitrogen is an important element for the growth of flue-cured tobacco and closely related to its yield quality. In order pursue higher economic benefits, excessive fertilizer generally applied in production, which unfavourable sustainable development production environment. 2016 2017, experiments using different nitrogen application rates flue-cure were conducted Yunnan province, changes agronomic, chemical indices as well residual soil compared. Linear quadratic models used compare...

SUMMARY Few studies have investigated nitrogen (N) fertilizer management in no-tillage (NT) tobacco ( Nicotiana tobacum L.) production systems, even though N fertilization is known to influence cured leaf yield and quality. The present study evaluated how tillage practice rate affected burley agronomic performance, plant available (PAN) supply, chemical constituents. In 2012 2013, three rates (0, 140 280 kg N/ha) were introduced as split-plots within a long-term NT conventional (CT)...

Ferrous iron (Fe 2+ ) toxicity would cause flue‐cured tobacco ( Nicotiana tobacum L.) leaf browning, leading to yield loss and low quality. To explore the mechanism of browning by Fe , two varieties, Honghuadajinyuan (Hongda) K326, were planted in pots with different soil types. a concentration gradient 0, 170, 340, 510, 680 mg kg −1 arranged. Three types indicators—agronomic traits, physiological indices, economic indices—of investigated. With increasing applied indices including plant...

Nitrogen fertilizer is essential for the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco. Honghuadajinyuan (i.e. Hongda) a special tobacco variety in Yunnan, which differs nitrogen application rates from other varieties. In 2016 2017, different were established Yunnan to compare, with varieties, Hongda’s agronomic, economic, chemical indicators soil residual nitrogen. As rate increased, ratio fresh weight dry (RFD) proportions inferior (PIT) initially decreased then increased contrast superior (PST)...