Here, we report a catalytic beacon sensor for uranyl (UO 2 2+ ) based on an in vitro -selected UO -specific DNAzyme. The consists of DNA enzyme strand with 3′ quencher and substrate ribonucleotide adenosine (rA) the middle fluorophore at 5′ ends, respectively. presence causes cleavage rA position release thus dramatic increase fluorescence intensity. has detection limit 11 parts per trillion (45 pM), dynamic range up to 400 nM, selectivity >1-million-fold over other metal ions. most...

We report on a novel type of triblock copolymer polymersomes with temperature-controlled permeability within the physiologically relevant temperature range 37–42 °C for sustained delivery anticancer drugs. These combine characteristics liposomes, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, monodispersity, and stability at room temperature, tunable size thermal responsiveness provided by amphiphilic copolymers. The temperature-sensitive...

The research areas of tissue engineering and drug development have displayed increased interest in organ-on-a-chip studies, which physiologically or pathologically relevant tissues can be engineered to test pharmaceutical candidates. Microfluidic technologies enable the control cellular microenvironment for these applications through topography, size, elastic properties microscale cell culture environment, while delivering nutrients chemical cues cells continuous media perfusion. Traditional...

3D microfluidic networks are fabricated in a gelatin hydrogel using sacrificial melt-spun microfibers made from material with pH-dependent solubility. The fibers, after being embedded within the gel, can be removed by changing gel pH to induce dissolution. This process is performed an entirely aqueous environment, avoiding extreme temperatures, low pressures, and toxic organic solvents. Detailed facts of importance specialist readers published as "Supporting Information". Such documents...

Particulate transport from surfaces governs a variety of phenomena including fungal spore dispersal, bioaerosol transmission, and self-cleaning. Here, we report previously unidentified mechanism governing passive particulate removal superhydrophobic surfaces, where particle coalescing with water droplet (∼10 to ∼100 μm) spontaneously launches. Compared discovered coalescence-induced binary jumping, the reported represents more general capillary-inertial dominated mode coupled...

Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) has the potential to reduce energy demand and mitigate global warming. However, surface contamination from dust bacterial buildup limits practical PDRC applications. Here, we develop a hierarchically patterned nanoporous composite (HPNC) using facile template-molding fabrication method integrate materials with self-cleaning antibacterial functions. The HPNC design decouples multifunctional control into different characteristic length scales that can...

The effects of surface modification nanocrystalline titanium dioxide (TiO2) with specific chelating agents on photocatalytic degradation nitrobenzene (NB) was investigated in order to design a selective and effective catalyst for removal nitroaromatic compounds from contaminated waste streams. Mechanisms NB adsorption photodecomposition were using infrared absorption electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Liquid chromatography gas chromatography/mass spectrometry used byproduct...

A Pb(II)-specific DNAzyme fluorescent sensor has been modified with a thiol moiety in order to immobilize it on Au surface. Self-assembly of the is accomplished by first adsorbing single-thiolated enzyme strand (HS-17E-Dy) followed adsorption mercaptohexanol, which serves displace any Au−N interactions and ensure that DNA bound only through S-headgroup. The preformed self-assembled monolayer then hybridized complementary fluorophore-containing substrate (17DS-Fl). Upon reaction Pb(II),...

A miniaturized lead sensor has been developed by combining a lead-specific DNAzyme with microfabricated device containing network of microfluidic channels that are fluidically coupled via nanocapillary array interconnect. construct, selective for cleavage in the presence Pb2+ and derivatized fluorophore (quencher) at 5' (3') end substrate enzyme strands, respectively, forms molecular beacon is used as recognition element. The membrane interconnect to manipulate fluid flows deliver...

A portable and cost-effective real-time cardiotoxicity biosensor was developed using a CMOS imaging module extracted from commercially available webcam. The detection system consists of module, white LED pinhole. Real-time image processing conducted by comparing reference live frame images. To evaluate the engineered system, effects two different drugs, isoprenaline doxorubicin, on beating rate beat-to-beat variations ESC-derived cardiomyocytes were measured. used to conclude that...

Evolutionary pressure has pushed many extant species to develop micro/nanostructures that can significantly affect wettability and enable functionalities such as droplet jumping, self-cleaning, antifogging, antimicrobial, antireflectivity. In particular, significant effort is underway understand the insect wing surface structure establish rational design tools for development of novel engineered materials. Most studies, however, have focused on superhydrophobic wings obtained from a single...

Abstract Numerous natural surfaces have micro/nanostructures that result in extraordinary functionality, such as superhydrophobicity, self‐cleaning, antifogging, and antimicrobial properties. One example is the cicada wing, where differences nanopillar geometry composition among species can impact influence degree of exhibited To understand relationships between surface topography chemical with multifunctionality, wing properties Neotibicen pruinosus (superhydrophobic) Magicicada cassinii...

The ability to rapidly generate concentration gradients of diffusible molecules has important applications in many chemical and biological studies. Here we established spatially temporally controllable (i.e. proteins or toxins) a portable microfluidic device an easy rapid manner. formation the was initiated by passive-pump-induced forward flow further optimized during evaporation-induced backward flow. centimeter-long along channel were shown be controlled gradient profile stabilized...

A small synthetic peptide with nanomolar affinity for cardiac troponin I (TnI), previously identified from a polyvalent phage displayed library, has been immobilized on gold surface TnI detection. The binding of gold-immobilized peptides was studied and compared that phage-immobilized peptides. Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to monitor both the immobilization target processes. All three techniques show is specific...

Abstract Troponin I is a specific and sensitive clinical biomarker for myocardial injury. In this study we have used polyvalent phage display to isolate unique linear peptide motifs which recognize both the human rat homologs of troponin I. The has sequence FYSHSFHENWPS FHSSWPVNGSTI. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were evaluate binding interactions, two phage‐displayed peptides exhibited some cross‐reactivity, but they more homolog selected against. affinities decreased by...

Six activated carbon fibers (ACFs) with different chemical and physical properties were prepared by first curing a phenolic resin-coated glass fiber, followed activation post-treatment. Their adsorption investigated to evaluate the removal of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, p-xylene (BTEX) warfare simulants dissopropylmethyl phosponate (DIMP) half mustard (HM) from water. The isotherms showed that ACF SL-2 (activated CO2/H2O at 800 °C) has higher capacity for BTEX, DIMP, HM than other ACFs....

Due to the numerous toxicological effects of lead, its presence in environment needs be effectively monitored. Incorporating a biosensing element within microfluidic platform enables rapid and reliable determinations lead at trace levels. A microchip-based sensor is described here that employs lead-specific DNAzyme (also called catalytic DNA or deoxyribozyme) as recognition cleaves complementary substrate strand only cationic (Pb2+). Fluorescent tags on translate cleavage events measurable,...

The superoxide radical anion (SO) is a critical biomarker for monitoring cellular stress responses. Electrochemical SO biosensors are frequently constructed through the covalent immobilization of cytochrome c (Cyt c) onto self-assembled monolayers (SAMs); however, detailed comparison these systems as well configuration influence on detection needed to enable robust applications. Two reaction pathways, oxidation by SAM-modified gold electrode or electron transfer protein and monolayer relay,...

Adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of nitrobenzene (NB) in the presence absence phenol (Ph) over UV-illuminated arginine-modified TiO2 colloids have been investigated by infrared absorption, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) gas chromatography/mass spectrometry were used for monitoring conversion rates byproduct identification. It was found that photodegradation NB Ph strongly depends on nature...

There is a consistent demand for new biosensors the detection of protein targets, and systematic method rapid development sensors needed. Here we present platform where short unstructured peptides that bind to desired target are selected using M13 phage display. The then chemically synthesized immobilized on gold, allowing electrochemical techniques such as impedance spectroscopy (EIS). A quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) also used diagnostic tool during biosensor development. We demonstrate...