A5054173959- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Global Health Care Issues
- Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Resilience and Mental Health
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Global Health Workforce Issues
- Healthcare Policy and Management
- Mental Health Treatment and Access
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Child Abuse and Trauma
- Global Health and Epidemiology
- Traffic and Road Safety
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Occupational Health and Performance
Boston University
2020-2023
Clinton Health Access Initiative
2015-2023
University of Michigan
2007-2015
Columbia University
2007-2015
Microclinic International
2013-2014
South University
2008
New York Academy of Medicine
2008
Cornell University
2008
City University of New York
2008
The Graduate Center, CUNY
2008
Abstract Introduction : In order to facilitate scale‐up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Malawi, innovative and pragmatic models have been developed optimize the efficiency HIV service delivery. particular, three differentiated care emerged for stable patients: adjusted appointment spacing through multi‐month scripting (MMS); fast‐track drug refills (FTRs) on alternating visits; community ART groups (CAGs) where group members rotate collecting medications at facility all members. This...
Background Understanding the perspectives and preferences of clients eligible for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is essential to designing programs that meet clients' needs. To date, most PrEP in limited-resource settings have been implemented by partner organizations specific target populations, but government Zimbabwe aims make available broader population at substantial risk public sector clinics. However, there limited information on general about Zimbabwe. Methods A qualitative study...
Background The Millennium Development Goals call for a 75% reduction in maternal mortality between 1990 and 2015. Skilled birth attendance emergency obstetric care, including Caesarean section, are two of the most important interventions to reduce mortality. Although international pressure is rising increase donor assistance essential health services developing countries, we know less about whether government or private sector more effective at financing these countries.
Article Abstract Objective: To study the relation between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) psychiatric comorbidity and suicidal ideation in a representative sample of Ohio Army National Guard soldiers. Method: Using retrospective data collected on telephone from random 2,616 soldiers who enrolled 10-year longitudinal (baseline November 2008-November 2009), we examined (1) prevalence other psychopathologies among those with DSM-IV-diagnosed PTSD compared to without (2) association...
Extant analyses of the relation between economic conditions and population health were often based on annualized data susceptible to confounding by nonlinear time trends. In present study, authors used generalized additive models with nonparametric smoothing splines examine association conditions, including levels activity in New York State degree volatility Stock Exchange, monthly rates death suicide City. The rate declined linearly from 8.1 per 100,000 people 1990 4.8 1999 then remained...
Several models of differentiated care for stable HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Malawi have been introduced to ensure that is efficient and patient-centered. Three prioritized by the government a deeper broader understanding: adjusted appointment spacing through multi-month scripting (MMS); fast-track drug refills (FTRs) alternating visits; community ART groups (CAGs) where rotating group members collect medications at facility all members. This qualitative study aimed...
Developing countries with higher health care spending have greater overall utilization of maternal services than do lower spending. However, the rich tend to disproportionately use these services. We assessed whether redistributive government policies in context levels were associated more-equitable skilled birth attendants (doctors, nurses, or midwives) between and poor.
War and human rights abuses contribute to increased prevalence of posttraumatic stress (PTS) disorder low social functioning among populations affected. There is relatively little evidence, however about the long-term mental health impact war on general populations. We examined PTS symptoms poor in Halabja, Iraqi Kurdistan, 18 years after a chemical attack civilians that town. systematically sampled 291 persons representative population Halabja from city emergency department 4 outpatient...
OBJECTIVES: To describe the characteristics associated with suicide in older persons residing long‐term care (LTC) facilities, to compare of cases LTC those community, and evaluate trends these settings over past 15 years. SETTING: The New York City (NYC) Office Chief Medical Examiner (OCME). PARTICIPANTS: Suicide deaths NYC from 1990 2005. MEASUREMENTS: Location method death reported by OCME. METHODS: Suicides community‐dwelling adults were compared terms demographic used. Trends rate...
There is broad policy consensus that a shortage of doctors and nurses key constraint to increasing utilization essential health services important for achieving the Millennium Development Goals. However there limited research on quantitative links between workers service coverage rates. We examined relationship doctor nurse concentrations rates five in developing countries. performed cross-national analyses low- middle-income countries by means ordinary least squares regression with...
ABSTRACT Background Mortality increases as ambient temperature increases. Because cocaine affects core body temperature, may play a role in cocaine‐related mortality particular. The present study examined the association between and fatal overdoses over time New York City. Methods data were obtained from Office of Chief Medical Examiner for 1990 to 2006, National Oceanic Atmospheric Association. We used generalized additive models test relationship weekly average temperatures counts...
<h3>Background</h3> There are substantial disparities in mortality between rich and poor children developing countries. As a result, there is call for explicitly pro-poor health programming efforts to reach the child Millennium Development Goals. <h3>Aim</h3> To estimate contribution made by policy reduction wealth under-5 mortality. <h3>Methods</h3> An ecological, cross-sectional analysis was performed using Demographic Health Survey data from 47 Multivariate used association government...
Introduction In urban areas, crowded HIV treatment facilities with long patient wait times can deter patients from attending their clinical appointments and picking up medications, ultimately disrupting care compromising retention adherence. Methods Formative research at eight in Lusaka revealed that only 46% of stable were receiving a three-month refill supply antiretroviral drugs, despite it being national policy for adult patients. We designed quality improvement intervention to improve...
Background In 2013, Uganda adopted a test-and-treat policy for HIV patients 15 years or younger. Low retention rates among paediatric and adolescent antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiates could severely limit the impact of this new policy. This evaluation tested differentiated care model called Family Clinic Day (FCD), family-centered appointment scheduling health education intervention on patient adherence to monthly scheduling. Methods We conducted cluster randomized controlled trial, from...
Effect of enhanced detailing and mass media on community use oral rehydration salts zinc during a scale-up program in Gujarat Uttar Pradesh Background The Clinton Health Access Initiative implemented from 2012-2016 to increase (ORS) treat diarrhea children under five three states India: Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Pradesh.The interventions included development rural supply chain reach private health care providers, training Accredited Social Activists (ASHAs), technical support the state...
The authors investigated the relationship between September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks and suicide risk in New York City from 1990 to 2006. average monthly rate over study period was 0.56 per 100,000 people. after 0.11 people lower as compared before. However, of change not significantly different before disaster, regression discontinuity analysis indicated no at this date. There net attributable suggesting that factors other than exposure traumatic events (e.g., cultural norms, availability...
To report the reliability and validity of key mental health assessments in an ongoing study Ohio Army National Guard (OHARNG). The 2616 OHARNG soldiers received hour-long structured telephone surveys including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) checklist (PCV-C) Patient Health Questionnaire - 9 (PHQ-9). A subset (N = 500) participated two hour clinical reappraisals, using Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) Structured Clinical Interview for DSM (SCID). survey assessment any...
We examined the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive (MDD), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behavior among Ohio Army National Guard (OHARNG). analyzed data collected from a sample of OHARNG enlisted June 2008 February 2009. Participants completed interviews assessing HIV activities defined by Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, were screened for PTSD MDD based on DSM‐IV criteria according to Diagnostic Statistical Manual Mental...