A5084879471- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
- Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Neuroscience and Music Perception
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Cardiovascular Syncope and Autonomic Disorders
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- Urinary Bladder and Prostate Research
- Infant Health and Development
Baylor College of Medicine
2016-2025
Neurological Research Institute
2017-2025
Texas Children's Hospital
2018-2025
Rice University
2019-2024
Yale University
2013-2020
Vollum Institute
2008-2015
Oregon Health & Science University
2008-2013
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2006-2012
Abstract Rapid variations in cortical state during wakefulness have a strong influence on neural and behavioural responses are tightly coupled to changes pupil size across species. However, the physiological processes linking largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that these rapid variations, both quiet waking locomotion, highly correlated with fluctuations activity of corticopetal noradrenergic cholinergic projections. dilations associated phasic axons, whereas longer-lasting pupil, such as...
NMDA receptors are composed of two GluN1 (N1) and GluN2 (N2) subunits. Constituent N2 subunits control the pharmacological kinetic characteristics receptor. in hippocampal or cortical neurons often thought as diheteromeric, meaning that they contain only one type subunit. However, triheteromeric with more than subunit also have been reported, relative contribution diheteromeric at synapses has difficult to assess. Because wild-type principal express N1, N2A, N2B, we used cultured from N2A...
An obligatory role for the calcium sensor synaptotagmins in stimulus-coupled release of neurotransmitter is well established, but a synaptotagmin isoform involvement asynchronous remains conjecture. We show, at zebrafish neuromuscular synapse, that two separate underlie these processes. Specifically, knockdown 2 (syt2) reduces synchronous release, whereas 7 (syt7) component release. The junction unique having very small quantal content and high probability under conditions either...
Decisions are often made by accumulating ambiguous evidence over time. The brain’s arousal systems activated during such decisions. In previous work in humans, we found that evoked responses of decisions reported rapid dilations the pupil and track a suppression biases accumulation decision-relevant (de Gee et al., 2017). Here, show this arousal-related decision bias acts on both conservative liberal biases, generalizes from humans to mice, perceptual memory-based challenging sound-detection...
Abstract Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is thought to affect neural activity by recruiting brain-wide release of neuromodulators. VNS used in treatment-resistant epilepsy, and increasingly being explored for other disorders, such as depression, a cognitive enhancer. However, the promise only partially fulfilled due lack mechanistic understanding transfer function between parameters neuromodulatory response, together with biosensors assaying efficacy real time. We here develop an approach...
Abstract The FOXP2 gene is important for the development of proper speech motor control in humans. However, role general vocal behavior other mammals, including mice, unclear. Here, we track Foxp2 heterozygous knockout (Foxp2+/−) mice and their wildtype (WT) littermates from juvenile to adult ages, observe severe abnormalities courtship song Foxp2+/− mice. In comparison WT littermates, vocalized less, produced shorter syllable sequences, possessed an abnormal inventory. addition, also...
Broadband transient sounds, such as clicks and consonants, activate a traveling wave in the cochlea. This evokes firing auditory nerve fibers that are tuned to high frequencies several milliseconds earlier than low frequencies. Despite this substantial delay, octopus cells brainstem receive broadband input respond with submillisecond temporal precision. The dendrites of lie perpendicular tonotopically organized array fibers, placing earliest arriving inputs most distally latest closest soma....
Highlights•Bulk ACh release around cortical cholinergic axons can be observed in vivo•ACh levels scale with locomotion speed and pupil size•Sensor deconvolution allows evaluation of precise temporal dynamics•ACh activity predicted from axon behavioral variablesSummaryAcetylcholine (ACh) is thought to play a role driving the rapid, spontaneous brain-state transitions that occur during wakefulness; however, spatiotemporal properties these state changes are still unclear. We perform...
Abstract Objective Rett syndrome (RTT) and MECP2 duplication (MDS) result from under‐ overexpression of , respectively. Preclinical studies using genetic‐based treatment showed robust phenotype recovery for both MDS RTT. However, there is a risk converting to RTT, or vice versa, if accurate MeCP2 levels are not achieved. The aim this study was identify biomarkers distinguishing RTT MDS. Materials Methods We prospectively enrolled 11 6 male like (MRL) individuals panel clinical...
The mammalian cochlea receives efferent feedback from the brain. Many functions for this have been hypothesized, including on short timescales, such as mediating attentional states, and long buffering acoustic trauma. Testing these hypotheses has impeded by an inability to make direct measurements of effects in awake animals. Here, we assessed role medial olivocochlear (MOC) nerve fibers cochlear amplification measuring organ Corti vibratory responses sound both sexes anesthetized mice. We...
Consciousness is a fundamental component of cognition, but the degree to which higher-order perception relies on it remains disputed. Here we demonstrate persistence learning, semantic processing, and online prediction in individuals under general anesthesia-induced loss consciousness. Using high-density Neuropixels microelectrodes record neural activity human hippocampus while playing series tones anesthetized patients, found that hippocampal neurons could reliably detect oddball tones....
Spontaneous and patterned activity, largely attributed to chemical transmission, shape the development of virtually all neural circuits. However, electrical transmission also has an important role in coordinated activity brain. In olfactory bulb, gap junctions between apical dendrites mitral cells increase excitability synchronize firing within each glomerulus. We report here that glomerular microcircuit requires both sensory experience connexin (Cx)36-mediated junctions. Coupling...
Even under spontaneous conditions and in the absence of changing environmental demands, awake animals alternate between increased or decreased periods alertness. These changes brain state can occur rapidly, on a timescale seconds, neuromodulators such as acetylcholine (ACh) are thought to play an important role driving these transitions. Here, we perform first simultaneous imaging ACh sensors GCaMP-expressing axons vivo, examine spatiotemporal properties cortical activity release during...
Numerous cognitive functions including attention and learning are influenced by the dynamic patterns of acetylcholine release across brain. How mediates these in cortex remains unclear, as relationship between cortical behavioral events has not been precisely measured task learning. To dissect this relationship, we quantified motor behavior sub-second dynamics primary somatosensory auditory during rewarded sensory detection discrimination tasks. We found that were directly attributable to...
Significance First recordings from awake walking symptomatic-stage amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and control mice were made simultaneously spinal cord motor pools corresponding hindlimb flexor extensor muscles. Spinal revealed loss of high-frequency firing in ALS mice, EMG showed an abnormal fractionated character with step-to-step variability flexor/extensor coactivation, associated kinematics likely compensatory mechanisms that allow continued ability to walk the face neuron loss.
Abstract Mutations in the gene that encodes espins can cause deafness and vestibular disorders; mice are homozygous for autosomal recessive jerker mutation espin never hear. Extracellular injections of biocytin into anteroventral cochlear nucleus (AVCN) revealed although nuclei smaller je/je mice, topography its innervation resembles wild‐type mice. Auditory nerve fibers innervate narrow, topographically organized, “isofrequency” bands deaf animals over ages examined, P18–P70. The projection...
Abstract Foraging theory has been a remarkably successful approach to understanding the behavior of animals in many contexts. In patch-based foraging contexts, marginal value theorem (MVT) shows that optimal strategy is leave patch when rate return declines average for environment. However, MVT only valid deterministic environments whose statistics are known forager; naturalistic seldom meet these strict requirements. As result, strategies used by foragers must be empirically investigated....
Significance Activity-dependent depression is a common aspect of synaptic plasticity resulting from an inability to recover full-release competency during bouts high-frequency stimulation. At the zebrafish neuromuscular synapse, frequencies between 1 and 10 Hz lead 50% depression, but paradoxically, this synapse can still follow approaching refractory period action potential without failure. Capitalizing on advantages offered by we report new mechanism causal nonlinear dependence...