A5030316904- Health and Conflict Studies
- Political Conflict and Governance
- Agricultural risk and resilience
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Transboundary Water Resource Management
- Peacebuilding and International Security
- Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Peace and Human Rights Education
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Politics and Conflicts in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Middle East
- Crime Patterns and Interventions
- Vietnamese History and Culture Studies
- Cambodian History and Society
- Natural Resources and Economic Development
- European and International Law Studies
- Climate Change, Adaptation, Migration
- Culture, Economy, and Development Studies
- International Development and Aid
- Income, Poverty, and Inequality
- Global Health Care Issues
- Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences
- Gender, Security, and Conflict
- Hydropower, Displacement, Environmental Impact
Peace Research Institute Oslo
2014-2023
Centre for Advanced Study
2012
World Bank
2009
It has frequently been suggested that exceptionally large youth cohorts, the so-called “youth bulges,” make countries more susceptible to political violence. Within two prominent theoretical frameworks in study of civil war, bulges are argued potentially increase both opportunities and motives for This claim is empirically tested a time-series cross-national statistical model internal armed conflict period 1950–2000, event data terrorism rioting years 1984–1995. The expectation should risk...
A recent Climatic Change review article reports a remarkable convergence of scientific evidence for link between climatic events and violent intergroup conflict, thus departing markedly from other contemporary assessments the empirical literature. This commentary revisits in order to understand discrepancy. We believe origins disagreement can be traced back article's underlying quantitative meta-analysis, which suffers shortcomings with respect sample selection analytical coherence. modified...
Demographic and environmental factors have claimed a dominant position in the post-Cold War security discourse. According to neo-Malthusian conflict scenario, population pressure on natural renewable resources makes societies more prone low-intensity civil war. On contrary, resource-optimists concede that agricultural land scarcity caused by high density may be driving factor behind economic development, thus causing peace long-term perspective. These notions are tested quantitative...
Recent cross-national studies have found only moderate support for the idea that population pressure and resource scarcity may lead to political violence, contrary much of case study literature in field. This article suggests level analysis be at heart this discrepancy. In a time-series violence 27 Indian states 1956–2002 period, it is tested whether high on renewable natural resources, youth bulges, differential growth rates between religious groups are associated with higher levels armed...
The article predicts changes in global and regional incidences of armed conflict for the 2010–2050 period. predictions are based on a dynamic multinomial logit model estimation 1970–2009 cross-sectional data set between no conflict, minor major conflict. Core exogenous predictors population size, infant mortality rates, demographic composition, education levels, oil dependence, ethnic cleavages, neighborhood characteristics. Predictions obtained through simulating behavior variable implied...
While there is a vast literature studying the effects of official development aid (ODA) on economic growth, are far fewer comparative studies addressing how affects health outcomes. Furthermore, while much attention has been paid to country-level aid, clear knowledge gap in when it comes systematic effectiveness below country-level. Addressing this gap, we undertake what believe first attempt study ODA infant mortality at subnational level. We match new geographic data from AidData precise...
Abstract Recent studies have found significant excess mortality in women during and immediately after armed conflicts. This article directly assesses one of the most likely explanations, namely that war negatively affects reproductive health. Armed conflicts may contribute to sustain high fertility levels through increased social insecurity, loss health services, lower female education. Further, war's deteriorating impact on infrastructure is expected increase relative risk die from...
Abstract All parts of a country are rarely equally affected by political violence. Yet statistical studies largely fail to address sub-national conflict dynamics. We this gap studying variations in 'routine' and 'episodic' violence between Indonesian provinces from 1990 2003. Within grievance framework, the article focuses on potential resource scarcity population pressure, as well inter-group dynamics related polarisation horizontal inequality. Demographic pressure inequality seem have...
Armed conflict has been described as an important contributor to the social determinants of health and a driver inequity, including maternal health. These conflicts may severely reduce access services and, consequence, lead poor outcomes for period extending beyond itself. As such, understanding how health-seeking behaviour utilisation can be improved in post-conflict societies is crucial importance. This study aims explore (barriers facilitators) women's uptake maternal, sexual reproductive...
By 2050, two thirds of the world's population will live in cities, and greatest growth urban populations take place least developed countries. This presents many governments with considerable challenges related to governance provision services opportunities a burgeoning population. In current article, we use new event dataset on city-level social disorder, drawing upon prominent theories conflict literature. The spans 1960–2009 period, covering 55 major cities Asia Sub-Saharan Africa...
Armed conflict potentially poses serious challenges to access and quality of maternal reproductive health (MRH) services, resulting in increased morbidity mortality. The effects armed may vary from one setting another, including the mechanisms/channels through which lead poor services. This study aims explore on MRH Burundi Northern Uganda.This is a descriptive qualitative that used in-depth interviews (IDIs) focus group discussions (FGDs) with women, providers staff NGOs for data...
The escalation of conflict in the Middle East coincides with an emerging trend attacks on healthcare. Protection health personnel, services and humanitarian workers is no longer respected. This compromises achievement United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 3 – towards for all, 16 justice peace. Centre Global Health at University Oslo, Peace Research Institute Oslo Norwegian Red Cross co-organised a meeting exploring how impacts systems potential solutions to protect maintain care services.
The demography of armed conflict is an emerging field among demographers and peace researchers alike. articles in this special issue treat as both a cause consequence conflict, they carry important policy implications. A study German-allied countries during World War II addresses the role refugees territorial loss paving way for genocide. Other focusing on demographic causes discuss highly contentious issues whether economic social inequality, high population pressure natural resources,...
Objectives Maternal and neonatal mortality morbidity rates are particularly grim in conflict, post-conflict other crisis settings, a situation partly blamed on non-availability and/or poor quality of emergency obstetric care (EmONC) services. The aim this study was to explore the barriers effective delivery EmONC services Burundi Northern Uganda, order provide policy makers relevant stakeholders context-relevant data improving these lifesaving Methods This qualitative comparative case that...
The conditions under which a mother gives birth greatly affect the health risk of both and child. This article addresses how local exposure to organized violence affects whether women give in facility. We combine geocoded data on violent events from Uppsala Conflict Data Program with georeferenced survey use maternal care services Demographic Health Surveys. Our sample covers 569,201 births by 390,574 mothers 31 countries sub-Saharan Africa. fixed-effects analysis estimate effect recent...
Investigation of whether, how, and why inequality influences the dynamics violent conflict has a long intellectual history. Inequality between individuals households (vertical inequality) dominated literature, but recently attention shifted to role group-based inequalities in triggering violence. Our review research on relationship mobilisation violence, "horizontal inequality" (inequalities based group identities such as ethnicity, region, religion) reveals solid support for argument that...
Many conflict-affected countries are faced with an acute shortage of health care providers, including skilled birth attendants. As such, during conflicts traditional attendants have become the first point call for many pregnant women, assisting them pregnancy, labour and birth, in postpartum period. This study seeks to explore how role maternal health, especially childbirth, has evolved two post-conflict settings sub-Saharan Africa (Burundi northern Uganda) spanning period active warfare...
Public health emergencies like major epidemics in countries with already poor infrastructure have the potential to set back efforts reduce maternal deaths globally. The 2014 Ebola crisis Liberia is claimed caused disruptions a system not fully recovered after country's civil war, and an important relevant case for studying resilience of systems during crises. We use data on utilization care services from two representative surveys, one conducted before outbreak Ebola, 2013 Liberian DHS,...