Thinning of the corpus callosum (CC) is often observed in individuals who were born very preterm. Damage to CC during neurodevelopment may be associated with poor neuropsychological performance. This study aimed explore any evidence pathology adolescents aged 14-15 years preterm, and investigate relationship between areas verbal skills. Seventy-two before 33 weeks gestation 51 age- sex-matched full-term controls received structural MRI assessment. Total area preterm was 7.5% smaller than...

The structure of executive function (EF) has been the focus much debate for decades. What is more, complexity and diversity provided by developmental period only adds to this contention. development plays an integral part in expression children's behavioral, cognitive, social, emotional capabilities. Understanding how these processes are constructed during allows effective measurement EF population. This meta-analysis aims contribute a better understanding children. A coordinate-based was...

Many studies have separately reported abnormalities of frontal and temporal lobe structures in schizophrenia, but little is known structural fronto-temporal associations this condition. We investigated whether male patients with chronic schizophrenia would show abnormal patterns correlation between regional brain volumes.Structural magnetic resonance images the 42 were compared 43 matched unaffected controls. explored pattern association volumes by correlational analyses, non-parametrically...

<h3>Background:</h3> Adolescence is a critical period of brain structural reorganisation and maturation cognitive abilities. This relatively late developmental may be altered in individuals who were born preterm. <h3>Methods:</h3> We carried out longitudinal neuropsychological testing 94 very preterm (VPT; before 33 weeks' gestation) 44 term at mean ages 15.3 years (adolescence) 19.5 (young adulthood). <h3>Results:</h3> Full scale, verbal performance IQ phonological fluency significantly...

Substance misuse is a common comorbid problem in people presenting with first-episode psychosis and associated poor short-term outcome.The aim of this study to examine differences baseline characteristics 1-year outcome between individuals who have never misused substances, those stop misusing substances after initial presentation persistently over the assessment period.Patients were recruited Northern Ireland First Episode Psychosis Study (n = 272). Clinical assessments performed at 1 year...

A history of childhood trauma is common in individuals who later develop psychosis. Similar neuroanatomical abnormalities are observed people have been exposed to and with However, the relationship between such psychosis has not investigated. This study aimed explore association experience hippocampal amygdalar volumes a first-episode (FEP) population.The employed an observational retrospective design. Twenty-one individuals, had previously undergone magnetic resonance imaging procedures as...

Very-low-birthweight (VLBW) individuals are at high risk of brain injury in the perinatal period. We wished to determine how such early lesions affect structure adulthood. Thirty-two VLBW adults (20 female, 12 male) and 18 term, normal birthweight sibling control (nine nine underwent structural MRI a mean age 23 years 4 months (range 17 33 years; SD 3.4). Images were analyzed using an automated tissue segmentation algorithm order estimate whole class volumes native space. then warped...

Neuropsychological outcome at 14 to 15 years of age a cohort 75 participants (39 male, 36 female) born <33 weeks' gestation was investigated. Research conducted parallel recent MRI study by Stewart and colleagues which reported that 55% this had evidence brain abnormality. One aim the compare neuropsychological function in those very preterm children with without Compared control sample term adolescents, impairment only on measure word production. On measures attention, memory, perceptual...

<b>Background:</b> Several studies have shown an increased incidence of neurodevelopmental impairment in very preterm survivors at school age compared with controls. <b>Aim:</b> To compare findings the same cohort 8 years and 15 years. <b>Methods:</b> A total 151 224 eligible infants born before 33 weeks gestation from 1979 to 1982, who were living UK, assessed Items common both assessments evaluate changes function. The assessment included a structured neurological examination, psychometric...

Very‐low‐birth weight (VLBW) individuals are at high risk of brain injury in the perinatal period. We wished to determine how such early lesions affect structure adulthood. Thirty‐two VLBW adults (20 female, 12 male) and 18 term, normal birthweight sibling control (nine nine underwent structural MRI a mean age 23 years 4 months (range 17 33 years; SD 3.4). Images were analyzed using an automated tissue segmentation algorithm order estimate whole class volumes native space. then warped...

Researching psychotic disorders in unison rather than as separate diagnostic groups is widely advocated, but the viability of such an approach requires careful consideration from a neurocognitive perspective.To describe cognition people with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia to examine how known causes variability individual's performance contribute any observed differences.Neurocognitive functioning (n = 32), 46) healthy controls 67) was compared using analysis covariance on data Northern...

Neuropsychological deficits have been reported in association with first-episode psychosis (FEP). Reductions grey matter (GM) volumes documented FEP subjects compared to healthy controls. However, the possible inter-relationship between findings of those two lines research has scarcely investigated.To investigate relationship neuropsychological and GM volume abnormalities a population-based sample patients controls from same geographical area.FEP (n=88) control (n=86) were evaluated by...

Auditory hallucinations exist in psychotic disorders as well the general population. Proneness to hallucinations, measured by positive schizotypy, predicts false perceptions during an auditory signal detection task (Barkus, Stirling, Hopkins, McKie, & Lewis, 2007). Our aim was replicate this result and extend it examining effects of age sex, both important demographic predictors psychosis.A sample 76 healthy volunteers split into 15-17 years (n=46) 19 plus (n=30) underwent a designed detect...

This study investigated the association between different neonatal ultrasonographic classifications and adolescent cognitive, educational, behavioral outcomes following very preterm birth. Participants included a group of 120 adolescents who were born (<33 weeks gestation), subdivided into three groups according to their cerebral ultrasound (US) classifications: (a) normal (N = 69), (b) periventricular hemorrhage (PVH, N 37), (c) PVH with ventricular dilatation (PVH + DIL, 14), 50 controls....