A5010405123- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Sex work and related issues
- Platelet Disorders and Treatments
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Blood groups and transfusion
- Complement system in diseases
- Mental Health Research Topics
- HIV Research and Treatment
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Bone health and osteoporosis research
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Hip and Femur Fractures
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Urinary Bladder and Prostate Research
- Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Cardiovascular Syncope and Autonomic Disorders
- Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
Vanderbilt University
2022-2024
Astellas Pharma (Netherlands)
2020-2024
Roche (Switzerland)
2009-2016
University of Maryland, College Park
2015
Zimmer Biomet (Switzerland)
2011
GlaxoSmithKline (United Kingdom)
2002-2009
The Milton H. Erickson Foundation
2007
GlaxoSmithKline (India)
2005
Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde
2001
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
1981-2001
The morbidity from obstructive airways disease (asthma and chronic pulmonary disease) is considerable, the mortality rate rising in several countries. It has been hypothesized that long-term improvement prognosis might result vigorous bronchodilator or antiinflammatory therapy.In a multicenter trial we compared three inhalation regimens which beta 2-agonist (terbutaline, 2000 micrograms daily) was combined with corticosteroid (beclomethasone, 800 daily), an anticholinergic (ipratropium...
To estimate age- and sex-specific herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) prevalence in urban African adult populations to identify factors associated with infection.Cross-sectional, population-based samples of about 2000 adults interviewed each the following cities: Cotonou, Benin; Yaoundé, Cameroon; Kisumu, Kenya Ndola, Zambia. Consenting study participants were tested for HIV, HSV-2 other sexually transmitted infections.HSV-2 was over 50% among women 25% men Kisumu notably high rates...
Objective: The objective of this study was to explore whether the differences in rate spread HIV different regions sub-Saharan Africa could be explained by sexual behaviour and/or factors influencing probability transmission during intercourse. Methods: A cross-sectional, population-based conducted two cities with a high prevalence (Kisumu Kenya and Ndola Zambia) relatively low (Cotonou Benin Yaoundé Cameroon). In each these cities, approximately 1000 men women, aged 15-49 years, were...
Summary and conclusions In all regions of sub-Saharan Africa, the predominant mode transmission HIV is sexual intercourse between men women, but there are large variations in rate extent spread different populations. We set out to try identify factors that could explain why has more rapidly some parts Africa than others. To approach this question, we used a study design combined ecological comparisons across populations with individual-level analyses within The analysis allowed us explore...
<b>Background:</b> The association between herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) and human immunodeficiency (HIV) the development of HSV vaccines have increased interest in study epidemiology. <b>Objectives:</b> To estimate age sex specific seroprevalence HSV-1 HSV-2 infections selected populations Brazil, Estonia, India, Morocco, Sri Lanka. <b>Methods:</b> Serum samples were collected from various including children, antenatal clinic attenders, blood donors, hospital inpatients, HIV sentinel...
BACKGROUND: Unprotected heterosexual contact in the presence of other sexually transmitted diseases (STD) enhances probability HIV transmission. The objective this study was to estimate proportion infections attributable STD rural Uganda. METHODS: Simulation modelling scenarios transmission dynamics infection and ulcerative non-ulcerative were employed address objective, drawing on data from a specific population cohort 10,000 south-west RESULTS: In simulations initial 10-year period...
This article reviews scientific and other literature during the 1990s that links migration mobility with spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including HIV/AIDS. The focus is on key population groups linked to HIV STDs in West Central Africa: migrant laborers, truck drivers, itinerant traders, commercial sex workers (CSWs), refugees. Countries high emigration immigration tend have levels infection, exception Senegal. main destination immigrants are Senegal, Nigeria, Cote d'Ivoire...
To compare the epidemiology of gonorrhoea, chlamydial infection and syphilis in four cities sub-Saharan Africa; two with a high prevalence HIV (Kisumu, Kenya Ndola, Zambia), relatively low (Cotonou, Benin Yaoundé, Cameroon).Cross-sectional study, using standardized methods, including questionnaire laboratory tests, Africa.In each city, random sample about 2000 adults aged 15-49 years was taken. Consenting men women were interviewed their socio-demographic characteristics sexual behaviour,...
Countries in the Asia-Pacific region and Africa tend to have highest prevalence of hepatitis B infection worldwide. Hepatitis progresses from an asymptomatic persistently infected status chronic B, cirrhosis, decompensated liver disease and/or hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim this review was summarize rates risk factors for progression between states Africa. A literature search conducted employing MEDLINE EMBASE (1975-2003) using following key words: natural history, progression, carcinoma,...
Several studies, notably from rural areas, have shown an association between mobility and HIV infection. However, reasons for this are poorly documented. In study, we examined the relationship mobility, sexual behavior, infection in urban population of Cameroon. A representative sample 896 men 1017 women were interviewed tested other sexually transmitted infections Yaoundé 1997. Mobile nonmobile people compared with respect to sociodemographic attributes, risk exposure, condom use,...
Objectives: To describe the epidemiology of Trichomonas vaginalis infection and its association with HIV infection, in women four African cities different levels infection. Design: Cross-sectional study, using standardized methods, including a questionnaire laboratory tests, sub-Saharan Africa: two high prevalence (Kisumu, Kenya Ndola, Zambia), relatively low (Cotonou, Benin Yaoundé, Cameroon). Methods: In each city, random sample about 2000 adults aged 15-49 years was taken. Consenting men...
ABSTRACT This study estimated the regional and age- gender-specific seroprevalences of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) HSV-2 in Ontario, Canada. Stored serum specimens from subjects aged 15 to 44 years, including men ( n = 979), women not under prenatal care 638), 701) submitted for routine viral serology were randomly selected according population size public health laboratories. HSV-1 testing was done with MRL enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (Focus Technologies), also tested by Gull/Meridian...
Introduction: Cognitive Behavioral Immersion (CBI) is a novel cognitive-behavioral skills program delivered by lay coaches in the metaverse through immersive virtual reality technology. Objectives: The objective for this study was to run feasibility and pilot of CBI individuals recovery from substance use disorder. Methods: Data 48 participants were used usage assessed. Participants asked complete questionnaires assessing affect, perceived online social support, group therapy alliance...
A person experiencing more than one medical condition may have ambiguous clinical presentation. ITP is a serious autoimmune disease with little epidemiological evidence on its burden, risk factors, and comorbidities. Using the United Kingdom general practice research database, we conducted 14 years population-based case control-type study to explore conditions likely cooccur their temporal relationship in association ITP. patients were matched non-ITP practice, age, gender, follow-up period....
To assess the likely impact on HIV incidence of increased condom use, a reduction in casual sexual partners, treatment programmes for other sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and combinations these rural Uganda.A simulation model transmission dynamics infection STD was employed, drawing data from population cohort South-West Uganda with an prevalence 9% among adults 1990.For scenario most consistent study population, 39% all adult infections were averted, 10 years 1990, when condoms used...
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) facilitates sexual acquisition of HIV-1 but data on transmission are less clear. In this study the interaction between genital shedding and HSV-2 was explored among Zimbabwean sex workers.Women (n = 214) were interviewed about symptoms. Blood samples analysed for antibodies, plasma viral load (PVL) CD4 lymphocyte count swabs detection shedding, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae Trichomonas vaginalis, a cervico-vaginal lavage (CVL) quantitative...
To determine the effect of daily acyclovir on genital shedding HIV-1 and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) in a randomised placebo-controlled trial among rural Zimbabwean sex workers.214 women were recruited tested for HSV-2 antibodies, HIV plasma viral load, CD4 lymphocyte count swabs qualitative detection shedding. Women randomly assigned to 400 mg twice day 12 weeks or matching placebo followed weekly detect Shedding analyses only undertaken 125 co-infected with HIV-1. Data analysed...
The objective was to estimate the likely percentage of HIV infections that may be attributable one-off partnerships (such as those between female sex workers and their clients) longer-term in rural Uganda. This addressed by application a microsimulation model (SimulAIDS) transmission dynamics infection, drawing on data from population cohort 10,000 For scenario reproducing documented characteristics study 1990, when adult prevalence 9%, during subsequent follow up (1990-1994), incidence 8...