Do we perceive fine details in the visual periphery? Here, propose that phenomenology periphery can be characterized by an inflated sense of perceptual capacity, as observers overestimate quality their inputs. Distinct from well-known phenomenon ‘filling-in’ where content is generated or completed endogenously, inflation incorrect introspection at subjective level. The itself may absent weak (i.e. not necessarily filled-in), and yet such mistakenly regarded system rich. Behaviourally, this...

Recently, a distinction has been drawn between conventional false memories, which misrepresent specific facts, and deep distortions, relations that connect facts. We report the first study of adult developmental trends in using paradigm people make conjoint recognition judgments about incompatible facts (e.g., Was Einstein born Austria, Germany, or Switzerland?). As memories increase over lifespan, it is natural to expect distortions will do likewise. Surprisingly, however, modal explanation...

Previous research suggests that the MINERVA2 model can capture basic Deese/Roediger/McDermott (DRM) false recognition findings with either randomized representations or distributional semantic representations. In current article, we extended this line of by showing accommodate not only DRM but also effects various theory-driven manipulations. Importantly, incorporated two assumptions fuzzy-trace theory into MINERVA2: verbatim-gist distinction and hierarchies gist. To implement distinction,...

Substantial evidence indicates that older readers of alphabetic languages (e.g., English and German) compensate for age-related reading difficulty by employing a more risky strategy in which words are skipped frequently. The effects healthy aging on behavior nonalphabetic languages, like Chinese, largely unknown, although this would reveal the extent to changes universal. Accordingly, present research used measures eye movements investigate adult age differences Chinese reading. young (18–30...

Judgments of learning (JOLs) reactivity refers to the finding that mere solicitation JOLs modifies subsequent memory performance. One theoretical explanation is item-specific processing hypothesis, which posits item-level redound benefit later performance because they enhance processing. The current study was designed test this account. We factorially manipulated organization (blocked vs. randomized) categorized lists and JOL condition (item-JOLs, list-JOLs, no-JOLs) between participants,...

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) bind to RNAs and are crucial for regulating RNA splicing, stability, translation, transport. Among these proteins, the CUGBP Elav-like family (CELF) is a highly conserved group posttranscriptional regulation by binding CUG repeats. Comprising CELF1–6, this exhibits diverse expression patterns functions. Dysregulation of CELF has been implicated in various neural disorders, encompassing both neurodegenerative neurodevelopmental conditions, such as Alzheimer's...

An influential account of normative aging effects on reading holds that older adults make greater use contextual predictability to facilitate word identification. However, supporting evidence is scarce. Accordingly, we used measures eye movements experimentally investigate age differences in Chinese reading, as this nonalphabetic language has characteristics may promote such effects. Word-skipping rates were higher and times lower for more highly predictable words both groups. Effects...

Older adults experience greater difficulty compared to young during both alphabetic and nonalphabetic reading. However, while this age-related reading may be attributable visual cognitive declines in older adulthood, the underlying causes remain unclear. With present research, we focused on effects related complexity of written language. Chinese is ideally suited investigating such effects, as characters logographic writing system can vary substantially (in terms their number strokes, i.e.,...

Word frequency (WF) is a strong predictor of lexical behavior. However, much research has shown that measures contextual and semantic diversity offer better account behaviors than WF (Adelman et al., 2006; Jones 2012). In contrast to these previous studies, Chapman Martin (see record 2022-14138-001) recently demonstrated seems for distinct greater levels variance across variety datatypes. there are two limitations findings. The first (2022) compared variables derived from different corpora,...

Hospitals, where most births and terminations of pregnancy take place in modern society, tend to focus on addressing the perinatal loss experiences mothers rather than fathers. Healthcare providers often overlook fathers when has been terminated because chromosome abnormality. Little literature exists perceptions these losses from point view Taiwan.The aims this study were explore reveal essence structure Taiwanese whose spouses are hospitalized for termination due fetal abnormality.A...

Research with alphabetic scripts shows that providing an invalid parafoveal preview eliminates or diminishes effects of contextual predictability on word identification, revealing such depend the interplay between top-down expectations and bottom-up perceptual information. Whether similar are observed in character-based like Chinese is unknown. However, knowledge would extend our understanding prediction different writing systems. Accordingly, we conducted eye movement experiment using...

We removed a key uncertainty in the Deese/Roediger/McDermott (DRM) illusion. The mean backward associative strength (MBAS) of DRM lists is best-known predictor this illusion, but it confounded with semantic relations between and critical distractors. Thus, unclear whether relations, or both foment In Experiment 1, we developed tool for investigating question-a normed pool materials which subjects rated gist 120 that varied widely MBAS. This produced (MGS) statistic each list, allowed MGS...

Older adults are thought to compensate for slower lexical processing by making greater use of contextual knowledge, relative young adults, predict words in sentences. Accordingly, compared older should produce larger predictability effects reading times and skipping rates words. Empirical support this account is nevertheless scarce. Perhaps the clearest evidence date comes from a recent Chinese study showing word but not two-character However, one possibility that absence word-skipping...

The emotional ambiguity hypothesis introduced the principle that uncertainty about items' valence determines how content affects memory and other psychological processes. It was formulated to explain why correlations between perceived arousal of items range from weak unreliable, but it also makes novel predictions. Although data are consistent with those predictions, does not provide a process model causes valence-arousal relation fluctuate. We tested 2 such models-a quantitative one, which...