Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent inflammatory disorder characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside uterine cavity. Patients experience chronic pelvic pain and infertility, with most likely origin deposits (lesions) being fragments shed at menses. Menstruation process associated a dramatic increase in mediators tissue-resident immune cells. In present study, we developed validated mouse model endometriosis using syngeneic menstrual introduced into peritoneum...

Is there a specific surface marker that identifies human endometrial epithelial progenitor cells with adult stem cell activity using in vitro assays? N-cadherin isolates clonogenic, self-renewing high proliferative potential differentiate into cytokeratin+ gland-like structures and their location some of gland profiles predominantly basalis endometrium adjacent to the myometrium. Human contains small population large structures, but identity is unknown. Stage-specific embryonic antigen-1...

Background In women dynamic changes in uterine tissue architecture occur during each menstrual cycle. Menses, characterised by the shedding of upper functional layer endometrium, is culmination a cascade irreversible function including stromal decidualisation, inflammation and production degradative enzymes. The molecular mechanisms that contribute to rapid restoration homeostasis at time menses are poorly understood. Methodology A modified mouse model was developed focus on events occurring...

Abstract Endometriosis is a serious, chronic disorder where endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus, causing severe pelvic pain and infertility. It affects 11% of women. multifactorial unclear etiology, although retrograde menstruation plays major role. has genetic component with over 40 risk factors mapped, their mechanism action still emerging. New evidence suggests role for stem/progenitor cells, now that identifying markers these cells are available. Recent lineage tracing clearing...

Abstract The endometrium is a complex, steroid-dependent tissue that undergoes dynamic cyclical remodelling. Transformation of stromal fibroblasts (ESC) into specialised secretory cells (decidualization) fundamental to the establishment receptive endometrial microenvironment which can support and maintain pregnancy. Androgen receptors (AR) are present in ESC; other tissues local metabolism ovarian adrenal-derived androgens regulate AR-dependent gene expression. We hypothesised altered...

Abstract In women, endometrial breakdown, which is experienced as menstruation, characterised by high concentrations of inflammatory mediators and immune cells account for ~40% the stromal compartment during tissue shedding. These are known to play a pivotal role in breakdown but their contribution rapid scarless repair endometrium remains poorly understood. current study we used mouse model menstruation investigate dynamic changes mononuclear phagocytes remodelling. Menstruation was...

Studies from five independent laboratories conclude that bone marrow stem cells transdifferentiate into endometrial stroma, epithelium, and endothelium. We investigated the nature of marrow-derived in mouse endometrium by reconstituting irradiated wild type recipients with containing transgenic mTert-green fluorescent protein (GFP) or chicken β-actin (Ch β-actin)-GFP reporters. mTert-GFP is a telomerase marker identifying hematopoietic subpopulations epithelial, endothelial, immune...

Transvaginal meshes for the treatment of Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) have been associated with severe adverse events and banned clinical use in many countries. We recently reported design degradable poly L-lactic acid-co-poly ε-caprolactone nanofibrous mesh (P nanomesh) bioengineered endometrial mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (eMSC) POP repair. showed that such had high tissue integration as well immunomodulatory effects vivo. This study aimed to determine key molecular players enabling...

Abstract The endometrium consists of stromal and epithelial compartments (luminal glandular) with distinct functions in the regulation uterine homeostasis. Ovarian sex steroids, namely 17β-estradiol progesterone, play essential roles modulating cell proliferation, stromal-epithelial cross-talk differentiation preparation for pregnancy. effect androgens on function remains poorly understood. current study investigated non-aromatizable androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT) mouse endometrial...

Introduction Early pregnancy care involves the screening and identification of women with risk factors for adverse outcomes, including stillbirth or preterm birth, to tailor interventions accordingly. Most stillbirths approximately two-thirds births, however, occur in absence evident factors. The majority period, yet there are few targeting this progress reduce rates remains slow. Placental dysfunction is a major contributor stillbirth, particularly, stillbirth. Here, endometrial environment...

ABSTRACT Endometriosis, a chronic debilitating disease affects 1 in 7–10 girls and women, who have symptoms of severe pain subfertility significantly impacts the overall quality life. Currently, no effective early diagnostic methods are available for stages endometriosis. We used menstrual fluid‐derived small extracellular vesicles (MF‐sEVs) from women with self‐reported endometriosis (laparoscopically diagnosed, n = 8) without painful periods ( 9). MF‐sEVs were separated using differential...

The human endometrium undergoes regular cycles of synchronous tissue shedding (wounding) and repair that occur during menstruation before estrogen-dependent regeneration. Endometrial is normally both rapid scarless. Androgens regulate cutaneous wound healing, but their role in endometrial unknown. We used a murine model simulated menses; mice were treated with single dose the nonaromatizable androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT; 200 μg/mouse) to coincide initiation breakdown. DHT altered...

Menstruation is the culmination of a cascade events, triggered by withdrawal progesterone at end menstrual cycle. Initiation tissue destruction and endometrial shedding causes spiral arteriole constriction in functional layer endometrium. Upregulation genes involved angiogenesis immune cell recruitment, two processes that are essential to successful repair remodelling endometrium, both thought be induced reduced oxygen has been reported. Evidence for stabilisation/increased expression...

Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynaecological malignancy. Obesity a major risk factor for EC and associated with elevated cholesterol. 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC) cholesterol metabolite that functions as an endogenous agonist Liver X receptor (LXR) selective oestrogen modulator (SERM). Exposure to oestrogenic ligands increases of developing EC; however, impact 27HC on unknown. Samples stage 1 ( n = 126) were collected from postmenopausal women undergoing hysterectomy. Expression...

Endometrial organoids (EMO) are an important tool for gynecological research but have been limited by generation from (1) invasively acquired tissues and thus advanced disease states (2) women who not taking hormones, excluding 50% of the female reproductive-aged population. We sought to overcome these limitations generating menstrual fluid (MF; MFO) using a method that enables concurrent isolation supernatant, stromal cells, leukocytes biopsies hysterectomy samples hormonal medication...

Aim To develop a patient derived xenograft (PDX) model of cervical cancer and dysplasia using the subrenal capsule. Methods Cervical (12 Squamous Cell Carcinoma, 1 Adenocarcinoma, Adenosquamous Carcinoma), 7 biopsy normal tissues were transplanted beneath renal capsule immunocompromised NOD/SCID/gamma mice. Resulting tumours harvested portions serially into new recipient mice for up to three in vivo passages. Parent examined by immunohistochemistry p16INK41, HPV, CD-45. Single cell...