A5061608586- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Bone and Joint Diseases
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Bone health and osteoporosis research
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Vitamin D Research Studies
- HIV/AIDS oral health manifestations
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Radiation Dose and Imaging
- Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
- Bone health and treatments
- Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
University of Zimbabwe
2016-2025
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2020-2025
Biomedical Research and Training Institute
2020-2025
University of London
2024
Abstract HIV-related mortality has fallen due to scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART), so more women living with HIV (WLH) now live reach menopause. Menopausal estrogen loss causes bone loss, as do and certain ART regimens. However, quantitative data from WLH are few in Africa. A cross-sectional study aged 40-60 years (49% WLH) was conducted Harare, Zimbabwe. Menopause status, fracture history, status treatment, anthropometry were collected, radial/tibial peripheral Quantitative Computed...
Objective: To investigate bone density accrual over 1 year among peripubertal children living with HIV (CWH) compared to without infection (CWOH); and risk factors associated CWH. Design: A prospective cohort study in urban Zimbabwe. Methods: CWH on antiretroviral therapy aged 8–16 years, CWOH, frequency-matched by age were recruited Z -scores for height-adjusted total-body less-head mineral content lean mass (TBLH-BMC LBM ) size-adjusted lumbar spine apparent (LS-BMAD) calculated from dual...
Perinatally-acquired HIV infection commonly causes stunting in children; how this affects bone and muscle development is unclear. We investigated differences mass function between children with (CWH) uninfected children.Cross-sectional study of CWH (6-16 years) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) for >6 months similar aged testing HIV-negative at primary health clinics Zimbabwe.From Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) we calculated total-body less-head (TBLH) Bone Mineral Content (BMC)...
BackgroundFaltered linear growth and pubertal delay, which are both common in children with HIV sub-Saharan Africa, might affect adolescent bone accrual future fragility fracture risk. We investigated the association of density adjusted for skeletal size peripubertal Zimbabwe.MethodsWe did a cross-sectional study baseline data from IMVASK cohort, enrolled aged 8–16 years who had been taking antiretroviral therapy (ART) at least 2 years, same age without HIV. Children were recruited public...
Introduction The scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has reduced mortality so that increasing numbers children with HIV (CWH) are surviving to adolescence. However, they experience a range morbidities due chronic infection and its treatment. Impaired linear growth (stunting) is common manifestation, affecting up 50% children. the effect on bone muscle development during adolescent not well characterised. Given close link between pubertal timing...
Antiretroviral therapy roll-out has dramatically reduced HIV-related mortality; more women are living to reach menopause. Menopausal estrogen loss causes bone loss, as does HIV and some of its treatments. However, data describing HIV's impact on osteoporosis prevalence fracture risk scarce in southern Africa. A cross-sectional study aged 40-60 years (49% with [WLH]) was conducted Harare, Zimbabwe. Menopause, fracture, history were collected, anthropometry BMD (by DXA) measured, FRAX 10-year...
We assessed bone and kidney outcomes in infants randomized postdelivery as mother-infant pairs within the IMPAACT PROMISE trial to maternal tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-based antiretroviral treatment (mART) or infant nevirapine prophylaxis (iNVP) prevent breastfeeding HIV transmission.Infants were coenrolled P1084s substudy on randomization day followed through Week 74. Lumbar spine mineral content (LS-BMC) was at entry (6-21 age days) 26 by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Creatinine...
Objectives We set out to evaluate the effect of postnatal exposure tenofovir-containing antiretroviral therapy on bone mineral density among breastfeeding women living with HIV. Design IMPAACT P1084s is a sub-study PROMISE randomized trial conducted in four African countries ( ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT01066858). Methods enrolled eligible mother-infant pairs previously randomised at one week after delivery receive either maternal (Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate / Emtricitabine +...
Objectives: To determine how muscle strength, power, mass, and density (i.e. quality) differ between children living with HIV (CWH) those uninfected, whether antiretroviral therapy (ART) regime is associated quality. Design: A cross-sectional study in Harare, Zimbabwe. Methods: The recruited CWH aged 8–16 years, taking ART for at least 2 from clinics, HIV-uninfected local schools. Muscle outcomes comprised grip strength measured by hand-held Jamar dynamometer, lower limb power standing...
Objectives: HIV infection impairs bone density in children living with (CLWH). We aimed to determine the prevalence of self-reported fracture (past or current), associated risk factors and disability, by status Zimbabwean children. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: recruited CLWH aged 8–16 years taking antiretroviral therapy (ART) for ≥2 from clinics, HIV-uninfected schools Harare. Interviewer-administered questionnaires collected data on site management, sociodemographics, dietary...
Impaired linear growth and slower pubertal can be associated with perinatal HIV infection. We characterised relative to population norms, among the full adolescent period in southern Africa better understand processes leading morbidity adulthood. conducted a secondary analysis of 945 adolescents aged 8-20 years from urban Malawi Zimbabwe; we included children (CWH), an uninfected comparison group cohort study, CWH co-morbid chronic lung disease (CLD) randomised controlled trial. used latent...
ABSTRACT HIV infection has multi-system adverse effects in children, including on the growing skeleton. We aimed to determine association between chronic and bone architecture (density, size, strength) peripubertal children. conducted a cross-sectional study of children aged 8 16 years with (CWH) antiretroviral therapy (ART) without (CWOH) recruited from schools frequency-matched for age strata sex. Outcomes, measured by tibial peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT), included 4%...
Abstract Background Stunting and pubertal delay are common among children growing up with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) associated bone muscle impairments. We investigated factors density function in adolescents living HIV (ALWH). Methods The VITALITY trial (PACTR202009897660297) whether vitamin D calcium supplementation improves musculoskeletal health ALWH. A total of 842 ALWH aged 11–19 years, established on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for ≥6 months, were enrolled from clinics Zambia...
Understanding bone accrual in adolescents may inform approaches to improve skeletal health and reduce adult fracture risk. We investigated the effect of HIV on mineral assessed by peripheral Quantitative Computed tomography (pQCT). Children with (CWH) ART for ≥2 years, children without (CWOH), aged 8-16 years (n = 609), had tibial pQCT scans at 0 12 months. Linear regression estimated sex stratified differences change (∆) mean density (trabecular cortical), size (total cross-sectional area...
The prevalence of poor linear growth among African children with perinatally acquired HIV remains high. There is concern that may to lead later total and central fat deposition associated non-communicable disease risks. We investigated associations between height-for-age
Assessment of body composition can be useful in managing many clinical or public health conditions, including HIV. Most people living with HIV infection are Africa where clinics may lack equipment, utilities staff time for optimal assessment. Thus, it is important to determine whether less expensive and more available scalable methods provide adequate information. We estimated 420 perinatally HIV-infected Zambian adolescents, aged 11–19 years, using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA),...
Background: Poor linear growth and pubertal delay, both common in children with HIV (CWH) sub-Saharan Africa, may affect adolescent bone accrual future fragility fracture risk. We investigated the association of size-adjusted density peri-pubertal Zimbabwe.Methods: CWH aged 8-16 years taking ART for ≥2 from public-sector clinics Harare, HIV-uninfected schools same catchment area, were recruited into a cross-sectional study. Sociodemographic, clinical anthropometric data collected. Outcomes...
<h3>Background</h3> Perinatally acquired HIV is a treatable chronic condition such that through antiretroviral therapy (ART), children with (CWH) are now surviving to adulthood. However, CWH often exhibit impaired growth. We aimed identify the height growth patterns among and determine age at peak-height-velocity (PHV). <h3>Methods</h3> This secondary analysis of data collected prospectively in ongoing VITALITY randomised controlled trial Zimbabwe (EDCTP: VITALITY-RIA2018CO-2512). The has...
Abstract Background Perinatally-acquired HIV infection commonly causes stunting in children, but how this affects bone and muscle development is unclear. We investigated differences mass function between children with (CWH) uninfected children. Setting Cross-sectional study of CWH (6–16 years) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) for >6 months the same age-group testing HIV-negative at primary health clinics Zimbabwe. Methods From Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) we calculated...