A5043980481- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Congenital Heart Disease Studies
- Radiology practices and education
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Pericarditis and Cardiac Tamponade
- Healthcare Quality and Management
- Occupational and environmental lung diseases
- Statistical Methods in Epidemiology
- Sarcoidosis and Beryllium Toxicity Research
- Hemodynamic Monitoring and Therapy
- Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Ultrasound in Clinical Applications
Biomedical Research and Training Institute
2017-2024
University of Zimbabwe
2021-2024
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2017-2020
University of London
2018-2019
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
2017
Respiratory disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected children. Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), children suffer chronic symptoms. We investigated symptom prevalence, lung function exercise capacity among older established on ART an age-matched HIV-uninfected group.A cross-sectional study Zimbabwe aged 6-16 years receiving for over 6 months attending primary health clinics from the same area.Standardized questionnaire, spirometry, incremental shuttle walk...
Chronic respiratory symptoms are common among children living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We investigated the radiological features of chronic lung disease in aged 6-16 years receiving antiretroviral therapy for ≥6 months Harare, Zimbabwe.Consecutive participants from a HIV clinic underwent clinical assessment and chest radiography. Participants an abnormal radiograph (assessed by clinician) and/or those meeting case definition high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT)....
Despite its fundamental role in diagnostic and curative care, radiology has been described as a neglected essential service many low middle-income countries (LMICs). Previous studies have demonstrated basic equipment infrastructure shortages LMIC settings, but no to date gone further understanding the perceptions experiences of staff delivering services, way identifying their perspectives on barriers facilitators for potential where improvements can be made. Our qualitative study aimed to:...
Perinatally-acquired HIV infection commonly causes stunting in children; how this affects bone and muscle development is unclear. We investigated differences mass function between children with (CWH) uninfected children.Cross-sectional study of CWH (6-16 years) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) for >6 months similar aged testing HIV-negative at primary health clinics Zimbabwe.From Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) we calculated total-body less-head (TBLH) Bone Mineral Content (BMC)...
<h3>Importance</h3> HIV-associated chronic lung disease (HCLD) in children is associated with small airways disease, common despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), and substantial morbidity. Azithromycin has antibiotic immunomodulatory activity may be effective treating HCLD through reducing respiratory tract infections inflammation. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine whether prophylactic azithromycin preventing worsening of function acute exacerbations (AREs) taking ART. <h3>Design, Setting,...
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has decreased mortality so that increasing numbers of children with HIV are reaching adolescence. However, longstanding infection and/or its treatment in is associated noninfectious complications including cardiac disease. We investigated the prevalence, spectrum and risk factors for echocardiographic abnormalities among established on ART.HIV-infected aged 6-16 years, ART at least 6 months were enrolled into a cross-sectional study from public-sector paediatric...
BackgroundEchocardiographic reference ranges are important to identify abnormalities of cardiac dimensions. Reference for children in sub-Saharan Africa have not been established. The aim this study was establish echocardiographic z-score references Black Africa.Methods282 healthy subjects aged 6–16 years (143 [51%] males) with no known history disease were enrolled the Harare, Zimbabwe between 2014 and 2016. Standard M-mode echocardiography performed nine chamber dimensions obtained. Two...
Abstract Objective Increasing numbers of children with HIV are surviving to adolescence and encountering multiple clinical social consequences long‐standing infection. We aimed investigate the association between disability, functioning school inclusion among 6‐ 16‐year‐olds in Zimbabwe. Methods HIV‐infected receiving antiretroviral therapy from a public‐sector clinic HIV‐uninfected attending primary care clinics same catchment area were recruited. Standardised questionnaires used collect...
Abstract Background Older children and adolescents with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (PHIV) infection in Africa experience multiple comorbidities that are not typical of HIV-associated opportunistic infections, including growth impairment chronic lung disease. We examined associations between plasma cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA function growth. Methods Plasma CMV loads were measured aged 6–16 years PHIV (n = 402) HIV-uninfected controls 224). The HIV-infected either newly...
Objectives: Children with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV) and taking antiretroviral therapy (ART) have a high prevalence of subclinical cardiac disease. We hypothesized that disease may be consequence dysregulated systemic immune activation driven by infection. examined cardiovascular proinflammatory biomarkers their association echocardiographic abnormalities in children PHIV. Design: Cross-sectional analysis soluble from prospective cohort aged 6–16 years PHIV age-matched HIV-uninfected...
Abstract Introduction : Rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) for HIV infection have high sensitivity and specificity, but in the setting of longstanding antiretroviral therapy (ART), can give false results that lead to misinterpretation, confusion inadequate management. The objective this study was evaluate proportion falsely negative a RDT performed on oral fluid HIV‐infected children ART. Methods One hundred twenty‐nine with known receiving ART were recruited from Clinic at Harare Central...
Introduction Chronic respiratory disease is a common cause of morbidity in children with HIV infection. We investigated longitudinal lung function trends among HIV-infected children, to describe the evolution and assess effect anti-retroviral therapy (ART). Methods Prospective follow-up two cohorts aged 6 16 years, Harare, Zimbabwe; one group were ART-naïve at enrolment, other established on ART for median 4.7-years. Standardised spirometric assessments repeated over 2-year period. Forced...
Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major cause of death across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In parallel, non-communicable disease and especially cardiovascular (CVD) burden has increased substantially in the region. Cardiac manifestations TB are well-recognised but extent which they co-exist with pulmonary (PTB) not been systematically evaluated. The aim this study is improve understanding cardiac pathology PTB those living without HIV high-burden setting. Methods This...
Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) burden is rapidly increasing in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where tuberculosis and HIV prevalence remain high.(1-3) Recent data suggest pulmonary (PTB) associated with increased CVD morbidity.(4) However, the mechanisms of cardiac injury poorly understood. Purpose The TB-HEART study a cross-sectional natural history consecutively recruiting participants newly-diagnosed PTB, living without Zambia. primary outcome pathology PTB patients HIV....
Abstract Chronic lung disease (CLD) is a common co-morbidity for HIV-positive children and adolescents on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa. In this population, distinct airway microbiota may differentially confer risk of CLD. cross-sectional study 202 HIV-infected aged 6–16 years Harare, Zimbabwe, we determined the association sputum composition (using 16S ribosomal RNA V4 gene region sequencing) with CLD defined using clinical, spirometric, or radiographic criteria....
Objective: HIV disrupts host defense mechanisms and maintains chronic inflammation in the lung. Nitric oxide is a marker of lung can be measured exhaled air. We investigated relationship between nitric (eNO), status airway abnormalities perinatally HIV-infected children aged 6–19 years. Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: individuals on antiretroviral therapy HIV-uninfected with no active tuberculosis (TB) or acute respiratory tract infection were recruited from public hospital Harare,...
A high prevalence of cardiac abnormalities has been reported in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) taking antiretroviral therapy (ART) sub-Saharan Africa. We investigated the incidence and progression among ART Zimbabwe.
Abstract Increased carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is reported in both adults and children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) high income settings associated an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, but data from sub-Saharan Africa lacking. We assessed cIMT using ultrasound perinatally HIV-infected aged 6 to 16 years taking antiretroviral therapy (ART) for ≥6 months compared HIV-uninfected controls Harare, Zimbabwe. Groups were unpaired t test potential predictors multiple...