Acidogenic bacteria within dental plaque biofilms are the causative agents of caries. Consequently, maintenance a healthy oral environment with efficient biofilm removal strategies is important to limit caries, as well halt progression gingivitis and periodontitis. Recently, novel cleaning device has been described using an ultrasonically activated stream (UAS) generate cavitation cloud bubbles in freely flowing water that demonstrated capacity be effective at removal. In this study, UAS was...

Optically levitated multiple nanoparticles have emerged as a platform for studying complex fundamental physics such non-equilibrium phenomena, quantum entanglement, and light-matter interaction, which could be applied sensing weak forces torques with high sensitivity accuracy. An optical trapping landscape of increased complexity is needed to engineer the interaction between particles beyond single harmonic trap. However, existing platforms based on spatial light modulators interactions...

We demonstrate a grayscale photolithography technique which uses thin phase-change film as photomask to locally control the exposure dose and allows three-dimensional (3D) sculpting photoresist for manufacture of 3D structures. Unlike traditional photomasks, transmission material can be set an arbitrary gray level with submicron lateral resolution, mask pattern optically reconfigured on demand, by inducing refractive-index-changing phase-transition femtosecond laser pulses. show spiral phase...

Abstract New methods for achieving high‐quality conducting oxide metasurfaces are of great importance a range emerging applications from infrared thermal control coatings to epsilon‐near‐zero nonlinear optics. This work demonstrates the viability plasma patterning as technique selectively and locally modulate carrier density in planar Al‐doped ZnO (AZO) without any associated topographical surface profile. stands strong contrast conventional physical which results nonplanar textured...

Dielectric metasurfaces have emerged as attractive devices for advanced imaging systems because of their high efficiency, ability wavefront manipulation, and lightweight. The classical spin-multiplexing can only provide two orthogonal circular polarization channels require phase contrast which limits applications. Here, with arbitrary three independent are demonstrated by proposing a nonclassical approach exploring the low refractive index meta-atoms. A zoom microscope on-axis tri-foci...

Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) phase change nanowires have been fabricated using a top-down spacer etch process. This approach enables controls over the dimension and location of without affecting electrical properties. Phase devices based on these used to systematically investigate contact resistance between GST material TiN metal electrodes. The specific was found be 7.96 × 10−5 Ω cm2 for crystalline 6.39 10−2 amorphous GST. results suggest that plays dominant role in total memory device both states.

Biosensors are commonly produced using a siliconon-insulator (SOI) CMOS process and advanced lithography to define nanowires. In this paper, simpler cheaper junctionless three-mask is investigated, which uses thin-film technology avoid the use of SOI wafers, in situ doping need for ion implantation direct contact low-doped polysilicon film eliminate requirement heavily doped source/drain contacts. Furthermore, TiN used biosensor because it hard resilient material that allows chip be directly...

A novel supercycled atomic layer deposition (ALD) process which combines thermal ALD with in situ O2 plasma treatment is presented this work to deposit ZnO thin films highly tunable electrical properties. Both time and the number of cycles a supercycle can be adjusted achieve fine tuning film resistivity carrier concentration up six orders magnitude without extrinsic doping. The hydrogen defects are believed play major role adjusting properties films. Kelvin probe force microscopy results...

Abstract The spiral phase contrast microscope can clearly distinguish the morphological information of low objects (i.e., biological samples) owing to isotropic edge‐enhancement effect, while bright field image overall morphology amplitude objects. However, imaging resolution, magnification, and view conventional microscopes based on 4f filtering configuration are limited by system's complexity. Here, compact dual‐mode working at near‐infrared using engineered metalens reported, which be...

We demonstrate the direct excitation of a single TE mode in 25 nm thick planar crystalline silicon waveguide by photon tunneling from layer fluorescent dye molecules deposited Langmuir-Blodgett technique. The observed rate as function dye-silicon separation is well fitted theoretical rate, which obtained via novel approach within framework quantum mechanics. suggest that future ultrathin solar cells can be made efficient simple light trapping structures consisting on silicon.

Polysilicon piezoresistors with a large longitudinal gauge factor (GF) of 44 have been achieved using in-situ boron doped hot-wire chemical vapour deposition (HWCVD). This GF is consequence high quality p-type polysilicon crystal volume 97% and an average grain size 150 nm, estimated Raman spectroscopy atomic force microscopy (AFM) respectively. The measured minimum Hooge associated to the 1/f noise 1.4 × 10−3. These results indicate that HWCVD suitable piezoresistive material for...

We propose a new low V π L, fully-crystalline, accumulation modulator design based on thin horizontal gate oxide slot fin waveguide, bonded double Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI).A combination of anisotropic wet etching and the mirrored crystal alignment top bottom SOI layers allows us for first time to selectively pattern layer from above.Simulations presented herein show L = 0.17Vcm.Fin-waveguides passive Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) devices with fin-waveguide phase shifters have been...

This paper describes a new, low-cost, top-down fabrication process, which makes it possible to define nanowire field effect transistor arrays with different numbers of nanowires simultaneously and systematically comparing their electrical performance. The main feature this process is developed bilayer photoresist pattern retrograde profile, enables the modification in width, length, height number channels. approach compatible low-cost manufacture without electron beam lithography, benefits...

Mesoporous silica was deposited into e-beam patterned substrates and mesochannel orientation controlled nanospaces by tuning the sol chemistry opening potentialities in fabrication of nanowire-based devices.

Optically levitated multiple nanoparticles has emerged as a platform for studying complex fundamental physics such non-equilibrium phenomena, quantum entanglement, and light-matter interaction, which could be applied sensing weak forces torques with high sensitivity accuracy. An optical trapping landscape of increased complexity is needed to engineer the interaction between particles beyond single harmonic trap. However, existing platforms based on spatial light modulators interactions...

Dielectric metalens has emerged as an attractive device for advanced imaging system because of its powerful manipulation ability light beam, small volume, and weight. However, the applications silicon nitride (Si3N4) are limited by low refraction index Si3N4, multi-foci not been realized based on a Si3N4 metalens. Here, we deeply explore working mechanism truncated waveguide meta-atom obtain with longitudinal three diffraction-limited focal points. By utilizing sample condenser lens,...

The spiral phase contrast microscope can clearly distinguish the morphological information of low objects (i.e., biological samples) because isotropic edge-enhancement effect, while bright field image overall morphology amplitude objects. However, imaging resolution, magnification, and view conventional microscopes based on 4f filtering configuration are limited by system's complexity. Here, we reported compact dual-mode working at near-infrared using engineered metalens which be tuned...

<title>Abstract</title> An optically levitated nanoparticle in a vacuum provides an ideal platform for ultra-precision measurements and fundamental physics studies because of the exceptionally high-quality factor rich motional modes, which can be engineered by manipulating optical field geometry nanoparticle. Nanofabrication technology with ability to create arbitrary nanostructure arrays offers precise way engineering Here, first time, we levitate rotate nanofabricated nanorod via a-Si...