New testing methods such as nucleic acid amplification (NAT) and chemiluminescent serologic assays have been introduced, more precise estimates for infectious window periods are available, a new method estimating the residual risk (RR) of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) has developed. Thus, available RR Canada need to be updated.Incidence rates known TTI markers were determined all allogeneic whole-blood donations made Canadian Blood Services between 2001 2005; they derived from...

Estimates of the viral residual risk should be updated to reflect current incidence infection in blood donors. Incidence rates were estimated for allogeneic whole-blood donations made Canadian Blood Services from 2006 2009 based on transmissible disease conversions repeat within a 3-year period. Residual was as multiplied by window The HIV 1 per 8 million donations, HCV 6·7 and HBV 1·7 donations. remains low has decreased since our previous estimates due reduced incidence.

Abstract Dietary patterns reflect combinations of dietary exposures, and here we examine these in relation to prostate cancer risk. In a case‐control study, 80 incident primary cases 334 urology clinic controls were enrolled from 1997 through 1999 Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Food‐frequency questionnaires completed prior diagnosis assessed intake the 1‐year period 2–3 years enrollment. Among controls, was used principal components analyses identify that then evaluated with all subjects risk...

BACKGROUND: The benefit of introducing anti‐hepatitis B core antigen (HBc) screening for intercepting potentially infectious donations missed by hepatitis surface (HBsAg) in Canada was studied. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Anti‐HBc testing all implemented April 2005, along with antibody to (anti‐HBs) and virus (HBV) DNA supplemental anti‐HBc repeat‐reactive, HBsAg‐negative donations. proportion intercepted over the initial 18 months calculated based on three assumptions relating infectivity HBV...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) rates have decreased steadily in first-time donors Canada since testing was implemented but reasons are unclear. A description of factors that may played a role this decline is reported.Descriptive analysis blood by HCV positivity status and year (1993--2006), sex, age carried out. HCV-positive matched controls participated confidential scripted telephone interview about risk 1993 through 1994 2005 2006, independently predicting were determined with multiple logistic...

BACKGROUND The deferral for men who have sex with (MSM) was reduced from a permanent MSM if even one time since 1977 to progressively shorter deferrals of 5 years and 1 year in Canada. We assessed compliance these the impact on safety at Canadian Blood Services. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Three anonymous online surveys male whole blood donors were carried out before after implementation successive changes. HIV rates incidence monitored January 1, 2011, August 14, 2018. RESULTS Participation...

Abstract Background In Canada, the deferral for men who have sex with (MSM) has been progressively reduced from a permanent MSM since 1977, to 5 years, 1 year, and, most recently, 3 months. We estimated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) residual risk and compliance time after each change. Methods Four anonymous online surveys were carried out before HIV incidence prevalence monitored 2010 2021. Residual was using incidence‐window period model. Results Human prevalence, incidence, did not...

In discovery of novel SIRT3 inhibitors for the treatment cancer, a series 2-(4-acrylamidophenyl)-quinoline-4-carboxylic acid derivatives were designed and synthesized. Among derived compounds, molecule P6 exhibited inhibitory selectivity with IC50 value 7.2 µM over SIRT1 (32.6 µM) SIRT2 (33.5 µM). molecular docking analysis revealed specific binding pattern in active site compared bindings SIRT2. antiproliferative colony forming assay, showed potent activity against group MLLr leukemic cell...

The residual risk of hepatitis B is higher than for other markers such as human immunodeficiency virus and C in nonendemic countries. Evaluating the potential further reduction requires a better understanding relationship between donor selection criteria, immigration from endemic countries, public health vaccination strategies.Age sex trends surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive donors 1997 to 2006 were analyzed using Poisson model. All HBsAg-positive 2005/2006 plus four matched control every who...

BACKGROUND: In August 2005, the Canadian Blood Services decreased deferral period for tattooing and ear or body piercing from 12 to 6 months. This study assessed impact of this change on blood safety availability. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The prevalence these activities was an anonymous mail‐out survey 40,000 recent donors. Transmissible disease (TD) marker rates were calculated using National Epidemiology Donor Database. A case‐control performed comparing risk factors in TD‐positive donors...

BACKGROUND The deferral for men who have sex with (MSM) changed from a permanent since 1977 to 5‐year on July 22, 2013, in Canada. We assessed the impact safety and adequacy of blood supply at Canadian Blood Services. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) rates were monitored January 1, 2010, 21, 2015. Risk factors notification interviews. Anonymous online surveys male whole donors compliance before after implementation. RESULTS HIV 0.2, 0.5, 0.51 per 100,000 donations...

Blood donors in Canada have been tested for Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV) since 1990. We report the epidemiology, risk factors and lookback/traceback of HTLV-positive donors/recipients.The annual HTLV rate was calculated from 1990 to 2010. Residual estimated as product incidence window period. Twenty-nine 116 matched controls (ratio 1 : 4) were interviewed about factors. For donations, lookback investigations involved identification all previous attempting locate test recipients....

In the mid-1980s, confidential unit exclusion (CUE) was implemented to permit donors unwilling admit risk factors in screening exclude their donation from transfusion. With changes donor behaviour, epidemiology of disease and improvements testing, many blood establishments have stopped using it. We evaluated its benefit Canada, reported utility predicting transmissible-disease (TD) high-risk behaviour.TD-positive donations incident cases between 2004 2008 were analyzed CUE-safe CUE-unsafe...

SUMMARY Objectives Using population prevalence data for deferrable diseases/conditions we estimated the Canadian eligible to donate according three upper‐age limit scenarios. Background The donor selection criteria number of potential blood donors but relaxing upper age could mitigate this. Methods and Materials Forty deferral were identified their corresponding obtained estimate people excluded by criteria. was from national census taking limits, time‐period into account. As more than one...

Hepatitis C is a blood-borne infection with the hepatitis virus (HCV) that can progress to cirrhosis and liver cancer. About 70% (50–80%) of infections become chronic exhibit anti-HCV HCV nucleic acid (NAT) positivity. Direct acting oral pan genotypic antiviral treatment became available in 2014 was free for most Canadians 2018. Clinical screening risk-based. 1% have been infected HCV, 0.5% chronically (about 25% unaware) disproportionately impacting marginalized groups. Blood donors are...

BACKGROUND: Predonation screening questions about travel increase the safety of blood supply from diseases such as variant Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease (vCJD) and malaria. This study examines ability sequential surveys to predict actual deferrals operational validity questions. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: To assess donor histories before implementing key deferral policies, two were carried out at Canadian Blood Services collection sites in February 1999 (8026 donors) March 2001 (13,623 donors)....

Predonation screening has become more elaborate over the years, while human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)- and hepatitis C (HCV)-positive donations have declined. The impact of face-to-face interviewing format Donor Health Assessment Questionnaire (DHAQ) not been evaluated.Canadian Blood Services DHAQ records between 1990 2004 were examined, changes in them tracked. proportion first-time donors permanently deferred for HIV or HCV risk, rates per 100,000 donations, calculated annually....

Because Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) infection in Canada and the United States is largely contracted endemic countries, targeted testing of blood donors with risk travel may improve safety. The operational validity a question suitable for donor screening was tested, it field-tested.After 1331 completed short question, assessed by detailed histories face-to-face interviews. Two nationwide surveys were carried out assessing responses to similar questions 2001 (13,623 donors) 2006 (20,037...

Various testing strategies may reduce the risk of Chagas disease transmission in nonendemic, low-prevalence countries. Results first year selective at-risk donors at Canadian Blood Services are reported.Since February 2009, platelets were not produced from donors. Since May 2010, tested for Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies. Donors positive interviewed about factors, and lookback studies initiated.There 7255 421,979 screened (1.72%). Risk factors born Latin America (50.6%), mother or maternal...